SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND

PREPARATION OF BANGLADESH TO
ACHIEVE THE GOALS

Galib Bin Saif

Id: 2014241006
Topics to be discussed:

• Introduction

• Brief history of SDG

• Description of 17 goals
 Introduction

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also known as the

Global Goals, adopted by all United Nations Member States in
2015 as a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the
planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity.

There are 17 Goals that are interconnected, and in order to leave

no one behind, it is important that we achieve them all by 2030.
 Brief History
The SDGs replace the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which
started a global effort in 2000 to tackle the indignity of poverty.

The legacy and achievements of the MDGs provide us with valuable

lessons and experience to begin work on the new goals. But for millions of
people around the world the job remains unfinished. We need to go the
last mile on ending hunger, achieving full gender equality, improving
health services and getting every child into school beyond primary.
 END EXTREME POVERTY IN ALL FORMS BY 2030.

According to UN the number of people living in extreme poverty

dropped by more than half between 1990 and 2015, but still about
736 million people lived on less than US$1.90 a day.

Targets to eradicate poverty by 2030:

1. Eradicate extreme poverty
2. Reduce poverty by at least 50%
3. Implement social protection systems
4. Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources
5. Build resilience to environmental, economic and social disasters
6. Mobilization of resources to end poverty
 END HUNGER, ACHIEVE FOOD. SECURITY AND IMPROVED
NUTRITION AND PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE.

According to the World Food Program, 135 million suffer from acute hunger
largely due to man-made conflicts, climate change and economic downturns.
The SDGs aim to end all forms of hunger and malnutrition by 2030.

Targets to eradicate world hunger:

1. Universal access to safe and nutritious food
2. Double the productivity and income of small scale producers
3. Maintain the genetic diversity in food production.
4. Invest in rural infrastructure, agricultural research, technology and gene banks.
5. Ensure stable food commodity markets and timely access to information.
 ENSURE HEALTHY LIVES AND PROMOTE WELL-BEING FOR ALL AT
ALL AGES.

Recognizing the interdependence of health and development, the Sustainable

Development Goals (SDGs) provide an ambitious, comprehensive plan of
action for people, planet and prosperity and for ending the injustices that
underpin poor health and development outcomes.

Targets for promoting health and well being are:

1. Reduce maternal mortality
2. End all preventable deaths under 5 years of age
3. Fight communicable diseases
4. Reduce mortality from non-communicable diseases and promote mental health
5. Prevent and treat substance abuse
6. Reduce road injuries and deaths
7. Increase health financing and support health workforce in developing countries
 ENSURE INCLUSIVE AND EQUITABLE QUALITY EDUCATION AND
PROMOTE LIFELONG LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES FOR ALL.

Since 2000, there has been enormous progress in achieving the target of
universal primary education. As per UNDP The total enrolment rate in
developing regions reached 91 percent in 2015, and the worldwide number
of children out of school has dropped by almost half.

Targets to create action to ensure quality education are:

1. Free primary and secondary education
2. Equal access to affordable technical, vocational and higher education
3. Increase the number of people with relevant skills for financial success
4. Eliminate all discrimination in education
5. Build and upgrade inclusive and safe schools
6. Increase the supply of qualified teachers in developing countries
 ACHIEVE GENDER EQUALITY AND EMPOWER ALL WOMEN AND
GIRLS.
UNDP has made gender equality central to its work and we’ve seen
remarkable progress in the past 20 years.
But although there are more women than ever in the labor market,
there are still large inequalities in some regions, with women
systematically denied the same work rights as men.

Targets used to create action for gender equality:

1. End discrimination against women and girls

2. End all violence against and exploitation of women and girls
3. Value unpaid care and promote shared domestic responsibilities
4. Ensure full participation in leadership and decision-making
5. Equal rights to economic resources, property ownership and financial services
6. Adopt and strengthen policies and enforceable legislation for gender equality
 ENSURE AVAILABILITY AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF
WATER AND SANITATION FOR ALL.

