2018 ICT Survey Presentation - Final

ICT SURVEY, 2018
FINDINGS OF THE 2018 ICT SURVEY ON ACCESS AND

USAGE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY AMONG HOUSHOLDS AND INDIVIDUALS
IN ZAMBIA
March 28, 2019
2018 ICT SURVEY

DISSEMINATION
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
Background
Demographics and Survey Methodology
Access and Usage of ICTs
Online Risks & Mitigation Measures
Digital Financial Services
Electrical/Electronic Waste
Conclusion, Policy& Regulatory

Considerations
Zambia Information & Communications
Technology Authority ICT SURVEY
DISSEMINATION
BACKGROUND
Bernard Banda
ZICTA
ICT SURVEY
DISSEMINATION
BACKGROUND
• The 2018 ICT survey on access and usage of ICTs by households and
individuals in Zambia was conducted by the Zambia Information and
Communications Technology Authority (ZICTA) in collaboration with the
Central Statistical Office (CSO) and the Ministry of Transport and
Communications in October/November 2018 with financial support from
SIDA.
• This is the third ICT Survey undertaken by the organizations primarily

aimed at measuring progress in access and usage of ICTs by households
and individuals in Zambia.
• The first ICT Survey, conducted in 2013, provided a useful baseline of the
breadth and depth of access and usage of ICTs among households and
individuals in the Zambia.
Zambia Information & ICT SURVEY

Communications Technology Authority
DISSEMINATION
OBJECTIVES
• Establish the level of access and usage of diverse ICT services and products
in Zambia including the perceptions on quality of service and affordability;
• Examine the extent of online risks, incidents and mitigation measures

among households and individuals;
• Assess the extent of access and usage of digital financial services in Zambia;
• Evaluate the gender dimensions related to access sand usage of ICTs in

Zambia;
• Identify the volume of e-waste generated by households and individuals

and the behavioural aspects of e-waste generation among households and
individuals; and
• Provide recommendations related to increasing access and usage of ICTs in

the country.
Zambia Information & Communications ICT SURVEY

Technology Authority DISSEMINATION
SCOPE
• In conducting the survey, ZICTA together with its collaborating partners

followed international guidelines and methodologies, developed by
International bodies mainly:
 The core ICT Indicators, developed by the International

Telecommunication Union;
 The 2014 Manual for Measuring ICT Access and Use by Households
and Individuals, developed by the International Telecommunication
Union; and
• Scope was also motivated by development goals set in the SDGs and the
7NDP
• The survey was carried out in all the ten provinces of the country covering
both rural and urban areas.
Zambia Information & Communications Technology ICT SURVEY

Authority
DISSEMINATION
SURVEY METHODOLOGY &
DEMOGRAPHICS
Bernard Banda
ZICTA
ICT SURVEY
DISSEMINATION
SURVEY METHODOLOGY
• The survey targeted both households and individuals;
• Only individuals present at the time of the survey who were 10 years and older at their
last birthday were enumerated;
• The survey was nationwide and spanned all 10 Provinces;
• Sample size allows for estimation at National, Regional and provincial estimates, also
allows analysis by sub-groupings of the target population;
• Stratified two-stage cluster sampling used to achieve the desired nationally and
regionally representative sample of 246 enumeration areas (EAs) or Primary Sampling
Units (PSUs).

Technology Authority
DISSEMINATION
METHODOLGY CONT’D
• Sample allocation to the provinces was done proportional to the population size based on the
2010 Census Frame:
HOUSEHOLDS STANDARD
PROVINCE POPULATION
ALLOCATED ENUMERATION AREAS
CENTRAL 1,307,111 600 24
COPPERBELT 1,972,317 950 38
EASTERN 1,592,661 750 30
LUAPULA 991,927 450 18
LUSAKA 2,191,225 1,000 40
MUCHINGA 711,657 350 14
NORTHERN 1,105,824 500 20
NORTH WESTERN 727,044 350 14
SOUTHERN 1,589,926 750 30
WESTERN 902,974 450 18
NATIONAL 13,092,666 6,150 246

METHODOLOGY
CONT’D
• Listing was a critical element in survey, to locate all members of target population and ensuring all
have equal chance of selection and to achieve adequate coverage
• 25 households selected using systematic random sampling - 6,150 households and about 30,750
individuals, assuming average household size of 5.
• Response rates of 99.9% for households
• Weighted analysis of sample survey results was needed in order for the survey estimates to be
representative at national provincial, rural and urban domain levels.
• Two data collection instruments used were: listing form, digitized household questionnaire. Both
were administered via face-to-face interviews with respondents.

