BASIC CONCEPT

OF DISASTER AND
DISASTER RISK
BASIC CONCEPT OF DISASTER AND DISASTER RISK

1 CONCEPT OF DISASTER

2 CONCEPT OF DISASTER RISK

3 NATURE OF DISASTER

4 EFFECTS OF DISASTER
CONCEPT OF DISASTER
Why is the Philippines one of
the world’s
disaster-prone countries?
 Natural
Phenomenon

Vulnerability
of
Populations
Exposed
PACIFIC RING OF FIRE
EDGE OF PACIFIC OCEAN
When Does a Hazard
Becomes a Disaster?
 DISASTER
HAZARD (with victims and
TSUNAMI (if it poses a destruction or
threat to people) damage all over
the place)
 CONCEPT OF
DISASTER RISK
 ELEMENTS OF DISASTER RISK

The risk of losing lives or causing injury to

people and of losing damage or property due
to a hazard increases as the levels of exposure
and vulnerability (Disaster Risk = function
(Hazard Exposure; Vulnerability) It seeks not
only to express the chance of the disaster
happening but also to quantify the impact.
ESTIMATING
DISASTER
RISK
Disaster is a function
of hazard,
vulnerability and
exposure
As the disaster risk model implies, the
magnitude of the disaster depends on:
1) the severity of natural event
2) the quantity of exposure of the
elements at risk which includes lives and
properties, and
3) vulnerability level or quality of
exposure. The model can be expressed as:

Disaster Risk = Hazard x Exposure x Vulnerability

According to this formula if there are no
hazard then the risk is null (the same if
population or vulnerability is null). Other
models include counteracting measures as
variables in estimating disaster risk. For its
simplicity the model is used by UNDP and is
adapted by many, in assessing risk
THE OCCURRENCE OF NATURAL DISASTES LIKE:

EARTHQUAKE VOLCANIC ERUPTION

CANNOT BE
PREVENTED
BUT REDUCIMG
EXPOSURE AND
VULNERABILITY CAN
MINIMIZE THEIR IMPACT
 THE LEVEL OF VULNERABILITY
AND EXPOSURE CAN BE
REDUCED BY KEEPING PEOPLE
AND PROPERTY AWAY AS FAR AS
POSSIBLE FROM HAZARDS
RELOCATING PEOPLE TO REDUCE
VULNERABILITY AND EXPOSURE
RELOCATION MUST COME HAND IN HAND WITH OTHER MITIGATION AND
PREPAREDNESS MEASURES

PEOPLE ARE RESISTIVE TO RELOCATION AND IT IS A QUITE CHALLENGE

UPROOTING AND MOVING THEM TO OTHER PLACES
POOR PEOPLE ARE THE MOST VULNERABLE, WHO ARE FORCED TO LIVE IN
UNSAFE AREAS NEAR VOLCANOES, FLOOD-PRONE SITES, AND STEEP
HILLSIDES
PEOPLE TEND TO TURN A BLIND-EYE AS THEY ARE CPMFORTED BY THE FACT
THAT THE RISK OF DEATH IS LOWER COMPARED WITH THAT FROM
ACCIDENTS
NATURE AND
EFFECTS OF
DISASTER
 CHARACTERISTICS OF DISASTER
Inherently unexpected or
Cannot be manage through Create demands beyond the
come quickly with little or Knows no political boundary
normal means capacity of government
no warning

Requires restructured and Creates new tasks and Renders inutile routine Worsens confusion in
new responding requires more people as emergency response understanding roles of
organizations disaster responders equipment and facilities people and organizations

Exposes lack of disaster

planning, response and
coordination. Inexperienced
disaster organizations often
fail to see what their proper
roles are
IMPACTS OF DISASTERS
Disasters often
result from the
failure to
anticipate the
timing and
enormity of
natural hazards.
 MEDICAL EFFECTS

