Rhan-Rhan N.

De Guzman

BSCE-5
10/19/20
 COMPONENTS IN TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

For transportation to take place, four components are essential:

•Modes

They represent the conveyances, mostly taking the form of vehicles that are used to
support the mobility of passengers or freight. Some modes are designed to carry only
passengers or freight, while others can carry both.
The vehicle (equipment) is what moves objects or traffic (people, goods). The vehicle
consists of a container and some type of motive power, either onboard or elsewhere.
•Infrastructures

The physical support of transport modes, where routes (e.g. rail tracks, canals or
highways) and terminals (e.g. ports or airports) are the most significant components.
Infrastructures also include superstructures which are movable assets that usually have a
shorter lifespan. So, for an airport, the infrastructure would be assets such as the runways
while the superstructure would be the terminals and control equipment. For a port, the
infrastructure would be piers and navigation channels while the superstructure would be
cranes and yard equipment.
The guideway is what the vehicles move along. The guideway consists of links and nodes
that together form a network. A sequence of links is called a route. A terminal is a node
where traffic is transferred from one vehicle to another.
•Networks

A system of linked locations that are used to represent the functional and spatial
organization of transportation. This system indicates which locations are connected and
how they are serviced. Within a network, some locations are more accessible (more
connections) than others (fewer connections).
•Flows

Movements of people, freight and information over their respective networks. Flows
have origins, intermediary locations, and destinations. An intermediary location is often
required to go from an origin to a destination. For instance, flying from one airport to
another may require a transit at the hub airport.
 PHILIPPINE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
Transportation in the Philippines covers the transportation methods within this archipelagic nation of
over 7500 islands. From a previously underdeveloped state of transportation, the Government of the
Philippines has been improving transportation through various direct infrastructure projects, and these
include an increase in air, sea, road, and rail transportation and transport hubs.
Jeepneys are a popular and iconic public utility vehicle. They have become a symbol of the Philippine
culture. Another popular mode of public transportation in the country is the motorized tricycles,
especially common in smaller urban and rural areas. The Philippines has four railway lines: Manila LRT
System Line 1, Manila LRT System Line 2, Manila MRT System Line 3, and the PNR Metro Commuter Line
operated by the Philippine National Railways. There are also steam engines found in Visayas which
operate sugar mills such as Central Azucarera. Taxis and buses are also important modes of public
transport in urban areas.
The Philippines has 12 international airports, and has more than 20 major and minor domestic airports
serving the country. The Ninoy Aquino International Airport is the main international gateway to the
Philippines.
Land transportation

The Philippines has 216,612 kilometers (134,596 mi) of roads, with 83% being paved
and 17% being unpaved. As of 2014, the road network consists of:
•National roads – 33,018.25 kilometers (20,516.59 mi)
•Provincial roads – 31,620 kilometers (19,650 mi)
•City and municipal roads – 31,063 kilometers (19,302 mi)
•Barangay roads – 121,702 kilometers (75,622 mi)
Land transportation in the Philippines consists of Roads, Highways, Expressways,
Railways.
Water transportation

Consists of Waterways, River ferries, Ferry services, Ports and harbors.

Air transportation

Consists of Airports, Airlines.

Issues

• Traffic congestion
Traffic congestion is an issue, especially on Metro Manila. Increasing car sales and lack
of mass transit and highways cause most traffic congestion, and is feared to make
Metro Manila "uninhabitable" by 2020. A survey made by Waze called Metro Manila
the "worst traffic on Earth".
Economic losses due to traffic congestion costs about ₱3 billion, as of 2012. By 2030,
over ₱6 billion will be lost in the Philippines' economy due to traffic congestion,
according to JICA.
References

https://transportgeography.org/?page_id=247

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation_in_the_Philippines#:~:text=The%20Philip
pines%20has%20four%20railway,by%20the%20Philippine%20National%20Railways

http://www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/c05/e6-40-02