POPULATION DEMOGRAPHICS
DISTRIBUTION OF THE HOUSEHOLDS
Female headed
households
25%
Urban
45.3% TOTAL
3,494,138 Rural TOTAL
54.7%
3,494,138
Male headed
households
75%

Access to Electricity by Households across Type of Sources of Electricity by Households across Sex of Head of
Source of Electricity Household
33.1%
Utility Power Ser...
32.9%
32.9%
Utility Power Service 65.5%
6.0%
12.1%
S
21.2% 24.3%
Solar 5.2%
34.5%
National 11.6%
Bat Female
15.3% 16.6% Headed
Battery 5.3%
23.6% urban Households
0.7%
0.9% Rural Gener... Male headed
Generator 0.8% 0.9%
0.9% households
27.4% 34.7%
None 18.3% 25.0%
35.0%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

DISTRIBUTION OF THE POPULATION
• National population was estimated at 16,889,766

• Distribution of national population by gender and sex is tabulated as follows:
GENDER MALE FEMALE
48.0%
52.0%
REGION RURAL URBAN
57.2% 42.8%

Distribution of the Population By Province
Western Central
6.2% 9.7%
Southern
12.0%
Copperbelt
15.1%
North Western
5.3%
Northern
8.5% Eastern
11.6%
Muchinga
6.0%
Luapula
Lusaka 7.2%
18.5%

Distribution of the population by age-group

16.7%
13.8%
13.0%
11.3%
9.5%
7.7%
6.0%
5.6%
4.3%
3.3% 3.0%
2.6%
1.7% 1.5%
(0 - 4) (5 - 9) (10 - 14) (15 - 19) (20 - 24) (25 - 29) (30 - 34) (35 - 39) (40 - 44) (45 - 49) (50 - 54) (55 - 59) (60 - 64) 65+

Distribution of the population by Level of Education
ALL MALE FEMALE
None 8.3% 6.3% 10.1%
Primary 49.0% 46.2% 51.5%
Secondary 37.2% 41.2% 33.6%
Tertiary 5.5% 6.3% 4.8%

Distribution of the population - cont’d

By Disability Status By Income Status
60%
Disabled; 2% 52.3%
50%
40%
30%
20.2%
20%
10% 7.3% 8.1%

Not Disabled; 98% 4.4% 3.4% 2.4%
1.8%
0%
< 500 500 - 999 1000 - 1500 - 2000 - 2500 - 3001 - 3500+
1499 1999 2499 2999 3499

ACCESS & USAGE OF ICTs
ACCESS AND USAGE OF ICTs
Ian Siluyele
ZICTA
ICT SURVEY
DISSEMINATION
ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
HOUSEHOLD ACCESS AND USAGE OF ICT SERVICES AND PRODUCTS
Ownership of Working Radios by Region; 2013-2018

Ownership of Working Television Sets by Region; 2013-2018
2018
37.0% 2018 2015 40.0%
2015
National 33.0% National 44.90%
2013
2013
35.5% 53%
63.0% 46.8%
Urban 61.2% Urban 48.30%
62.0% 59%
15.5% 34.3%
Rural 14.3% Rural 42.50%
16.0% 48%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
HOUSEHOLD ACCESS AND USAGE OF ICT SERVICES AND PRODUCTS-CONTD
Access to Local Television Channels by Households Access to Pay Television Services by Households
with Working Television Sets
GoTV 56.5%
ZNBC 80.3%
Top Star 28.4%
Prime TV 61.5%
DSTV 24.5%
Diamond TV 53.7%
Muvi TV 2.9%
Q-TV 47.0%
Free to Air 2.2%
City TV 46.2%
ZNBC Set-Top-Box (Decoder) 1.7%
ABN 30.9%
Zuku TV 1.0%
MUVI 10.7% Other 0.4%
Other local stations 3.7% DTH – Direct-to-Home Satellite TV 0.2%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
Access to Radio Stations by Households across Type of

Radio Station; 2018
Community Radio Stations 81.3% Perceptions on Quality of Radio Reception by Households
Quality of Community
Commercial Public Radio
Radio Radio
Radio Stations Stations
Reception Stations
Public Radio Stations 79.8%

Good 77.20% 75.10% 61.80%
Fair 19.10% 21.70% 26.40%

Poor/Bad 4.40% 4.10% 12.80%
Commercial Radio Stations 55.7%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
HOUSEHOLD ACCESS AND USAGE OF ICT SERVICES AND PRODUCTS – CONT’D
Ownership of Fixed Telephone Line Ownership of Mobile Cellular Phone
73.6% 2018
2018 0.8% National
64.5% 2015
88.1%
Urban
2015 0.3% 84.8%
61.6%
Rural
2013 0.9% 50.4%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
0%
%
0%
10
30
50
70
80
20
40
60
90
0.0% 0.1% 0.2% 0.3% 0.4% 0.5% 0.6% 0.7% 0.8% 0.9% 1.0%
10
ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
HOUSEHOLD ACCESS AND USAGE OF ICT SERVICES AND PRODUCTS – CONT’D
Access to Internet Services by Households

