Adventure Tourism

Nature and diversity of provision

Tourism
Tour - a journey at which one returns
to the starting point; a circular
trip[ usually for business pleasure
or education during which places
are visited and an itinerary is
planned

Webster’s dictionary
Destination Areas
Tourism as an industry occurs at
‘destination areas’ - areas with
different natural and / or man made
features, which attract non-local
visitors (tourists) for (a variety) of
activities
Georgulas (1970)
Destination Image

The customer must decide to
spend their time and money before
they actually consume the product
or service.


Image builders select and arrange
‘facts’ about a destination that will
entice visitors.
Search for the Four ‘s’
Factors

Sea (Surf)

Sun

Sand

Sex

(Snow)
Questionable images...
“the Seychelles have been dubbed
‘the promiscuous isles.’”

“Fly over Pearl Harbor, follow the

same flight path as the attacking
Japanese planes.”
Tourist Typologies


Interactional - what do tourists do?


cognitive / normative - why do they
do it?
Interactional Model

Cohen (1972) - to what degree do
tourists seek familiar or strange
settings, to what degree are they
willing to be institutionalized
(organized)


Smith (1977) - looks at
unorganized ‘hippie treks’
Cognitive / Normative
Model

Plog (1972) - continuum from
those values who differ from the
norm (allocentrics) Mass market
tourists (psychocentrics)


Cohen (1979) - religious or cultural
spiritual center which symbolizes
ultimate meanings Hedonistic to
pilgrimage centered
Lifecycle


Product lifecycle (bell shaped
curve)


Sustainability?
 Authenticity

Tourists Impression
Real Staged
Nature of scene

Real (1) Authentic (2) Denial of

authenticity
Staged (4) Staged (3) Contrived
authenticity