The UN explains: "Clean water is a basic human need, and one that
should be easily accessible to all. There is sufficient fresh water on
the planet to achieve this.

Targets to ensure clean water and sanitation for all:

1. Safe and affordable drinking water

2. End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene
3. Protect and restore water-related ecosystems
4. Expand water and sanitation support to developing countries
5. Support local engagement in water and sanitation management
 ENSURE ACCESS TO AFFORDABLE, RELIABLE,
SUSTAINABLE AND MODERN ENERGY FOR
ALL .
Renewable energy solutions are becoming cheaper, more
reliable and more efficient every day. Ensuring universal access
to affordable electricity by 2030 means investing in clean energy
sources.

Targets to create action to ensure universal access to sustainable energy:

1. Universal access to modern energy

2. Increase global percentage of renewable energy
3. Double the improvement in energy efficiency
4. Promote access, technology and investments in clean energy
5. Expand and upgrade energy services for developing countries
 PROMOTE SUSTAINED, INCLUSIVE AND SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC
GROWTH, FULL AND PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT AND DECENT
WORK FOR ALL.
Over the past 25 years the number of workers living in extreme poverty has
declined dramatically. However, as the global economy continues to recover
we are seeing slower growth, widening inequalities, and not enough jobs to
keep up with a growing labor force.

Various targets to create action to ensure decent work and sustainable economic growth:

1. Sustainable Economic Growth

2. Full employment and decent work with equal pay
3. Promote youth employment, education and training
4. End modern slavery, trafficking, and child labor
5. Protect labor rights and promote safe working environments
 BUILD RESILIENT INFRASTRUCTURE, PROMOTE INCLUSIVE AND
SUSTAINABLEINDUSTRIALIZATION AND FOSTER
INNOVATION.
Inclusive and sustainable industrialization, together with
innovation and infrastructure, can unleash dynamic and
competitive economic forces that generate employment and
income.

Some of the targets for this goal are:

1. Develop sustainable, resilient and inclusive infrastructures

2. Increase access to financial services and markets
3. Enhance research and upgrade industrial technologies
4. Facilitate sustainable infrastructure development for developing countries
5. Support domestic technology development and industrial diversification
 REDUCE INEQUALITY WITHIN AND AMONG COUNTRIES.

Reducing inequalities and ensuring no country is left behind are

integral to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.

Targets to create action to reduce inequalities:

1. Reduce income inequalities

2. Adopt fiscal and social policies that promotes equality
3. Special and differential treatment for developing countries
4. Encourage development assistance and investment in least developed countries
5. Reduce transaction costs for migrant remittances
 MAKE CITIES AND HUMAN SETTLEMENTS INCLUSIVE, SAFE,
RESILIENT AND SUSTAINABLE.
More than half of us live in cities. According to UNDP by 2050, two-
thirds of all humanity—6.5 billion people—will be living in urban
area. Sustainable development cannot be achieved without
significantly transforming the way we build and manage our urban
spaces.

Some vital targets to create action to make cities and communities sustainable are:

1. Safe and affordable housing

2. Affordable and sustainable transport systems
3. Protect the world's cultural and natural heritage
4. Reduce the environmental impacts of cities
5. Provide access to safe and inclusive green and public spaces
6. Support least developed countries in sustainable and resilient building
 ENSURE SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION
PATTERNS.

Achieving economic growth and sustainable development requires

that we urgently reduce our ecological footprint by changing the
way we produce and consume goods and resources.

Targets to create action for responsible consumption and production:

1. Implement the 10-year sustainable consumption and production framework

2. Sustainable management and use of natural resources
3. Responsible management of chemicals and waste
4. Encourage companies to adopt sustainable practices and sustainability reporting
5. Promote universal understanding of sustainable lifestyles
6. Develop and implement tools to monitor sustainable tourism
 TAKE URGENT ACTION TO COMBAT CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS
IMPACTS.
The annual average economic losses from climate-related disasters
are in the hundreds of billions of dollars. As per UNDP the goal aims
to mobilize US$100 billion annually by 2020 to address the needs of
developing countries to both adapt to climate change and invest in
low-carbon development.

