World Trade: An Overview

The world merchandise exports grew from US$ 59 billion in

1948 to US$ 13.57 trillion in 2007, and imports grew from US$
62 billion to US$ 13.94 trillion during the same period.

The exports of services grew more rapidly compared to

merchandise exports from US$ 390.8 billion in 1980 to US$ 3.26
trillion in 2007 whereas during the same period, imports rose
from US$ 431.8 billion in 1980 to US$ 3.06 trillion in 2007.
Composition of World Trade (2007)

Commercial
Services
19.4%

M erchandise
80.6%
Direction of World Merchandise Exports
(2007)
S o uth a nd C e ntra l
Am e ric a
3.7% Afric a
C IS
3.7% 3.1%

M iddle Ea s t
Euro pe
5.3%
42.5%

No rth Am e ric a
13.7%

As ia
28.0%
Direction of World Merchandise Imports
(2007)

South and Central

CIS
America
2.7%
3.3% Africa
Middle East
2.5% Europe
3.3%
43.4%

North America
19.4%

Asia
25.3%
Patterns of World Merchandise Exports

100%

80%

60%
Percentage

40%

20%

0%
1980

1995

2000
1965

1970

2002

2005

2006
Years

Food Items Agricultural raw materials Ores, metals and precious stones Fuels Manufactured goods
Composition of World Merchandise Exports
(2006)

Clo t hing
Textiles Fuels
3 .0 %
Aut o mo t ive p ro d ucts 2 .1% 17.2 %
9 .8 % Ores & minerals
1.9 %
Ag ricult ural Pro d uct s Iro n & St eel
9 .2 % 3 .6 %

No n-ferro us metals
3 .0 %
Ot her machinery
Ot her chemicals
14 .0 %
9 .1%

Pharmaceut icals
Scientific and co nt ro lling
3 .0 % ins trument s
2 .3 %
Ot her s emi M anufactures Office & t eleco m eq uip ment
7.7% 14 .1%
 Direction of World Commercial
Services Exports (2007)
Africa
2.6% Middle Eas t
2.4%
So uth &Central
America CIS
2.8% 2.0%

No rth America
16.4%
Euro pe
51.0%

As ia
22.9%
Direction of World Commercial
Services Imports (2007)

South &Central America Africa

3.2% 3.2%

Middle Eas t CIS

4.1% 2.9% Euro pe
46.8%

No rth America
14.4%

As ia
25.4%
Composition of World Exports of
Commercial Services (2007)
T ransport
22.8%

Other Commercial
Services
50.8%

T ravel
26.5%
 US$ (billion)

50000

0
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
1949-50
1951-52
1953-54
1955-56
1957-58
1959-60
1961-62
1963-64
1965-66
1967-68
1969-70
1971-72
1973-74
1975-76
1977-78
1979-80

Years
1981-82

Exports (including re-exports)

1983-84
1985-86
1987-88
Imports

1989-90
1991-92
1993-94
1995-96
India's Foreign Trade

1997-98
1999-2000
2001-02
2003-04
2005-06
2007-08*
Composition of India's External Trade
(2006-07)

Services, 27.4%

Merchandise,
72.6%
Direction of India's Trade : Exports

140000
120000
100000
US$ (Million)

80000
60000
40000
20000
0

2006-07*
1987-88

1991-92

1993-94

1995-96

1997-98

1999-00

2001-02

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06
Years

OECD countries OPEC Eastern Europe Developing countries Others / unspecified

Direction of India's Trade : Imports
200000.0
180000.0
160000.0
140000.0
US$ Million

120000.0
100000.0
80000.0
60000.0
40000.0
20000.0
0.0

2001-02

2006-07*
1987-88

1991-92

1993-94

1995-96

1997-98

1999-00

2003-04

2004-05

2005-06
Years

OECD countries OPEC Eastern Europe Developing countries Others / unspecified

Composition of India's Export

120.0

0.1
1.7 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.4
100.0 4.2 2.7
4.8
2.0
4.9 8.5 11.5 15.0
1.5
17.9

80.0
Percentage

60.0 80.7
78.0 76.1 76.6 74.3 72.0 68.6 67.4
40.0

20.0 2.5 2.6 2.9 3.8 5.5 5.2 4.8 4.0

15.2 13.5 13.5 12.8 10.5 10.2 10.3 9.3
0.0
2000-01

2001-02

2002-03

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08*
1999-2000

Years

Agriculture &allied products Ores & Minerals Manufactured Goods Crude & Petroleum Products Others & Unclassified items
Composition of India's Imports
100 3.8 4.0 2.5
8.1
18.3 19.9
90 22.1 22.7

80
43.7 43.8
48.3 40.4
70
32.8 29.8
30.3 28.2
60
Percentage

50
11.0 15.8 15.4 13.2
12.0 11.4 12.1 13.0
40 0.9
1.5 0.6
1.6 0.6
0.9
2.8 0.9
1.3 0.7
1.0 0.6
1.3 1.9
0.7
1.1
30

27.4 33.2 29.5 30.7 29.6 32.1 33.2 33.6

20

10
5.8 3.7 4.5 4.6 3.5 2.5 2.9 2.2
0
1999-2000

2007-08*
2000-01

2001-02

2002-03

2004-05

2005-06

2006-07
Years

Food and allied products Fuel Fertilizers Paper board, manufactures & newsprint Capit al goods Ot hers Unclassified items
Composition of India’s Service Exports
(2007-08) **

T ravel, 12.9
Miscellaneous*, T ransportation,
28.1 10.8

Insurance, 1.8

G.N.I.E., 0.4

Soft ware, 46.0

** Provisional, * Excluding Software Services

G.N.I.E- Government Not Included Elsewhere
 India’s Trade Balance
10000

-10000

-20000
US$ (M illion )

-30000

-40000

-50000

-60000

-70000
Years