Ownership of Computers by Households
2018
8.1% 2015
2018 17.7%
National 7.1%
2013
4.9%
14.7%
Urban 14.1% 2015 12.7%
9.2%
2.7%
Rural 2.3%
2013 5.8%
1.7%
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% 20%

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% 20%

BARRIERS TO INTERNET ACCESS BY HOUSEHOLDS
Do not need the Internet 33.8%
Lack of confidence, knowledge or skills to use the Internet 33.0%
Cost of the equipment is too high 26.1%
Cost of the internet is too high 20.1%
Internet service is not available in the area 9.1%
other 7.2%
Internet service is available but it does not correspond to household needs 6.5%
Have access to the Internet elsewhere 3.9%
Privacy or security concerns 2.4%
Cultural reasons 2.2%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

Main Type of Source for Internet Services by Households
Main Type of Source for Internet Services by Households
Fixed (wired)
narrowband
Terrestrial fixed
(internetMobile
speed
(wireless)
broadband
Fibre-to-the-home
under 256
broadband kbps
e.g. network
0.4%e.g.N-
Dial-up,
network via
DSL,
Mobile
ISDN,
WiMAX modem
Fractional
narrowband
T1 etc.)1.6%6.2%
(internet speed
0.8% under 256 kbps
12.6%
Mobile broadband
network via
mobile phone (3G,
4G )
78.4%

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
ACCESS AND USAGE OF ICTs AMONG INDIVIDUALS
Knowledge of how to use a Computer Knowledge on How to Use a Computer by Sex
National 6.8%
Male 8.0%
Urban 11.8%
Female 5.8%
Rural 2.8%
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10%

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
Proficiency in Using a Computer across Regions
82.8% 86.2% 83.7% 83.0% 84.8% 82.3% 84.8%

81.9% 80.0%
63.6% 60.5%
51.9%
40.9% 38.1% 39.5%
30.4% 32.8%
22.9%
20.0%
18.1% 17.2% 16.3% 17.0% 15.2%
14.8% 17.7% 15.2%
13.8%
6.6% 3.0%
National Rural Urban

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
MOBILE CELLULAR PHONE USAGE
Active users of Mobile Cellular Telephones by Region Active users of Mobile Cellular Telephones by Sex
2018
2015
53.5%
National
51.0% Male 56.9%
71.0%
Urban
68.3%
Female 50.9%
42.1%
Rural
38.8%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
Distribution of active users of mobile telephone services by Age groups

18%
16.2%
16% 15.7%
14%
12.1%
12% 11.5% 11.3%
10%
8.3%
8%
6.4%
6%
4.9%
4.2%
4%3.7%
3.1%
2.5%
2%
0%
10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65+

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
Smartphone Ownership Smartphone Ownership by Age
25%
29.6%
National 20.6%
13.50% 20%
17.9%
15% 14.4%
42.1%
Urban 11.9%
18.40%
10.7%
10%
7.8%
6.0%
14.3%
2018 5% 3.9%
Rural
6.50% 2015 2.3%
1.7% 1.7%
1.1%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 0%

10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65+

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
Preference of Mobile Cellular Operator

Subscription to Local Mobile Cellular Operators
73.4%
69.6%
Zamtel
7%
Airtel
MTN 48%
45%
21.9%
Airtel MTN Zamtel

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
MAIN REASON FOR PREFERRING THE MOBILE CELLULAR

NETWORK
36.4%
Most of my friends are on the network
28.7%
19.9%
Better quality of service
21.1%
0.0%
Number is known by most of my contacts
15.9%
10.1%
It’s the only network available here
11.7%
2015
17.9%
Not expensive 2018
8.4%
12.5%
They have good promotions
6.1%
0.0%
Other
5.0%
3.3%
Good customer service/care
3.0%

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
MOBILE CELLULAR PHONE USAGE BY PROVINCE
31.3%
28.2%
22.4%
19.7%
19.1%
18.8%
15.0%
14.7%
12.0%
10.4% 10.8% 10.2%
9.5% 9.9%
8.1%
7.2%
5.6% 6.0%
5.3% 4.9%
4.2% 4.5%
4.0%
3.9% 3.7%
3.5% 3.7%
1.4% 1.8%
0.3%
Central Copperbelt Eastern Luapula Lusaka Muchinga Northern North Southern Western
Western
Airtel MTN Zamtel

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
MOBILE CELLULAR NETWORK COVERAGE
Availability of Mobile Network Coverage at Proportion of Individuals Covered by a Mobile

