PREVENTION &

MANAGEMENT OF SPORTS
INJURIES

QUIMCY DSOUZA
FYBMS-SM(B)
75
 INDEX
1) Reasons of Sports Injury 11) What after injury
2) Classification Of Injuries 12) Recovered Athletes
3) Acute Injuries & Symptoms 13) Injuries that ruined athletes
4) Chronic Injuries 14) Facts in injury prevention
5) Overuse Injury
6) Common Types of Injuries
7) Causes and Treatment
8) Risk Factors
9) Injury Prevention and dehydration
10) No H.A.R.M
11) Emotional Stress Injury
12) Preventions coaches should take to
prevent injuries in athletes
13) When to consult doctor
14) Complete exercise program
15) Classification of different sports
 REASONS OF SPORTS INJURY:-

IMPROPER INSUFFICIENT
ACCIDENTS WARM UP OR
EQUIPMENTS
TRAINING

While it is possible to injure any part of the body while

playing sports, the term sports injuries is commonly used to
refer to injuries of the musculoskeletal system.
 CLASSIFICATION OF INJURIES
SPORTS INJURIES

TRAUMATIC OVERUSE

EXTRINSIC INTRINSIC

ACUTE CHRONIC
These are caused due
to external violence
 ACUTE INJURY

DIRECT
Caused by external force as
collision between 2 players or
players and equipments.
INDIRECT
Caused by internal force as over
stretching a ligament in sudden
change direction in turnover in
basketball.

BRUSIS STRAIN
FRACTURE SPRAIN
CUTS TEAR
 CHRONIC INJURIES
HOW ARE CHRONIC INJURIES CAUSED ???
Chronic injuries are caused by continuous
stress, training too hard, not allowing time for
recovery, poor footwear, bad technique.
WHAT CAN BE THE RESULT ???
Weakness to the injured site
insufficient rehabilitation
after injury
 OVERUSE INJURY
Overload
Due to
excessive Tissue Injury

and repeated
use of the Inflammation
PAIN Continued Activity
CYCLE
same muscle,
joint or
bone. Pain

Rest / Healing
 COMMON TYPES OF INJURIES

Hard Tissue Injury Soft Tissue Injury Open Injury Closed Injury
 Bone Injury  Sprain with tone  Bad cut  Dislocation
ligaments  Blisters
 Sprain with stretched  Scraped skin
ligaments  Chaffing
 Strained muscle
 Dislocation
 CAUSES & TREATMENT

BLISTER Impact breaks bone R.I.C.E

Wrenching force D.R.A.B.C Method and

FRACTURE tears ligaments go to the hospital

Rubbing on the Immobilize limb and

CONCUSSION skin go to the hospital

Brain injured by Keep clean and

SPRAIN blow to the head do not burst
RISK FACTORS
Musle
Imbalance

Inadequate Postural
Warm-up Defect

INTRINSIC

Poor
Overuse
Technique

Age
 INJURY PREVENTION AND DEHYDRATION

i s e , g a t
e x e rc e ti n
w e t s o m p s &
e n h o s e , c u e
Wh cially in ebody lo r a i n i n g
t e v e n
e q u ate
es p e s , t h  T p r ia a d d
iti o n lt o f p ro w it h r an
o n d r es u a p e s , e a
c a s a r f a c o t w e n t .
a te r s u g , fo i p m
w n g . th i n e q u
ti l o e
swea n o t
c
o te c ti v
o e s p r
er d lo t s
r fo r m k in g o r
e p e d r in e r g p o
t h y ff n t
If ydrate b may su o rr e c ti
o r g n m e n
re-h ter, the on. y  C iq u e l a l i
a ti c h n n i c a
of w dehydr a te c h a .
m e tie s
ro m b io mali
f n o r
ab
 NO “H.A.R.M”
H = Heat R = Running
WHY?? WHY??
 Increases blood flow to  Increases in tissue damage
area therefore increases  Overload to other area as
swelling. compensation
A = Alcohol M = Massage
WHY?? WHY??
 Less pain felt therefore  May increases tissue damage
more damage caused  Increases blood circulation to
the injured area
HOW CAN WE REDUCE THE RISK OR HAZARDS ???

? ? Health / Fitness
H OW Skill and Technique
Training
Hydration
Warm up
Correct clothing an equipment
Correct footwear
No Jewellery
Obeying of the rules
 ADDITIONAL TIPS
Drink enough water based on Encouraging proper strength
activity and temperature levels. training routines
Educate athletes on proper Mandating pre-competition
nutrition for performance. physical exams.
Supervise equipment maintainance
Encourage athletes to speak with an athletic
trainer, coach or physician if they are having
any pain.