Five targets to create action to combat climate change:

1. Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related disasters
2. Integrate climate change measures into policy and planning
3. Build knowledge and capacity to meet climate change
4. Implement then UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
5. Promote mechanisms to raise capacity for planning and management
 CONSERVE AND SUSTAINABLY USE THE OCEANS, SEAS AND
MARINE RESOURCES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.

Over three billion people depend on marine and coastal biodiversity

for their livelihoods. However, today we are seeing 30 percent of the
world’s fish stocks overexploited, reaching below the level at which
they can produce sustainable yields.

Targets to create action to conserve and sustainably use the oceans:

1. Reduce marine pollution
2. Protect and restore ecosystems
3. Reduce ocean acidification
4. Conserve coastal and marine areas
5. Increase scientific knowledge, research and technology for ocean health
6. Implement and enforce international sea law
 PROTECT, RESTORE AND PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE USE OF
TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS, SUSTAINABLY MANAGE FORESTS,
COMBAT DESERTIFICATION, AND HALT AND REVERSE LAND
DEGRADATION AND HALT BIODIVERSITY LOSS.
According to UNDP Every year, 13 million hectares of forests are lost,
while the persistent degradation of drylands has led to the
desertification of 3.6 billion hectares, disproportionately affecting poor
communities. While 15 percent of land is protected, biodiversity is still at
risk. Nearly 7,000 species of animals and plants have been illegally
traded.

Targets to create action to protect and restore life on land are:

1. End deforestation and restore degraded forests
2. End desertification and restore degraded land
3. Ensure conservation of mountain ecosystems
4. Eliminate poaching and trafficking of protected species
5. Increase financial resources to conserve and sustainably use ecosystem
and biodiversity
 PROMOTE PEACEFUL AND INCLUSIVE SOCIETIES FOR
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, PROVIDE ACCESS TO JUSTICE FOR
ALL AND BUILD EFFECTIVE, ACCOUNTABLE AND INCLUSIVE
INSTITUTIONS AT ALL LEVELS.
Our world is increasingly divided. Some regions enjoy peace,
security and prosperity, while others fall into seemingly endless
cycles of conflict and violence. These situations must be
addressed.

Targets to create action to promote peace, justice and strong Institutions:

1. Reduce violence everywhere
2. Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence
3. Promote the rule of law and ensure equal access to justice
4. Substantially reduce corruption and bribery
5. Develop effective, accountable and transparent institutions
6. Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms
 STRENGTHEN THE MEANS OF IMPLEMENTATION AND REVITALIZE
THE GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.

The world is more interconnected than ever. Coordinating policies

to help developing countries manage their debt, as well as
promoting investment for the least developed, is vital for
sustainable growth and development.

Targets to create action for partnerships for the goals:

1. Implement all development assistance commitments
2. Mobilize financial resources for developing countries
3. Knowledge sharing and cooperation for access to science, technology and innovation
4. Remove trade barriers for least-developed countries
5. Enhance global macroeconomic stability
6. Enhance the global partnership for sustainable development
Thank
you!
Md.Mahfuzur Rahman Khan

