EARTHQUAKE DRILL

ORIENTATION
Part I. Why we need to conduct Earthquake
Drill
Part II. How to conduct Earthquake Drill
 I. Why We Conduct an
Earthquake Drill?
“R E M E M B E R”

• Earthquake is a natural phenomenon and

cannot be prevented.
• It can strike quickly without warning.
• Earthquake can damage lives and properties.
• No available technology that give an
accurate earthquake prediction.

TO MITIGATE EARTHQUAKE DISASTER.

 Objectives of Earthquake Drill
 To ensure the safety of everybody during and after a
damaging earthquake.

 To help the building administrators and their disaster

action groups to design a specific response plan for
earthquakes.

 To train the building occupants on proper action and

response during earthquakes.

 To test various elements of the response plan designed by

the Disaster Control Group(DCG).
 F I R E vs. EARTHQUAKE
 Concentrated in one area of
the building.
 Immediate response is to
evacuate people and put out
fire.
 Immediate outside help will
arrive definitely at the soonest
time.
 Building occupants can be
evacuated in any place outside
the building away from fire.
 No aftershock to deal with.
 Affects the whole building and
nearby areas.
 Immediate response is to Duck,
Cover and Hold during an
earthquake, and to evacuate if
necessary.
 Immediate outside help is not a
guarantee.
 Area for evacuation after the event
is limited only to an open area
which is safe from falling debris and
other earthquake related hazard.
 Aftershocks will be another concern.
Part II. How to conduct Earthquake
Drill
Stages in Conducting Earthquake Drill
Stage 1
Planning/
Organizing
Stage 2
Developing an
Evacuation Plan
Stage 3
Orientation prior to
Earthquake drill
Stage 4
Actual Conduct of
Earthquake Drill
 STAGE 1
Planning/Organizing an Earthquake Drill
 STAGE 1
Planning/Organizing an Earthquake Drill

A. Form a Disaster Control Group (DCG) composed of several

teams with specific task and designate an over-all
coordinator.
Overall
Coordinator

Fire Safety First Aid or Evacuation Communication Site Security

Team Medical Team Team Team Team
 STAGE 1
Planning/Organizing an Earthquake Drill

 Members of the DCG should evaluate the

building.

 Have the following information available yearly:

Total number of building occupants

Total number of occupants at each room
Total number of occupants at each floor
Total number of occupants at each building
Identify occupants with special needs (sick, old,
disabled) and their location
 STAGE 1
Planning/Organizing an Earthquake Drill

 Members of the DCG should evaluate the building.

 Acquire the most recent grounds layout or

vicinity plan/map.
plan/map
 STAGE 1
Planning/Organizing an Earthquake Drill
Members of the DCG should conduct building watching exercise
and identify safe and unsafe spots inside the building.
 Observe hazardous areas/practices within the building
premises and dangerous conditions that may exist which people
have not noticed before. This should be plotted on the layout.
Examples:
* Any hanging, unstable objects or structure
* Condition of power lines and utility poles
* Narrow alleys between buildings
* Corridors are too narrow
* Are there blockages along the corridors and exit points?
* Do exit point remain open during working hours?
* Doors that swing in instead of swing out.
 Assess the structural integrity of the building/s
 STAGE 1
Planning/Organizing an Earthquake Drill
Building Watching Exercise

Shelf near
Entrance
Swing Out Door

Decoration

Narrow Exit

Glass Window
 STAGE 1
Planning/Organizing an Earthquake Drill
Building Watching Exercise

Electic Post
and wirings
Gate’s Shade

Flower Pots
 STAGE 2
Developing the Building Earthquake
Evacuation Plan
 STAGE 2
Developing the Building Earthquake
Evacuation Plan
 The Building Earthquake Evacuation Plan should
have provisions to utilize all available open spaces
nearest the building that are evaluated as safe from
falling debris and other materials that may cause
injuries. (ref: 1.5 x height of the nearest building)

Parking Area Park

 STAGE 2
Developing the Building Earthquake
Evacuation Plan
 Determine if there is sufficient open space for all.
Areas to be occupied should be computed
assuming 4 ‘evacuees’ would occupy a 1 sq m
area.
area
Determine how many persons can occupy an open space.
Assumption 1 : 800 persons
Assumption 2 : 4 persons/m2

(800 persons) ÷ (4 persons/m2) = 200 m2

Is the space enough for the total number of evacuees?