The medical effects of

disasters include
traumatic injuries,
emotional stress,
epidemic diseases and
indigenous diseases
DAMAGE TO CRITICAL FACILITIES
Widespread disasters can
destroy a damage facilities that
may be critical not only in
maintaining a safe environment
and public order, but also in
responding to disaster. Among
these are communication
installations, electrical
generating and transmission
facilities, hospitals, water
facilities (storage, purifications,
and pumping), and other public
and private buildings
DISRUPTION OF TRANSPORTATION

During initial stages of a disaster, almost all

surface means of transportation within a
community are disrupted by broken bridges, roads
and streets that are renderes impassable by
landslides or floods.
ECONOMIC IMPACT
As a result of of the destruction and
damage to critical facilities,
especially to transportation and
communication facilities, disasters
disrupt economies as normal
business operations and other
economic activities are curtailed.
People must also leave their jobs and
devote their time to disaster-related
activities, such as search and
rescue, or to caring for survivors.
 GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
There is increasing evidence of global
climatic change brought about by
both human activity and disasters.
Although the long-range
consequences are hard to predict,
more severe cyclonic storms, an
increase in both flooding and drought,
and a trend towards desertification
cannot be ruled out. The changes
could result in a wide range of more
hazards such as wildfires and
mudslides, reduced productivity in the
oceans, and weakend immune
systems of people and animals.
SOCIAL AND POLITICAL IMPACT
As a large segment of the
population in developing
countries consists the poor, who
are the most vulnerable whenever
a disaster strikes, these countries
are the most affected. The poor
are the most prone to disasters
like earthquakes and typhoons
because of the structures they
live in which are unreinforced and
poorly built.
These are also often located in
marginal lands. When disasters happen,
social and political inequities are
usually exposed, which may lead to
major political and social changes. One
example is the formation of the state of
Bangladesh from Pakistan. The
breakway was triggered by a disaster
from a tropical cyclone and storm surge
which exposed inequities in the
treatment of East Pakistan by the more
affluent West Pakistan
e
 JOHN WILSON J. CABUTIN
615 Callejon St. Interior Bagbag, Novaliches, Quezon
City
Number: 09097339261
Email: johnwilson_cabutin@y­aho­o.com
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Birthday: May 30, 2002
Birthplace: Mogpog, Marinduque
Age: 17 years old
Height: 5’7
Weight: 46 kg
Nationality: Filipino
Religion: Christian
 CRISTIAN M. COPIO

#120 St. Brgy. Sauyo, Novaliches, Quezon City

Number: 09477270763

Email: cristian.copio15@yahoo.com

PERSONAL BACKGROUND

Birthday: July 15, 2002

Birthplace: Metro Manila

Age: 18 years old

Height: 5’6

Weight: 63 kg

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

 GERALD O. GABALES

#160 Lagkitan Street Baragay Sauyo, Novaliches, Quezon

City

Number: 09062841784

Email: gabalesgerald1@gmail.com

PERSONAL BACKGROUND

Birthday: January 03, 2002

Birthplace: Sorsogon City, Sorsogon

Age: 17 years old

Height: 5’4

Weight: 40 kg

Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

 JERICHO P. MANABAT
#20 Pascual Street Baragay Sauyo, Novaliches, Quezon
City
Number: 09774801240
Email: manabat_jericho@yahoo.com
Personal Background
Birthday: November 03, 2001
Birthplace: Novaliches, Quezon City
Age: 17 years old
Height: 5’5
Weight: 46 kg
Nationality: Filipino

Religion: Roman Catholic

 RICA JANE A. MATEO
#37 Sarmiento Compound Zytek Extension Brgy. Pasong
Tamo District 6 Quezon City
Number: 09568053051
Email: ricajane_mateo@yahoo.com
Personal Background
Birthday: November 05, 2001
Birthplace: Quezon City
Age: 17 years old
Height: 5’4
Weight: 46 kg
Nationality: Filipino
Religion: Roman Catholic
THANK YOU