Basic Concept of

HVAC System

Course No: CEP 271 Md. Delowar Hossain

3 Credits, 3Hours/week Lecturer
Dept. of CEPS
SUST, Sylhet.
 HVAC System
Consist of
 H= Heating System
 V= Ventilation System
 AC= Air Conditioning System
 Why HVAC System?

• Control Temperature
• Relative Humidity
• Fresh Air Circulation
• Air Filtration
• Efficiency & Economy
Flow Diagram of HVAC System
 Parts of an HVAC System
• Cooling Coil (Air Cooling)
• Heating Coil (Raise temperature)
• Blower (Air Intake & Blowing)
• Air Handling Unit (Moves the Air & Maintain Air ratio)
• Air Filter (GPAF, HEPA etc. to reduce particulates)
• Ductwork (Conditioned air movement lines)
• Dampers (Air Flow Control)
• Attenuators (Use to dampen air discharge noise)
• Terminal Unit (Automatic Dampers to room air supply as per load)
• GRD (Grilles, Registers, Diffusers for air distribution)
• Control Panel (PLC, HMI)
 Supporting Equipment
 Chiller (Produce water from 12 to 7C)
 Cooling Tower (Cooling water supply in chiller unit)
 Boiler (Saturated steam supply for Water heating)
 Heat Exchanger (To raise water Temperature from 60 to 80C)
 Pump (Water Circulation)
 Design Basis of HVAC System

 Temperature 20◦C (Winter) & 25 ◦C

 Humidity 30% RH to 60% RH

 Pressure Slightly positive pressure to reduce outside air infiltration

 Particulates As per cleanroom requirement

 Ventilation Air change per hour as per cleanroom requirement

Way to Control Parameters
 Temperature Control
• Thermostat detects the room temperature
which send signal to heating unit or cooling
unit through PLC to raise or reduce inlet air
temperature.
 Humidity Controlling
 Desired Humid Air can be achieved by Automatic
controlled cooling & reheating the inlet air.
 Particulate Controlling
• GPAF (General Purpose Air Filter), HEPA (High Efficiency
Particulate Air) Filter use to control particulate in Air
• HEPA Filter capture 99.97% of contaminants of 0.3 microns in
size.
• Automatic air change controller can also control different
types of air borne particulate matter.
 Ventilation
 Air Change is required to remove excess CO2 in air.
 10-20% Fresh air is added to maintain required O2 level
To be Continued…