ID:2014241021
The future targets and
plans of SDG for
Bangladesh.
 • * Reduction in the head-count
poverty ratio by about 6.2
percentage points (from 24.8% to
18.6%)
GOAL1. End • * Reduction in extreme poverty by
about 4.0 percentage points (i.e.
poverty in all its 8.9 % in 2020)
forms everywhere • * Spending on Social Protection
as a share of GDP to be
increased to 2.3%.
• * Creation of a Lagging Region
Fund
 • * Consolidation of Food
Transfer Program as
GOAL 2. End suggested by National Social
hunger, achieve Security Programme.
food security and • * Reduce proportion of stunting
improved nutrition among under-five children from
and promote 36.1% to 25%.
• * Reduce proportion of
sustainable
underweight children among
agriculture under-five children from 32.6%
to 20%
 • * Under 5 mortality rate to be reduced
from 41 to 37 per 1000 live births.
• * Maternal Mortality Ratio to be reduced
from 170 to 105 per 100,000 live births.
GOAL 3. Ensure • * Immunization, measles (percent of
healthy lives and children under 12 months) to be
increased to 100 percent.
promote wellbeing • * Births attended by skilled health staff
For all at all ages. to be increased to 65 percent.
• * Reduction of Total Fertility Rate to 2.0.
• * Increasing Contraceptive Prevalence
Rate to 75%.
GOAL4. Ensure * Achieving 100% net enrollme
inclusive and for primary and secondary edu
equitable quality
education and
promote lifelong
learning * Ensure quality education at p
secondary and tertiary educati
opportunities for
all

* Percentage of cohort reachin

5 to be increased to 100% from
current 80%.
 • .* Gender Parity Index in
tertiary education to be raised
from current 0.70 to 1.0.
GOAL 5. Achieve • * The ratio of literate female to
male for age group 20-24 to be
gender equality
raised to 100% from the
and empower all current 86%.
women and girls • * Increase the share of female
officers (Grade-9 and above) in
the public sector to 25% by
2020.
GOAL6. Ensure availability and sustainable
management of water and sanitation for all

* Safe drinking water to be made available for all rural and

population.

* Proportion of urban population with access to sanitary la

increased to 100 percent and 90 percent for rural populatio
 • * Generation of
GOAL 7. Ensure electricity to be
access to increased to 23,000
affordable, reliable, MW.
sustainable and • * Electricity coverage to
modern energy for be increased to 96%.
all. • * Increase energy
efficiency by 10%.
 • * Attaining average real GDP
GOAL8. Promote growth rate of 7.4% per year over
the plan period.
sustained,
• * Total revenue to be raised from
inclusive and 10.7% of GDP to 16.1% by FY20.
sustainable • * 12.9 million additional jobs will be
economic growth, available during 7th FYP including
some 2 million jobs in abroad.
full and productive • * FDI (Foreign Direct Investment)
employment and to be increased substantially to
decent work for all $9.6 billion by FY20 from present
$1.57 billion.
 • * Focus on fast tracking
GOAL 9. Build
a number of
resilient
transformational
infrastructure,
infrastructure projects.
promote inclusive
• * Increase the
and sustainable
contribution of the
industrialization
manufacturing sector to
and foster
21.5% of GDP by FY20
innovation
from 17.8% of FY15.
 • * Spending on Social
Protection as a share
GOAL10. Reduce of GDP to be
inequality within increased to 2.3%of
and among GDP.
countries • * Reduce Income
Inequality from 0.458
to downward.
GOAL 11. Make cities and human settlements
inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.

* Ensure sust
* Access to improved
urban developm
water source will be
supports inc
ensured for all urban
productivity, in
dwellers.
and employ
 SDG 12. Ensure
sustainable NO ACTION PLAN
consumption and
production patterns
 • * Environmental, Climate
Change and disaster risk
GOAL 13. Take reduction considerations
are integrated into project
urgent action to
design, budgetary
combat climate allocations and
change and its implementation process.
impacts • * 500-meter-wide green
belt to be established and
protected along the coast.
 GOAL 14.
Conserve and
sustainably use
the oceans, seas
and marine
resources for
sustainable
development. DEVELOP LAW & REGULATION
IN POLLUTION CONTROL.
INCLUDING SEA VE
SHIP BREAKING IND
 GOAL 15. Protect,
restore and promote
sustainable use of
• * Increase
terrestrial ecosystems, productive forest
sustainably manage
forests, combat coverage to 20
desertification, and percent with 70%
halt and reverse land
degradation and halt tree density.
biodiversity loss.
 GOAL 16. Promote • * To ensure all persons are
peaceful and able to live securely under
inclusive societies for the rule of law.
sustainable • * Enhancing Integrity &
development, provide Controlling Corruption.
access to justice for • * Strengthen Right to
all and build effective, Information (RTI) and Access
accountable and to Information process.
inclusive institutions • * Making parliamentary
at all levels process effective.
 • * Develop effective Aid
GOAL 17. Information Management
Strengthen the System (AIMS).
means of • * Ensure development
implementation partners’ policy alignment
and revitalize the and system harmonization.
Global Partnership • * Effective national Policy on
for Sustainable Development. Cooperation
Development to guide development
cooperation in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh Progress on Sustainable Development Goals

