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CH 07 Ternary Phase
CH 07 Ternary Phase
Forsterite
Diopside
T - X Projection of Di - An - Fo
Di + An
Pure Fo forms
Just as in binary
=?
F=?
= 2 (Fo + Liq)
F=3-2+1=2
X of pure Fo is fixed
Lever principle relative proportions of liquid &
Fo
At 1500oC
Liq x + Fo = bulk a
x/Fo = a-Fo/x-a
New continuous reaction as liquid follows cotectic:
LiqA LiqB + Fo + Di
Bulk solid extract
Di/Fo in bulk solid extract using lever
7 0
principle
12
1300
1274 M 0 0
14
0 0
15
b
Liq
Fo + Liq
+
Di
1392
Diopside c 1387
At 1300oC liquid = X
Imagine triangular plane X - Di - Fo balanced on bulk a
Liq x
a
Di
m Fo
iq
+L
tite
sta
Fo 1890
En y En
Works the same way as the Fo - En - SiO2 binary
i
k
1557
Fo En
f
L iq
+ e b
r ite
s t e
o r
F
iq
+L
tite
sta
En
Fo En
Diopside-Albite-Anorthite
Figure 7.5. Isobaric
diagram illustrating the
liquidus temperatures
in the system diopside-
anorthite-albite at
atmospheric pressure
(0.1 MPa). After Morse
(1994), Basalts and
Phase Diagrams.
Krieger Publushers
Di - An eutectic
Di - Ab eutectic
Ab - An solid solution
Figure 7.5. Isobaric
diagram illustrating the
liquidus temperatures in
Isobaric the system diopside-
anorthite-albite at
polythermal
atmospheric pressure
(0.1 MPa). After Morse
(1994), Basalts and
Figure 7.8. Oblique view illustrating an isothermal section through the diopside-albite-anorthite
system. Figure 7.9. Isothermal section at 1250oC (and 0.1 MPa) in the system Di-An-Ab. Both from
Morse (1994), Basalts and Phase Diagrams. Krieger Publishers.
Ternary Feldspars
us 1557
id
Liqu
1500
Liquid
1400 Plagioclase
To C
plus
1300
Liquid
u Plagioclase
s
lid
1200 So
1118
1100
Ab 20 40 60 80 An
Weight % An Ab-rich feldspar
+ liquid
1200
a
liquid
c i
b Or
-r liqu
+ l ich f idu
s
oli i q e l
ui d d s
s
du
pa
Temperature oC
1000 s
r e j
d k
f
single feldspar
so
lv
us
800
g h
two feldspars
An
> 4 Components
(Spinel)
Mg pyroxene
Calci-alkalic plagioclase
Mg-Ca pyroxene
alkali-calcic plagioclase
Continuous
Discontinuous amphibole Series
Temperature
alkalic plagioclase
Series biotite
potash feldspar
muscovite
quartz
The Effect of Pressure
P2
Pressure Solid
Liquid
P1
T1 T2
Temperature
Eutectic system
Figure 7.16. Effect of lithostatic pressure on the liquidus and eutectic composition in the diopside-
anorthite system. 1 GPa data from Presnall et al. (1978). Contr. Min. Pet., 66, 203-220.
The Effect of Water on Melting
Dry melting: solid liquid
Add water- water enters the melt
Reaction becomes:
At shallower levels it
will become saturated,
and expel water into
its surroundings
It should completely
solidify before reaching
the surface
Figure 7.22. From Burnham and Davis
(1974). A J Sci., 274, 902-940.
Another example: isobaric
heating of albite with
10 mol % water at 0.6 GPa.
Conclusion:
Although the addition of
water can drastically reduce
the melting point of rocks,
the amount of melt produced
at the lower temperature may
be quite limited, depending
on the amount of water
available
Volatile-free
P = 2 GPa
3GPa CO2
2GPa
1GPa dry H2O
Highly undesaturated Ab Highly undesaturated Ab
(nepheline-bearing) (nepheline-bearing)
alkali olivine 1atm alkali olivine
basalts basalts
r
d
ate lts Oversaturated ra t ed t s Oversaturated
u u l (quartz-bearing)
a t sa
erstic ba
(quartz-bearing)
e rsat basa tholeiitic basalts
d tholeiitic basalts d ic
Unoleii Unoleiit
th th
Fo En SiO2 Fo En SiO2