Place of Residence Network by Type of Technology
4G
National 86.9%
15.3%
2G
42.7%
Urban 97.8%
3G
41.9%
Rural 79.7%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
MOBILE CELLULAR NETWORK COVERAGE – Cont’d
Provincial Network Coverage Time taken to Reach Network Coverage
Lusaka 96.0%
Copperbelt 91.8%
Luapula 89.9%
Southern 89.5%
Eastern 88.1%
Central 84.8%
North Western 80.2% l lt n a ka a n n n rn

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Western 76.3% or
N
Northern 74.9%
Muchinga 74.7%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
Challenges Experienced by Users of Mobile Mobile Cellular Phone Users’ Perception of

Cellular Phone Services Quality of Experience
3.3%
14.2%
Poor clarity of voice calls 37.0% Network Availability 42.4%
36.3%
3.8%
2.2%
9.4%
SMS Delivery Time 42.4%
Network intermittence or outage 36.5% 41.4%
4.6%
2.3% Very Poor

12.5%
Frequency of dropped calls 47.7% Poor
Any dropped calls 34.7% 34.7%
2.9% Average
Good
2.4%
13.4% Excellent
Call Setup time 44.9%
Delayed call set up time beyond 10 seconds 32.1% 36.7%
2.6%
3.0%
14.0%
Voice Clarity 44.8%
Delayed SMS delivery time beyond 5 seconds 27.1% 35.2%
3.0%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
Individuals that Use Internet Services by

Individuals that Use Internet Services by Region Province
38.3%
9.2% 37.0%
Urban
28.1%
2.4% 16.4%
16.8%
Rural 15.7%
15.2%
5.2%
8.1%
6.8% 6.0%
5.6%5.9% 5.8%
3.8%3.5% 3.5%
2.8% 2.4%2.4%
2.2%1.9%
11.6% Active Internet users

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N
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Used internet before
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Internet Users Active Internet users

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
Distribution of Internet Users by Age Group
21.3%21.2%
20.7%
19.8%
15.0%
13.9% 13.8%14.0%
10.1%10.0%
6.5% 6.8%
4.4% 4.5%
3.0% 3.0%
2.4% 2.1%
1.8% 2.1%
0.9% 0.7% 1.0% 0.9%
10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65+
Internet users Active internet users

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
Reasons for not using the Internet
I don’t know how to use it 70.1%
I have no device for accessing it 15.2%
Lack of interest 5.0%
I have no access to internet 4.0%
Internet service is not available 1.4%
Waste of time 1.2%
It’s expensive 1.1%
No internet facility nearby 0.5%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
Type of Internet Used

84.3%
71.0%
20.0%
8.4%
6.0%
2.9% 1.7% 2.0% 2.7% 1.0%
Narrowband (internet Mobile broadband via Mobile broadband via Fixed broadband e.g. Other
speed under 256 kbps) mobile phone modem (dongle,) terrestrial, Fibre etc.
2018 2015

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
Satisfaction with attributes of service delivery for internet services; 2015- 2018
66.1%
Provision Of Service Information
63.8%
Customer Services 2015
68.0%
54.2% 2018
Complaint Resolution
65.0%
52.3%
Accuracy In Billing
55.0%
57.5%
Reliability Of Overall Services
56.0%

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
Activities Undertaken Online
Social Networking 68.5%
Downloading things 47.6%
Research 37.3%
E-mail 29.5%
Studying 26.3%
Reading Publications 23.3%
Streaming videos and/or movies 21.3%
Listening to online music and/or radio (audio streaming) 19.3%
Learning 16.8%
Gaming 11.0%
Business 10.2%
Accessing cloud services 7.9%
Watching online TV 7.0%
Shopping Store 5.6%
Internet Banking 5.5%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
Social media Subscriptions Usage of Cloud Services
Facebook 91.4%
WhatsApp 74.5%
Instagram 16.7%
Urban 17.4%
Twitter 12.3%
Google+ 10.8%
Yahoo Messenger 5.0%
Snap Chat 4.1%
Skype 3.5%
Linkedin 2.0% Rural 9.1%
WeChat 1.8%
Viber 1.8%
Blackberry Messenger 0.9%
Myspace 0.8%
Badoo 0.7%
National 15.5%
Windows Live 0.7%
Twoo 0.6%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
E-commerce Usage Usage of E-commerce by Sex
Urban 10.4% Female 8.2%
Rural 3.4% Male 9.5%
National 8.9% National 8.9%

ACCESS & USAGE OF
ICTs
Delivery Methods for Goods and/or Services Purchased Online

Payment methods adopted for e- commerce transaction;
Payment card 32.0%
other Zampost
Mobile money 23.6% 14.7% 18.0%
Online Services
5.6%
Downloads
Western Union 19.2% 1.3%
Sellers
11.7%
PayPal 19.1%
Courier companies
Logistics companies 37.6%
11.2%
Telegraphic Transfer 12.4%
Other 12.0%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