Among the 17 targets, Bangladesh already is in a very good

position in 8. These are: Poverty, hunger and nutrition,
education, gender equality, water and sanitation, energy,
climate change, and global partnership. UNDP has been
closely engaged with the Planning Commission of Bangladesh
and it shows that, 14 goals which is 82% are thematically
fully aligned, while three goals (Goal 14, Goal 16 and Goal
17) of the SDGs which is 18%, are remaining to be partially
aligned currently.
Out of the 17 SDGs, Bangladesh has made considerable progress on reducing extreme
poverty, Goal-1, measured by $1.90 a day or by national poverty line. In 2018, the
proportion of population living below the international poverty line (absolute poverty)
was 11.3 % compared to 19.6 % in 2010. On the other hand, the proportion of population
living below the national poverty line was 21.6 % in 2018 as opposed to 31.5 % in 2010.

As per SDGs report of 2018, Bangladesh is

on track on achieving this goal.
Food security and eradication of hunger (SDG 2) is a key development challenge in South Asia and
specially in Bangladesh. Policy action is needed to eradicate extreme poverty to ensure better
access to food and reduce inequality, combat the high levels of anemia and vitamin A deficiency,
extend social protection programmes to improve household incomes and consumption and
increasing smallholder agricultural productivity. But Progress on reducing stunting which stood at
36.1 % in 2014 is virtually on track at the current rate of reduction. Similarly, progress on reducing
wasting which stood at 14.3 % is also on track
The child related indicators under 5 mortality rate (U5MR) refers to 31 per thousand live births
and neo natal mortality rate (NMR) refers to 17 per thousand live births, have already surpassed
or reached their 2020 milestone targets ahead of time! Some of the women related targets, such
as number of medically-trained care providers during child birth, proportion of currently
married women who use modern contraceptive method (59.2%) and women aged 15- 19 years,
are very close to reaching their targets in 2020

