Organizational

behavior
Topic : -
Group size,
Group shift,
Group think,
Group dynamics and
Inter-group dynamic.
 What Is Group ?

Group refers to any number of people who

share goals, often communicate with one
another over a period of time, and are few
enough so that each individual may
communicate with all the other, person-to-
person.
 Group size
Group size has a positive impact on the group
dynamics as the range of abilities, skills and
experience increase with the group size. Group
size may be small and large size & depends
upon the work of organization.
Large group
Small group
 Group shift
When people are in groups, they make decision
about risk differently from when they are alone. In
the group, they are likely to make riskier
decisions, as the shared risk makes the individual
risk less.
 Group think
When the group decision is brought down to individual
thinking, it is called group think or levelling effect.
Tendency of members in highly cohesive(interrelated)
groups to lose their critical evaluative capabilities.
Classic Examples of Groupthink
ChallengerSpace Shuttle disaster
Columbia Space Shuttle disaster
1961 Bay of Pigs Invasion
Beech-Nut and lower quality apple juice
Loma Prieta Earthquake structural failure
Loma Prieta Earthquake – Oct ’87
 Santa Cruz City Council
delay in initiating action to
mitigate earthquake
damage:
 300 business with over
$100 Million in sales; $1M
in sales taxes; 2000 jobs
 45 buildings and 2/3 of
businesses destroyed
 5 dead; 10,000 homeless;
over $1Billion in property
damage
 Group dynamics
Group dynamics is the study of groups, and also a
general term for group processes.
“The social process by which people interact face
to face is called Group dynamics”.

Meaning & Origin of Group Dynamics:

Dynamics is a Greek word means force. It infers
that group dynamics is group force and strength.
It is a force operating within the group. Group
dynamics has synergy whereby two plus two is
equal to five. A group is the composition of two or
more persons formed for achieving the group
goals through personal interaction and
relationship. They are interdependent.
FEATURES OF GROUP DYNAMICS
1. Perception :-
Group dynamics as defined by perception
implies that every member of the group is
aware of his respective relationship with
others. The group consists of organism or
agents.
2. Motivation :-
Members join groups because they expect
that the group will solve their problems.
They want progress & promotion which are
achieved through group performance.
3. Group goals :-
Group goals are targets towards which
input, process and output are directed.
4. Group organization :-
Group is an organisation which is
composed of different organs to attain
certain objectives. A group has the
structure elements of an effective
organisation.
5. Interdependent :-
The main feature of a group is the
members interdependence. The
members of a group may have a
common goal but they may not be a
part of the group because they are
not interdependent.
6. Interaction :-
Members of a group must interact
with each other. If they are
interdependent but do not interact,
the group’s goals are not achieved.
 Inter group dynamics
(what goes on between group)
Intergroup dynamics concerns the processes
that occur between groups and is an aspect of
group dynamics which mainly focuses on
processes within groups.
The term intergroup dynamics refers to the
dynamics that take place between two or more
groups.
Intergroup dynamics are relationships between
groups cooperating and competing with one
another.
Dynamics of Intergroup competition
(deal with unhealthy competition after it
occurs)
◦ identify a common enemy that can unite the
groups
◦ appealing to a common goal that can unite the
groups
◦ getting direct negotiations started between the
groups
◦ training members of the groups to work
cooperatively
Dynamics of Inter-group competition
(prevent the emergence of unhealthy
competition before it occurs)
 reward groups for making further
contributions
 avoid win-lose competitions for rewards
 reward groups for giving help to one another
 stimulate frequent interactions between
members of different groups
 prevent groups from withdrawing and
becoming isolated from one another
 rotating members among different groups
Prepared by :-

Paresh Warke
Monica Jain
Rahul Bhole