ONLINE RISKS &
ILLICIT CONTENT
ONLINE RISKS AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES
Hendrix Miyoba
ZICTA

ONLINE RISKS AND
ILLICIT CONTENT
Households monitoring internet activities by Households monitoring internet activities by

Region Sex of Heads
Female Headed
Rural households
20.8% 24.53%
NATIONAL NATIONAL
34.7% 34.7%
Urban Male headed

79.2% households
75.47%

ONLINE RISKS AND
ILLICIT CONTENT
Households monitoring Activity logs by Sex of

Head Households Monitoring Activity logs by Region
Female Headed
Households
22.2%
Rural
22.9%
NATIONAL NATIONAL
33.4% 33.4%
Urban
77.1%
Male Headed
Households
77.8%

ONLINE RISKS AND
ILLICIT CONTENT
Understanding the Household members’ Understanding the Household members’ activities

activities online by Region online by Sex of Head
Rural Female Headed

21.4% Households
23.6%
NATIONAL NATIONAL
54.3% 54.3%
Male Headed
Households
76.4%
Urban
78.6%

ONLINE RISKS AND
ILLICIT CONTENT
Tools used to Mitigate Exposure to Online Main Reason for not Using any tool to Mitigate
Risks Exposure to Online Risks
Parental Control Tools 19.7% Not Aware of any tools 56.6%
Family Friendly Internet Filters 15.6%

Members of HH - Responsible 20.4%
Search Engine Filtering 12.6%

Do not have time 7.9%
Software to filter illicit content 9.7%

Other 7.5%
Monitor Visted Sites 7.5%
Not Aware of online Risks 4.0%

Operating System Filtering 6.0%
Illicit Content not a danger 3.2%

Filter - Child Abuse Materials 3.8%
ISP-Content Filtering 0.0% Tools Not effective 0.5%

ONLINE RISKS AND
Figure 118: Households that have established rules on how to use the internet; 2018
ILLICIT CONTENT
Types of established rules on how to use the internet by

Households that have established rules on how to use the internet
households
Pornograghy 68.3%
Sharing passwords 59.0%
Rural Age inappropriate products and/or services 55.4%

20.9%
Sharing personal information e.g. name, phone number, address etc 51.0%
NATIONAL
Posting photographs 46.3%
17.7%
Physical meeting with people met online 45.5%
Urban
79.1%
Sexting 44.0%
Bullying 34.0%
Other 0.7%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%

ONLINE RISKS AND
ILLICIT CONTENT
Awareness of Risks Associated with Online Awareness of Risks Associated with Online
Activities by Individuals across Regions Activities by Sex
Rural
18.1%
Female
NATIONAL 45.1% NATIONAL
52.9% Male
52.9% 54.9%
Urban
81.9%

ONLINE RISKS AND
ILLICIT CONTENT
Awareness of Risks Associated with Online Activities by Age group
25%
20.4%
20%
18.9%
15.6%
15%
11.8%
11.3%
10%
7.0%
4.8%
5%
3.8%
2.6%
2.0%
0.9% 1.0%
0%
10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65+

ONLINE RISKS AND
ILLICIT CONTENT
Awareness of types of Online Risks Exposure to Online Risks
Fake... 59.0%
Ponographic Materials 88.8%
Fake News 87.6% Pornographic Mate... 46.5%
Financial Fraud 74.6% Fake Online Promo... 23.2%
Sexting 62.5% False A... 22.3%
False alarms 59.2% Se 21.3%
Cyber bullying 58.2% 14.9%
Fake online promotions 57.7% Financial ... 13.2%

Hacking 57.7% Vio 12.7%
Violence 56.0% Ha 12.0%
Scams 53.4% Phi 10.6%
Identity theft 52.0% Cyber bul... 8.1%
Damage to reputation 49.9% Identity ... 6.8%
Impersonation 48.6% Imperson... 6.6%
Phishing 42.9%
Damage to Reput... 4.3%
Online Defamation 42.8%
Terr... 4.0%
Terrorism 41.6%
Online Defam... 3.2%
0.1%

ONLINE RISKS AND
ILLICIT CONTENT
Action taken on Exposure to Online Risks Incidence of Online Risks while on Social media
Close the Site 18.7% Fake... 82.4%
Pornograpghic mat... 65.4%
Talk to Someone-Trusted 5.9% False A... 31.4%
False Online Promo... 27.8%

Report to Zambia Police 4.7% Se 25.9%
Vio 24.8%
Report to Site 3.9%
21.7%
Financial ... 21.5%

Report to ZICTA 3.6%
Cyber bu... 19.2%
Use Filters to Block 2.8% Ha 17.1%
Phi 15.8%
Seek Support - Prevent Access 2.2% Identity... 13.1%
Damage to Reput... 13.1%