Overall female participation in the formal labour

force remains low at 36% compared with 87% for
male.
Gender Parity Index (GPI) exceeded 1 at primary and secondary levels of education and has
remained above 1 for more than a decade and it is fairly expected that it would reach the
2030 achievement goal. The indicators such as, schooling completion rate, Pre-primary
participation rate, literacy rate, school’s access to electricity, technology and sanitization
level, proportion of trained teacher are on the right track but needs improvement and
supervision.
 The proportion of women aged 20-24 years who were married or in a union before age 15 years
stood at 10.70 % and before age 18 years 47 % which registered some decline over time.
 The proportion of female members in the Parliament has been slowly increasing over time
reaching 20.57 % in 2017.
 Bangladesh ranks 48th in global ranking of countries with a score of 0.721 indicating significantly
better performance in promoting women empowerment compared to her South Asian neighbours.
The country is on the track to achieve the SDG on clean water and sanitation. Currently, 87 percent of
the population has access to safe water sources and 61 percent has access to safe sanitation. The WHO
estimates that 97% of the people of Bangladesh have access to water and only 40% percent have
proper sanitation. With a staggering 60% of the population that has to endure unsafe drinking water,
the nation is in danger. Over 80% of the available water is used in agriculture. the Bangladeshi
government is trying to improve the infrastructure to improve rainwater capture and access to safe
drinking water.
Bangladesh is moving steadfastly towards ensuring access of 100 % of poor household (by 2021) to electricity
and its well ahead of the target time in 2025. It reached to 92.2 % in 2019 which was only 55.26 % in 2010. The
proportion of population with access to clean fuels and technology for cooking increased to 19.0 % in 2019.
The combined effect of slow increase in renewable energy and fast increase in non-renewable energy is the
main reason of low share of renewable energy in the total final energy consumption. However, the situation is
improving gradually.
The share of manufacturing value added in GDP in the country has been increasing significantly, exceeding the
2020 milestone in FY2017. The share of manufacturing employment in total employment increased up to 2013
and then leveled off. The proportion of population covered by 2G mobile network has reached close to 100 %,
while the 2020 milestone has already been achieved in June 2019 in case of 3G technology. 4G coverage reached
to 79 % in June 2019. On the contrary, the country is lagging behind in scientific research, sustainable and
resilient infrastructure to support economic development. The road density per 100 square kilometer increased to
14.61 kilo meters in 2017 from 14.41 kilo meters in 2010.
The estimated unemployment rate in Bangladesh, on the other hand, has been closer to
4% for a long time. Recent GED (General Economics Division, Bangladesh Planning
Commission) Survey revealed that the unemployment rate in the country is 3.1 % in
2018. The economic growth has been upward treading. The booming industries of
Bangladesh are Pharmaceutical Sector, Electronics, RMG, ICT, Leather goods, Fisheries
etc. There is a lack of research and innovation in our country. Bangladesh has to finance
and focus a lot more on the indicators of this goal.
The government expects a significant improvement in income inequality from its peak, amid sluggish economic
activities. Gini coefficient is 0.42, it shows income inequality. A disparity of resource distribution among the
population of a country, was found to be all-time high in a measure conducted in 2016. Cultural and traditional factors
heavily influence how women are treated and regarded in Bangladesh. Once married, women, adolescents, and girls
become property of the husbands family. This limits opportunities for schooling, thus perpetuating dependence and
disempowerment. However, Bangladesh has been ranked the top country among its South Asian neighbors by
performing the best in bringing down gender gap. Bangladesh was ranked 139 out of 187 countries on the HDI.
Sustainable cities always focus on the inclusiveness of all level of people and development
activities. But the slum and squatters are one of the major hindrances to achieve sustainable and
inclusive cities and communities in Bangladesh. . Nearly 44 % of the urban population lived in
purely temporary structures and 29 % lived in semi-permanent structures. In Dhaka City, only 60
% of the solid wastes generated daily are collected by the City Corporation.
Food loss occurs due to problems in harvesting, storage, packing, transport, infrastructure or
market / price mechanisms as well as climatic conditions. An estimated 10 % of crop
productivity in Bangladesh is lost during postharvest operations. About 5.5 % of the total
procured food is wasted of which 3 % is wasted during procurement and preparation stage, 1.4
% during serving, and another 1.1 % from the plates. Residents and industries constantly
abuse the city, overconsumption contributes to ecological ruin. A report from 2011 states that
the groundwater level in Dhaka has dropped by 6 metres over a 7-year period.
Bangladesh has made a reasonable progress by approving Disaster Risk Reduction Strategies
of Bangladesh from 2016 to 2020, in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk
Reduction 2015-2030 and other international protocol ratified by the Government of
Bangladesh. Number of deaths, missing persons and directly affected persons attributed to
disasters per 1 lakh population was 12,881 in 2014 with a target of reducing to 6500 by 2020
and 1500 by 2030. Given the track record of Bangladesh in disaster management, this target
should not be difficult to achieve.
In recent times, two marine protected areas have been declared newly. Major success has
been achieved in Hilsa protection with production almost doubling in last 15 years.

