STAIRCASE

SUBMITTED BY :
ANMOL
YOGESH
SAHIL
STAIR
A stair is a system of steps
by which people and objects
may pass from one level of a
building to another.
A stair is to be designed to
span large vertical distance
by dividing it into smaller
vertical distance, called
steps.

STAIRCASE

STAIRCASE
A set of stairs is known as a
staircase

STAIR
 COMPONENTS OF STAIRCASE

BALUSTER- It is a vertical member of wood or metal

supporting the hand rail

HANDRAIL-The inclined rail over the string is called

handrail

NEWEL POST- This is the vertical member which is

placed at the ends of flights to connect handrails.

SCOTIA- It is the stair MOULDING provided under the

nosing to improve the elevation of the step

WAIST-The thickness of structural slab in case of an RCC

stair is known as waist

NOSING-The projecting part of the tread beyond the face

of the riser .
STEP- It is a portion of stairs which provide ascent or
descent

TREAD- It is the upper horizontal portion of a step

upon which the feet is placed

RISER- It is a vertical portion between two successive

tread providing support to the tread

GOING- It is the horizontal distance between two

successive riser faces.

FLIGHT- A series of steps without any platform,

break or landing.

LANDING-It is a level platform at the top or bottom

of a flight between two floors.

PITCH- It is the angle with the line of nosing of the

stairs make with the horizontal
LINE OF NOSING- An imaginary line
touching each tread and is parallel to the slope
of the stair

RUN- it is the total length of stairs in a

horizontal plane

HEADROOM- it is the minimum distance

between the tread and ceiling. MIN. headroom
2.032 m

STRING OR STRINGERS- these are sloping

wooden member which support the steps in a
stair. They run along the slope of the stair.

BALUSTRADE- the combine framework of

handrail and baluster .
 CLASSIFICATION OF STAIRS
A. GEOMETRY B. MATERIALS
• Straight stairs • Brick stairs
• Turning stairs • Metal stairs
1. Quarter turn stairs • R.C.C stair
2. Half turn stairs • Timber stair
 Doglegged stairs • Stone stair
 Newel stairs
3. Three quarter turn stairs
4. Spiral stairs
5. Geometrical stairs
 STRAIGHT STAIRS
• All steps lead in one direction
• Consist of one or more flight
• They are used when space
available for staircase is long but
narrow in width
• The width and the length of the
landing should be equal
STAIRS OF DIFFERENT
MATERIALS
 Brick stairs
 Wooden stairs
 Stone stairs
 R.C.C stairs
 Metal stairs :
 External fire escape stairs are made
of metals
 Cast iron bronze and mild steel
 Not common in public and
residential buildings
 Used in factories go downs
workshops etc
• The external fire-escape stairs are generally made of metal.
• The common metals used are cast iron, bronze and mild steel.
• Used only as emergency stairs…..not common in residential and public building.
• Mostly used in factories, godowns, workshops etc.

THE IMPORTANT FEATURES OF METAL STAIRS:

1. Stringers are usually of channel section.
2. Tread and riser of a step may be of one unit.
3. The tread and riser of a step may be of separate units.

Types of metals used :

 Aluminum 
 Steel
 Galvanized iron

Aluminum  Steel Galvanized iron

 CASE STUDY 1
METAL STAIRCASE
Introduction
Baluster Stick - Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
• Stair case is made of mild steel
staircase
• Location: AP goyal university
girls hostel
• It is made of square section and l –
section
0.95m

Tread and riser

Commonly referred to as Stick, the shielded metal arc
welding is a process that uses an electrode to carry
0.4m(tread) Types of sections used: electric current in order to be able to provide most of the
weld metal. The electrode used for this method consists of
a core wire that is coded influx and the electric arc is
0.15m • L – section(0.5m) created when the tip of the electrode that is the work piece
• I – section(0.15m) and is withdrawn while still remaining in close contact in
(riser) • Square – section(0.5m) order to generate temperatures of about 6500°F.
• Rectangular section(0.6*0.2m)
Tread : 0.40m • C – section(0.10m)
Riser : 0.15m Landing
Baluster height : 0.95m Covering is welded
String width : 0.2m
• Mild steel anti slippery sheet
Hand rail (width) : 0.6m
• 4-6mm thickness
Nosing : 0.02m 1.5m