Surf On 1.3%
Imperson... 11.6%
Online Defam... 10.4%

Other 0.7%
Terr... 9.3%

ONLINE RISKS AND
ILLICIT CONTENT
Knowledge of Activation of Security Knowledge of Activation of Security

Setting by Sex Setting by Age group
25%
23.3%
21.6%
20%
15.0%
15%
Female NATIONAL 11.2%

48.2% Male 10.6%
30.4%
51.8% 10%
7.1%
4.8%
5%
2.2% 1.8%
1.6%
0.6% 0.3%
0%
10 - 15 - 20 - 25 - 30 - 35 - 40 - 45 - 50 - 55 - 60 - 65+
14 19 24 29 34 39 44 49 54 59 64

DIGITAL FINANCIAL
SERVICES
DIGITAL FINANCIAL SERVICES
Hendrix Miyoba
ZICTA

DIGITAL FINANCIAL
SERVICES
Usage of DFS by Households across Sex of Head Usage of DFS by Households Across Regions
National 48.9%
Female
headed
households
[PERCENTAG
E]
NATIONAL
Urban 71.0%
48.9%
Male headed
Households
[PERCENTAG
E]
Rural 30.7%

DIGITAL FINANCIAL
SERVICES
Uses of DFS by Households
Receiving money 92.8%
Sending money 77.6%
Pay electricity bills 23.1%
Pay bills for pay TV 16.2%
Other 8.8%
Pay water bills 4.1%
Pay school fees 2.5%

DIGITAL FINANCIAL
SERVICES
Ownership of Electronic Wallets within Sex

Ownership of different types of accounts by
Groups
individuals
21.5%
Electronic Wallet Account 38.4%
10.4%
Male 22.4%
Nation
7.0% al
Commercial Bank Account 13.6%
Urban
2.6%
Rural
0.6%
Savings & Credit Institutions Account 1.0%
0.4%
Female 20.8%
0.5%
Microfinance Institutions Account 0.9%
0.3%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45%

DIGITAL FINANCIAL
SERVICES
Ownership of accounts with phone banking and online banking services
29.5%
National
65.9%
Online
Banking
33.6%
Urban
70.2% Phone
Banking
16.3%
Rural
52.7%

DIGITAL FINANCIAL
SERVICES
Awareness of Digital Financial Services by Province Distribution of individuals aware of the existence of digital
financial services by age
16%
14.9%
14% 13.7%
13.4%
12%
Western
Central
Southern 5.0% 9.4% 10.3%
10.6%
13.1% Copperbelt 10% 9.8%
North Western 14.9%
3.9% NATIONAL
Northern 67.2% 8% 7.4%
6.8%
Eastern
Muchinga
11.0%
5.0% 6% 5.5%
Luapula
Lusaka 9.6% 4.4% 4.4%
21.3% 4%
2.9%
2.6%
2%
0%
10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 24 25 - 29 30 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 44 45 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65+

DIGITAL FINANCIAL
SERVICES
Awareness of existence of digital financial Usage of Digital Financial Services within Sex
services within sex groups Groups
Males 67.3% Male 30.5%
Females 67.2% Female 28.6%

DIGITAL FINANCIAL
SERVICES
Usage of digital financial services by Uses of digital financial services by individuals

individuals across Regions
Receiving money 88.7%
Sending money 72.5%

Nati... 29.5%
Savings 37.8%
Buy airtime 35.6%
Pay for utility bills 18.2%
U 48.7% Pay for insurance 2.2%
Pay school/tuition fees 1.7%
Make merchant payments 1.3%
Other .8%
R 16.9%
Pay hospital bills .7%
Pay taxes .6%
ICT SURVEY
DIGITAL FINANCIAL
SERVICES
Challenges experienced while using digital Barriers to access to digital financial

financial services services
System failure 55.7% Have no money 54.4%
Not registered 39.1%

Insufficient float (agent unable to send due to insufficient e-value) 39.2%
No access to services 21.1%
Slow transmission of funds to intended recipient 23.4%

Preference to transact with cash 11.3%
Lack of liquidity (agents) 21.1% It’s expensive 5.9%
Non-receipt of notification 16.6% phobia of technology 4.1%
Feel insecure 2.1%

Limited access points or agents 15.8%
Unreliable services 2.0%
Non-receipt of transferred money by the recipient 12.3%

Not trustworthy 1.6%
Fraud 6.0% Low transaction threshold 0.5%
ICT SURVEY
DIGITAL FINANCIAL
SERVICES
DFS Used by Individuals Frequently Used DFS
MTN Money 49.6%