The production systems have followed different trends, with explosive growth in aquaculture
over the last 35 years and steady growth in marine capture fisheries, peaking in 2010 at
roughly 7 lakh tons and then averaging 6 lakh tons per year.
Strong implementation is required in order to safeguard the bio-diversity. In order to protect its very
rich bio-diversity, the country has taken many steps under SDG-15, concerning department has
created special bio-diversity zones and created two vulture safe zones. Currently 140,000 ha of land
is under mangrove plantation. Coastal afforestation programme has been accelerated to bring more
lands under afforestation. Besides, Bangladesh currently has 40 Protected Areas in different
locations. The forest coverage of the country now stands at 17.5% which is targeted to increase to
20% by 2020.
Bangladesh has a long way to achieve this goal. Some indicators such as international
homicide per 1 lakh people, conflict related death per 1 lakh population, Proportion of
children with aggression experience, number of arms act case etc are lagging behind. Yet the
number of victims of intentional homicide reduced significantly from baseline values.
Appropriate measures undertaken by the government of Bangladesh contributed significantly
to improving human trafficking and youth mental and physical abuse.
Achieving SDGs will critically depend on the availability of resources including
external resources. The need for enhanced international cooperation and support has
been emphasized for achieving 41 of the 169 targets of SDGs. International community
will have to provide adequate and timely support to Bangladesh to help implement a
comprehensive and all-encompassing development agenda like SDGs 2030.
 Sustainable Development Goals
and
Preparation of Bangladesh to achieve the
goals

Abir Hassan
ID No. 2014241001

Challenges
01 Prospects
02 Summary 03
• The synthesis report of the Key elements for SDGs
Secretary General on the post-
2015 agenda, “The road to
dignity: ending poverty,
transforming all lives and
protecting the planet” was
published in December 2014

• The report presents 5 elements

for delivering on the SDGs which
would help frame and reinforce
the universal, integrated and
transformative nature of a
sustainable development agenda
#1: End poverty in
all its forms
everywhere
 #2: End hunger, achieve food security and
improved nutrition and promote sustainable
agriculture
#2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition
and promote sustainable agriculture

#3: Ensure healthy lives

and promote well-being
for all at all ages
#4: Ensure inclusive and
quality education for all
and promote lifelong
learning
#5: Achieve
gender equality
and empower
women and
girls
#10: Reduce
inequality within and
among countries
To end poverty and
fight inequalities-  Data insufficiency

SDGs 1,2,10  Inseparable

Challenge causation

To ensure healthy s  Neutral causation

lives, knowledge (People)
and the inclusion of  Constraining
women and causation
children-

SDGs 3,4,5
 According to the data gap analysis of GED, data for 70 indicators are
 Data insufficiency readily available, where data for 63 indicators are not available and data
for 108 indicators are only partially available.

 Inseparable Ending all forms of discrimination against women (SDG 5.1) is

inseparable from ensuring women’s full and effective participation and
causation equalopportunities for leadership (SDG 5.5)

Ensuring education for all (SDGs 4.1, 4.2, 4.3) may not interact
 Neutral causation significantly with infrastructure development (SDG 9.1) or
conservation of ocean ecosystems (SDG 14.5).

 Constraining Improved water efficiency (SDG 6.4) can constrain agricultural irrigation
(SDGs 2.3, 2.4). Reducing climate change (SDG13.1) can constrain the
causation options for energy access (SDG 7.1)
#6: Ensure access to
water and sanitation for
all
#7: Ensure access to
affordable, reliable,
sustainable and
modern energy for
all
#8: Promote inclusive and
sustainable economic
growth, employment and
decent work for all
#9: Build resilient
infrastructure,
promote sustainable
industrialization
and foster
innovation
#11: Make cities
inclusive, safe,
resilient and
sustainable
#12: Ensure sustainable
consumption and
production patterns
 If cost of implementation  Achieving most of the
for each goal is estimated goals will depend on
separately, total cost will SDG8 which aims to
overestimate the actual
cost of implementation. (Challenges achieve decent job and
sustainable and inclusive
) growth of the economy.
Prosperity - To grow a
strong, inclusive and
transformative economy –