 STAGE 2
Developing the Building Earthquake
Evacuation Plan
 Consider the number of occupants in each building
(working and non-working hours). Designate a
specific open area for each building as their area
of temporary refuge.
 Once each building has been assigned a specific
evacuation site, come up with an evacuation
procedure using the available map.
Initially, all exit points nearest the
building should be suggested as
their exit routes; assuming that these
are passable after the earthquake.
 STAGE 2
Developing the Building Earthquake
Evacuation Plan
 Determine the flow of traffic from each building along the
street using the information on actual number of
occupants per building and their designated evacuation
area.
 Indicate by arrows, the flow of evacuation coming out of
each room down to their designated evacuation site. This
will be the suggested earthquake evacuation route for the
building occupants.
occupants

One way traffic:

Determine the flow
of traffic
 STAGE 2
Developing the Building Earthquake
Evacuation Plan
Flow of Traffic and Evacuation Route

Evacuation Site

Use arrows to indicate

the flow of evacuation

One way traffic: persons

shall walk in one direction
Prepare

Earthquake Survival Kits

First Aid Kits

 STAGE 3
Orientation Prior to the
Conduct of an Earthquake Drill
 STAGE 3
Orientation Prior to the
Conduct of an Earthquake Drill
A. Prepare the building occupants a week before the
scheduled earthquake drill.
 Identify safe spots (e.g. under tables, desks, doors, etc) and danger
zones (e.g. windows and glass, shelves, machinery, cabinets and
furniture that may topple or slide as well as all hanging and heavy
objects).
 When dangerous areas have been identified, ask the building
occupants/administrators to correct these and to take action.
action
 Introduce the suggested evacuation route prepared by the DCG.
 Also introduce the assigned open area where they should evacuate
after an earthquake.
 Assign somebody who will be in charge of making sure that all exit
points are open during the shaking.
shaking
 STAGE 3
Orientation Prior to the
Conduct of an Earthquake Drill
B. The main concern during an ongoing shaking is how to
protect oneself.
 Give specific instructions on what to do DURING an earthquake.
earthquake

Duck, Cover and Hold

Take cover under a sturdy table or strongly supported doorway.
Watch out for falling objects.
Keep calm and don’t panic.
 STAGE 3
Orientation Prior to the
Conduct of an Earthquake Drill
B. The main concern during an ongoing shaking is how to
protect oneself.
 Give specific instructions about what to do AFTER as soon as the
shaking stops:

Be alert…
Listen to the Marshall’s instructions.
Walk out of the building in an orderly manner.
 STAGE 3
Orientation Prior to the
Conduct of an Earthquake Drill
B. The main concern during an ongoing shaking is how to
protect oneself.
 While walking along the alleys/streets, be alert and watch out for
falling debris.

DON’T Run
DON’T Push
DON’T Talk
DON’T Return
DON’T bring your things
 STAGE 4
Actual Conduct of an Earthquake Drill
 STAGE 4
Actual Conduct of an Earthquake Drill

1. Prior to the scheduled drill, inform the neighborhood

regarding the conduct of the drill.
 STAGE 4
Actual Conduct of an Earthquake Drill

1. Prior to the scheduled drill, inform the neighborhood

regarding the conduct of the drill.
2. Identify and assign observers for each exit points of the
building and evacuation areas. They will give their
comments and observations during the evaluation of the
drill.
 STAGE 4
Actual Conduct of an Earthquake Drill

3. For the Actual Drill.

Assumptions:
 1-minute strong shaking signified by 1 minute siren/bell
 Person can not stand.
stand
 Buildings may have been damaged but no collapse.
collapse
 Possible falling objects including glass windows
 No immediate assistance will be available for at least several hours.
 Self-help and sustenance are required.
 Possible injuries,
injuries fear, panic among building occupants.
 STAGE 4
Actual Conduct of an Earthquake Drill

3. For the Actual Drill.

Give instructions/reiterate the what to do’s:

do’s
 once the siren is heard, do the proper and expected actions.
actions
 Participants during this 1-minute siren should perform the Duck,
Cover and Hold or DCH.
 After the 1-minute siren, participants quietly go out of the building/s
and proceed to previously designated open space.
space Team leaders
should make head count while in the ground.
 While the drill is ongoing, observers should take note on how the
participants performed.
 STAGE 4
Actual Conduct of an Earthquake Drill

3. For the Actual Drill.

Give instructions/reiterate the what to do’s:

do’s
 When all the participants have converged at the designated
evacuation area, the assigned observers will give their comments (if
drill was conducted properly, if the evacuation proceeded smoothly,
etc.) and suggestions on how to correct and improve.

To be effective earthquake drills

must be done regularly.
EARTHQUAKE DRILL
 Phase 1. ALARM

siren / bell rings for 1 minute

ongoing “ground shaking or earthquake”

 Phase 2. RESPONSE
during the “shaking”

perform “DUCK, COVER and HOLD”

Remain in that position
until “shaking” stops

Still BE ALERT, open your eyes

Observers should take note

on how participants performed
 Phase 3. EVACUATION
after the “shaking”

All building occupants evacuate,

following pre-determined routes, to
the EVACUATION AREAS
 Phase 4. ASSEMBLY
At the designated evacuation area, the ‘evacuees’
must be grouped together.
together
 Phase 5. HEADCOUNT

Team leaders should check and make

sure all ‘evacuees’ are accounted for.
 Phase 6. EVALUATION
An evaluation of the drill must be
conducted to identify problems
encountered during the drill and how this
can be corrected in future earthquake drills.

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Thank You for Listening