MTN M... 56.9%
Airtel Money 37.4%
Airtel Money 44.7%
Zoona 6.6%
Z 35.7%
Xapit 6.1% Xapit 3.2%
Shoprite Money Transfer 5.5% Shoprite money transfer 0.8%
Swiftcash 3.5% Swiftcash 0.7%
FNB e-Wallet 2.5% Cash send (Barclays) 0.6%
Kazang (Spagris) 2.0% Zamtel Kwacha 0.5%
Zamtel Kwacha 1.9% FNB e-Wallet 0.5%
Cash Send (Barclays) 1.2% Atlas Mara 0.1%
Payment Cards (e-Voucher) 0.5% Payment cards (e-Voucher etc.) 0.0%

Other 0.4% Stanbic IM Voucher 0.0%
Stanbic IM Voucher 0.3%
Kazang (Spagris) 0.0%
Speed Pay 0.1%
Broad Pay 0.0%
Broad Pay 0.0%
Speed Pay 0.0%
ICT SURVEY
DIGITAL FINANCIAL
SERVICES
First point of contact for complaints with Digital Financial Services Escalation of complaints related to Digital Financial Services
Zambia
Information andand
ZambiaBank ofCompetition
Other
Police Zambia
Communications
Consumer Other Bank of Zambia
5.7%1.7%5.2%
Technology
Protection 11.3% 12.0%
Authority
Commission
4.3% Zambia
2.2%
Information and
Communication
s Technology
Authority
Zambia Police 20.9%
Competition and
39.8%
Consumer
Protection
Service provider Service provider
Commission
(DFS) (DFS)
9.7%
80.9% 6.3%
ICT SURVEY
DIGITAL FINANCIAL
SERVICES
Reporting Challenges for DFS related

Awareness of Regulation of DFS
Complaints
Nowhere (did not report) 49.6%
National 3.2%
Service provider 33.6%
Police 1.9%
Urban 6.3% Other 1.7%
Zambia Information and Communications Technology Authority (ZICTA) 0.7%
Competition and Consumer Protection Commission (CCPC) 0.2%

Rural 1.2%
Bank of Zambia (BoZ) 0.0%
ICT SURVEY
DIGITAL FINANCIAL
SERVICES
Consumer Rating of QoS for DFS Suggested Areas of Improvement for DFS
Increase in the number of pay points 18.9%
Good 85.6%
Network outages 17.7%
Availability of cash 16.4%
Speed of transfers 12.9%

Fair 13.2%
Better service at receiving points 11.0%
Reliability of service in terms of receiving of funds 8.0%
Poor/Bad 1.2% Float availability 5.7%
Complaint resolution 4.6%
ICT SURVEY
ELECTRONIC/ELECT
RICAL WASTES
ELECTRONIC/ELECTRICAL WASTE
Bernard Banda
ZICTA

ELECTRONIC/ELECT
RICAL WASTES
Disposal of e-waste by Households Across Disposal of e-waste by Households across Sex

regions of Household head
National 48.9%
Male Headed Household 51.6%
Urban 55.4%
Female Headed Household 40.8%
Rural 43.5%
ICT SURVEY
ELECTRONIC/ELECT
RICAL WASTES
Households that disposed off E-waste by type Volume of e-waste disposed by Type
Projector(s) 504
Scanner(s) 1,712
Mobile Phones 34.8%
Washing Machine(s) 2,811
Air Conditioner(s) 4,275
Printer(s) 7,970
Radio 17.4% Blender(s) 23,268
Heater(s) 33,136
VCR Player(s) 38,439
Microwave(s) 39,343
Television 10.1% Battery(s) 44,747
HiFi System(s) 50,279
Computer(s) 65,978
Fridge(s) 176,911
Stove 7.5%
Solar Panel(s) 177,771
Fan(s) 211,939
DVD / Blu Ray Player 318,712
Electric Kettle 6.4% Stove(s) 326,607
Electric Kettle(s) 366,261
Television(s) 473,051
LED Lights 637,268
Computer 1.5% Radio(s) 859,123
Phone(s) 3,212,103
ICT SURVEY
ELECTRONIC/ELECT
RICAL WASTES
E-waste disposal by Sex E-waste disposal within Age groups

65+ 21.07
Other 0.1
0.4
60 - 64 33.69
Game consoles 0.1
0.3
55 - 59 38.54
0.2
Age Group
Cameras 0.3 50 - 54 40.15
Accessories 5.0
8.9 Female 45 - 49 46.07
3.4 Male
Adaptor 40 - 44 46.77
4.7
4.1 35 - 39 49.06
Data storage devices 7.0
30 - 34 45.09
Computer 0.4
1.2
25 - 29 43.76
18.8
Battery 25.1
20 - 24 36.07
Charger 21.5
26.2 15 - 19 16.69
Backup power storages 1.3