SDGs 6,7,8,9,11,12
 Satisfaction of one  Sustainable development
impairs or precludes the means to balance a variety
satisfaction of others. of needs and goals.
#13: Take urgent action
to combat climate
change and its impacts
#14: Conserve
and sustainably
use the oceans,
seas and marine
resources
#15: Sustainably manage forests,
combat desertification, halt and
reverse land degradation,
halt biodiversity loss
 The world’s cities occupy
just 3 per cent of the
Earth’s land, but account
for 60-80% of energy
consumption and 75% of
(Challenges
carbon emissions )
Planet - To protect our
ecosystems for all societies
and our children –

SDGs 13,14,15  Counteracting causation-

Boosting consumption for
growth (SDG 8.4) can
counteract waste reduction
(SDG 12.5) and climate
mitigation (13.3)
Framework of sustainability

Economy

Ecology Society

‘Triple-bottom line’ model ‘Hierarchical’ model

#16: Promote just, peaceful
and inclusive
societies
 Role of informal or
non-conventional
institutions in
development (Challenges)

Peace - To promote safe

and peaceful societies
and strong institutions –

SDG 16

 Pockets of efficient
but inappropriate
informal institutions
Mechanism of institutions
 The framework, proposed by Lant Pritchett, Kunal Sen and Eric Wrecker, relates to the
idea of ‘deals space’.

• Deals (informal), in contrast to rules (formal), among the political and economic
elites, are prevalent in the developing countries.

• Deals can be open (access is open to all) or closed (access is restricted), and also
can be ordered (deals are respected) or disordered (deals are not respected).

• Countries are likely to exhibit high growth when deals are open and ordered
 In contrast to many other comparable countries of
Asia and Africa at the similar stage of development,
Bangladesh has been successful in creating some
efficient pockets of 'growth-enhancing' informal
institutions against an overall distressing picture of Pockets of
formal institutions. Institutions
 Examples of ‘pockets of efficient nonconventional
or informal institutions’ in Bangladesh

•Well-functioning privileges and arrangements

for the RMG sector
•Promotion of labor exports
•Agricultural research and development
related to food security
•Microfinance
POCKETS OF HOW
INSTITUTIONS
Open Disordered
Deals
Despite the achievements so far, the
fundamental question is whether
Bangladesh can continue its success and
achieve larger development goals with the
business as usual processes. Background

Two historical events

There are concerns that the weak 1. The liberation War of 1971
institutional capacity of the country may
work as a binding constraint as the 2. The 1974 famine
country eyes to meet the stiff targets of
the SDGs by 2030.
#17: Revitalize the
global partnership
for sustainable
development
 (CHALLENGES)
Partnership - To catalyze global solidarity for
sustainable development

SDG 17  Infrastructural development and entitlement

failure
 Quality of growth: employment, poverty, inequality

 A weak financial sector

 Weak state capacity in revenue generation

 Competitive democratic politics vs. dominant party

 Implementation of SDGs
require evidence based
quantitative indicators.

 There are silo’ed

indicators, meaning they
measure progress of a
single goal.

 There are integrated

indicators, meaning those
that measures multiple
thematic achievements.
 Synchronization of goals
SDG1 SDG2 SDG3 SDG4 SDG5 SDG6 SDG7 SDG8 SDG9 SDG10 SDG11 SDG12 SDG13 SDG14 SDG15 SDG16 SDG17
SDG1 Own Correlated
SDG2 Own Correlated
SDG3 Own
SDG4 Own Correlated
SDG5 Own
SDG6 Own
SDG7 Own Correlated
SDG8 Correlated Own
SDG9 Correlated Correlated Own Correlated
SDG10 Own Correlated
SDG11 Correlated Own
SDG12 Correlated Own Correlated
SDG13 Correlated Own
SDG14 Correlated Correlated Own Correlated
SDG15 Correlated Own
SDG16 Correlated Own Correlated
SDG17 Own
Each goal
is
important
in itself …
Each goal And they
is are all
important connected
in itself …