Enforcing warm-up and cool

down routines
 EMOTIONAL STRESS INJURY
Injuries are not only physical but can be caused due to emotional stress as well

What causes emotional stress??

 Pressure to win
 Training issues
 Interpersonal conflict with teammates/coaches
 Lack of support from organization
 Parents, Coaches often do not appreciate the
athletes hardwork.
 Travel Accomodation
 Fans expectation
 Financial Issues
 Traumatic life events
 PREVENTION COACHES SHOULD TAKE TO PREVENT
INJURIES IN ATHLETES
Coaches are a part and the reason for an athletes development and victory and therefore
they are also a part and the reason for the athletes injury and failure.
Talk with your young athlete
Get a preseason physical test done
Encourage cross-training
Stress the importance of warming up
Make sure they get enough rest
Provide a healthy well balanced diet
Emphasize hydration
Get the proper equipment
Emphasize proper technique and guidelines
Recognize injury and get help early
 WHEN TO CONSULT YOUR DOCTOR
Its important to recognize and realize the symptons (for eg:- pain) during practice
or competition and just not ignore. Consulting your doctor at the right time can
prevent your injury from getting worsen.

Consistent pain during or after sports

Persistent or new swelling around a joint
Recurrent instability – joints “give away”
Painful pops (nonpainful pops are OK)
Pain that does not respond to a period of
rest
 COMPLETE EXERCISE PROGRAMME
STAGE ACTIVITY TIME
Slow walk, calisthenics, jog
WARM - UP on the spot
5-10 minutes

STRETCHING Up to down 20-60 minutes

ACTIVE EXERRCISE Cycling, running, dancing, etc. 5-10 minutes

Slow walk, calisthenics, jog
COOL DOWN on the spot 5-10 minutes

STRETCHING Down to up 5-10 minutes

 CLASSIFICATION OF DIFFERENT SPORTS
SPORTS

PHYSICAL SPORTS MENTAL SPORTS SOCIAL SPORTS

 ATHLETICS  CHESS  CRICKET
 LAWN TENNIS  ARCHERY  FOOTBALL
 BASEBALL  SUDOKU  VOLLEYBALL
 WRESTLING  CHECKERS  BASKETBALL
 BENEFITS OF SPORTS ON HEALTH
PHYSICAL SPORTS MENTAL SPORTS
 Controls weight by burning calories  Improves mood
 Improves the functioning of the cardiovascular system  Improves concentration
 Increases athletes energy level  Sharpens focus
 Reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes  Reduce stress
 Reduces the level of body fat
 Makes the bones and muscles stronger
SOCIAL SPORTS
 Helps you set new goals
 Teaches you team work and hard work
 Increases strength and stamina
 Boosts Confidence
 Increases concentration
 Better Body shape
 WAYS TO COPE-UP AFTER SPORTS INJURY

Learn about the injury

Maintain a positive attitude
Use the mind to heal the body
Maintain your fitness while injured
Set appropriate goals
Improve mental health
Do proper rehab exercises inorder to
recover
 WHAT AFTER INJURY??
DO ALL ATHLETES RECOVER?? The answer to this is :- UNANSWERABLE

WHY????
Because it depends on the following factor:-

It depends on the type of injury

How badly it has affected the bone or tissue
The preventions and precautions taken during injury

70% OF ATHLETES

DID YOU KNOW??

DROPOUT OF
SPORTS BECAUSE OF
INJURIES
 RECOVERED ATHLETES
….. Not all athletes recover after injury but some do, let’s have a look at
some athletes who had great comebacks after an injury.
DREW BREES SERENA WILLIAMS PELE

NFL Football player Tennis player

Football player
San Diego Chargers United States
Brazil
Shoulder injury Shoulder and knee injury
Knee Injury
Dec 31st 2005 against Denver Broncos In 2015
In 1958 worldcup in sweden
2008 - NFL Offensive player of the year 2017 won the Australian open
 INJURIES THAT RUINED ATHLETE
Not all athletes are fortunate enough to recover from sports injuries
Terrell Davis Sidney Crosby Larry Johnson

Football Ice Hockey Basketball

1995 – 2002 1997 – 2005 1992-2001
Torn Right ACL & MCL Concussions Herniated disc in back
 FACTS ON INJURY PREVENTION
 Aprox 41,000 new spinal cord injuries occur each year
 Football and Wrestling have highest incidence of injury
 6 out of every 10 skateboard injury involve teenagers under 16
 1,000 recreational diving accidents occur each year
 90% of diving accidents are in six feet of water or less
 Highest per capita rate of injuries occur between the ages
16 to 30
 500,000 doctor visits and 30,000 hospitalizations
per year due to football injuries