2.3 10 - 14 2.39
Mobile phone 27.4 5-9

35.3
0-4
ICT SURVEY
ELECTRONIC/ELECT
RICAL WASTES
Methods of disposal for e-waste
Put Away within the house 20.2%
Gave Away (donation) 14.3%
Threw at a land fill 11.4%
Threw in a Trash Can 6.3%
Sold (for Reuse or Recycling) 4.2%
Burnt 1.6%
Other 1.3%
ICT SURVEY
ELECTRONIC/ELECT
RICAL WASTES
Awareness on type of Dangers of unsafe

Awareness of Dangers of E-waste disposal disposal of E-waste
Soil contamination 76.5%

National 10%
Air Pollution 75.1%
Urban 16%
Water Pollution 66.0%
other dangers 11.7%
Rural 6%
ICT SURVEY
CONCLUSION, POLICY AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS
Bernard Banda
ZICTA

Technology Authority ICT SURVEY
DISSEMINATION
 Overall, there was significant progress observed in the uptake of various ICT
products and services considered.
 Slow Growth observed in household Ownership of computers and low

proficiency in skills.
 Regional imbalances as well as provincial imbalances were prominent across all

ICT products and services. Minimal Gender divide exists in access and Usage.
 Reported challenges with internet speeds, voice clarity on mobile voice services,
intermittent network outages and dropped calls.
 For the excluded, the barriers to the uptake of ICTs included knowledge and
awareness on how to use the services, cost of the devices and services as well as
the lack of network coverage.

 The main incidents for online risks were related to fake news and exposure to
pornography which were even more extensive on social media platforms.
 E-wallets were noted to be the most extensive form of financial accounts held
by individuals.
 The challenges mainly related to system failure or persistent down times,

inadequate pay points, insufficient float by agents as well as delayed
transmission of funds.
 Low levels of awareness on safe methods of disposal for E- Waste.
 mobile phones were among the most prominent sources of

electrical/electronic waste in the country.

 What are the key messages from the Findings?
 What are some of the risks that potentially limit the country from
leveraging on the full potential of ICTs?
 What should be the focus of Government, Private Sector and

Development partners in the ICT Sector?

THANK YOU


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ICT SURVEY, 2018

FINDINGS OF THE 2018 ICT SURVEY ON ACCESS AND

March 28, 2019

2018 ICT SURVEY

Demographics and Survey Methodology

Access and Usage of ICTs

Online Risks & Mitigation Measures

Digital Financial Services

Conclusion, Policy& Regulatory

• This is the third ICT Survey undertaken by the organizations primarily

Zambia Information & ICT SURVEY

• Examine the extent of online risks, incidents and mitigation measures

• Evaluate the gender dimensions related to access sand usage of ICTs in

• Identify the volume of e-waste generated by households and individuals

• Provide recommendations related to increasing access and usage of ICTs in

Zambia Information & Communications ICT SURVEY

• In conducting the survey, ZICTA together with its collaborating partners

 The core ICT Indicators, developed by the International

Zambia Information & Communications Technology ICT SURVEY

• The survey targeted both households and individuals;

last birthday were enumerated;

• The survey was nationwide and spanned all 10 Provinces;

allows analysis by sub-groupings of the target population;

regionally representative sample of 246 enumeration areas (EAs) or Primary Sampling

Zambia Information & Communications ICT SURVEY

Zambia Information & Communications ICT SURVEY

• Response rates of 99.9% for households

Zambia Information & Communications ICT SURVEY

DISTRIBUTION OF THE HOUSEHOLDS

Zambia Information & Communications ICT SURVEY

Zambia Information & Communications ICT SURVEY

DISTRIBUTION OF THE POPULATION

• National population was estimated at 16,889,766

GENDER MALE FEMALE

REGION RURAL URBAN

Zambia Information & Communications ICT SURVEY

Distribution of the Population By Province

Zambia Information & Communications ICT SURVEY

Distribution of the population by age-group

Zambia Information & Communications ICT SURVEY

Distribution of the population by Level of Education

ALL MALE FEMALE

None 8.3% 6.3% 10.1%

Primary 49.0% 46.2% 51.5%

Secondary 37.2% 41.2% 33.6%

Tertiary 5.5% 6.3% 4.8%

Zambia Information & Communications ICT SURVEY

Distribution of the population - cont’d

10% 7.3% 8.1%

Zambia Information & Communications ICT SURVEY

ACCESS AND USAGE OF ICTs

Ownership of Working Radios by Region; 2013-2018

Urban 61.2% Urban 48.30%

Rural 14.3% Rural 42.50%

Zambia Information & Communications ICT SURVEY

HOUSEHOLD ACCESS AND USAGE OF ICT SERVICES AND PRODUCTS-CONTD

Top Star 28.4%

MUVI 10.7% Other 0.4%

Other local stations 3.7% DTH – Direct-to-Home Satellite TV 0.2%

Zambia Information & Communications ICT SURVEY

Access to Radio Stations by Households across Type of

Community Radio Stations 81.3% Perceptions on Quality of Radio Reception by Households