PROJECT PRESENTATION

Mechanics Of Materials II
Group Members
• Muhammad Zeeshan Hameed 150524
(Group Manager)
• Muhammad Bilal 150527
(Technical Lead)
• Abdul Waheed 150542
(Software Developer)
• Ameer Hamza Jan Khattak 150565
(Documentation Incharge)
Introduction
• Generally the state of stress at a point in an elemet may be represented by 6
components i.e.  x , y , z normal stresses
 xy ,  yz ,  zx shearing stresses
(Note :  xy   yx ,  yz   zy ,  zx   xz )
• Same state of stress is represented by a different set of components if axes
are rotated.
Stress Transformation
• Let us assume that a state of plane stress exists at point Q.
• It is defined by the stress components σx, σy, and τxy.
• We propose to determine the stress components σx’, σy’, and τx’y’ after it is
rotated through an angle ϴ
Stress Transformation Equations
• We can find the normal and shear stresses using stress transformation
equations.
• If we vary from 0°- 360° we can get all the possible values of normal and
shear stresses.
Principle Stresses and Max Shear Stresses
• Principle stresses are the extreme values of normal stresses possible in the
material.
Principle Plane Angle
• This equation defines two values of 2ϴp that are 180° apart, and thus two
values of ϴp that are 90° apart.
• Either of these values can be used to determine the orientation of the
corresponding element a and b.
Mohr’s Circle
• The circle used to derive formulas transformation of plane stress was first
introduced by the German engineer Otto Mohr (1835–1918)
• It is known as Mohr’s circle for plane stress.
• Originally designed for graphical solutions, it lends itself well to the use of a
calculator.
• Consider a square element of a material subjected to plane stress and let σx,
σy, and τxy be the components of the stress exerted on the element.
• We plot a point X of coordinates σx and -τxy, and a point Y of coordinates σy
and +τxy
Transformation in Mohr’s Circle
• The transformation in Mohr’s circle is very simple.
• To find the state σx’, σy’, and τx’y’ we simply rotate the diameter through an
angle of 2ϴ.
Superposition of elements
• If we are given two elements in two different states then we bring them to
same orientation.
• Add their stress values and then further proceed for principle and max shear
stress as explained earlier.
Max Distortion Energy Criterion:
• For ductile materials.
• The distortion energy per unit volume in an isotropic material under plane
stress is

• Since
• And the structural component is safe as long as ud < (ud)Y
• So we get the equation
Max Normal Stress Criterion:
• For brittle materials.
• According to this criterion, a given structural component fails when the
maximum normal stress in that component reaches the ultimate strength σu.
• Thus the structural component will be safe as long as
THANKYOU