Advanced Core Transmission

MPLS
Network Basics
• Network fundamentals
• Switching Basics
• Routing Basics
• WAN Fundamentals
Networks Fundamentals
• Network definition
• Network importance
• Network types
• Network connectivity
• Network topologies
• Network devices
• Network models
Switching Basics
• MAC frame
• MAC Address
• MAC table
• CSMA protocol
• Forwarding modes
• Switch learning
• Switch forwarding
Cisco Switch
MAC Table
Ethernet frame
TCP vs OSI Model
Routing Basics
• Routing Classification
• IP address
• IP Versions
• Router Learning
• Router Forwarding
IP Header
Cisco Routers
Traditional Unicast IP Forwarding
MPLS Forwarding
MPLS Benefits
 The use of one unified network for all types of traffic
 Better ip over ATM integration
 BGP Free Core
 MPLS peer to peer VPN
 Optimal traffic flow
 Traffic Engineering
MPLS Terminologies
• LSR
• LSP
• FEC
• LDP vs TDP
• Up stream VS DOWN stream
• Label stack
• Label space
Label Distribution protocols
LDP TDP
Label distribution protocol Tag distribution protocol
TCP , UDP L4 TCP , UDP L4
Open standard Cisco proprietary
648 711

Most common used Legacy protocol

MPLS Label
• MPLS Label Structure
MPLS Architecture
MPLS Modes
• Frame mode ( IP ) … per interface
• Cell mode ( ATM ) … per platform
MPLS Planes
• Control Plane
1- L3 protocols
Connectivity
Reachability

• Data plane
Data forwarding
MPLS Operation
 Mpls should be enabled on interfaces because its disabled by
default
 After enabling mpls . Session establishment will take place
 Session establishment occur by sending hello message to
224.0.0.2 every 5 sec with dead interval 3 hellos
 You can establish session between 2 LSRs not directly
connected
LDP Messages
• Discovery .. Announce LSR presence in the network

• Session .. Establish , up keep and teardown session between

LSRs

• Advertisement .. Advertise label mapping to FEC

• Notification .. Send signal errors and notifications

MPLS Label Distribution
• Downstream on demand
The down stream LSR Should request labels
Operates with cell mode

• Unsolicited downstream
Sending updates label without request
Operates with frame mode
MPLS Label retention
• Liberal label retention
• Save best and backup label
• Fast convergence
• Consume memory and power
• Operates with IP Frame mode

• Conservative label retention

• Save only the best label
• Consume little memory
• Slow convergence
• Operates with ATM cell mode
MPLS Control Mode
• Independent LSP Control Mode
There is no relationship between IGP and Label distribution process

• Ordered LSP Control Mode

Synchronization between IGP and Label distribution process