FLOODED

EVAPORATORS
AND
DRY EXPANSION
EVAPORATORS
SUBMITTED BY:
HANS WILSON C
MECHANICAL DEPT
ME03913
FLOODED EVAPORATORS:

 Constant liquid refrigerant level is always maintained.

 Float control valve is used as expansion device –maintains cont.

liquid level in evaporator

 Accumulator (surge drum or surge tank)-storage tank for liquid

refrigerant.

 Accumulator maintains const. liquid level in evaporator & separate

liquid refrigerant from vapour returning to compressor.

FLOODED EVAPORATOR
WORKING

 Due to heat supplied by the substance to be cooled , the liquid

refrigerant in evaporator coil vaporizes and liquid level falls.

 Accumulator supplies more liquid to evaporator to keep liquid

refrigerant at proper level.

 Level of liquid refrigerant in the accumulator also falls down.

 Float falls down and opens the float valve.

 As the liquid level in the accumulator reaches to const. level float

control valve closes.

CONTINUATION….
 Evaporator is completely filled with liquid refrigerant therefore
vapour refrigerant from evaporator is not superheated but in
saturated condition.

 Liquid refrigerant trapped in accumulator is re-circulated through

evaporator.

 Liquid flow from accumulator to evaporator coil is by gravity.

 Vapour formed by vaporising liquid in coil being lighter ,rise up

and passes to top of accumulator & supplied to suction side of
compressor.

 Baffle plate in accumulator arrests any liquid present in vapour.

ADVANTAGES
 Whole surface of evaporator coil is in contact with liquid
refrigerant under all load condition . Thus high heat transfer rates
than a dry expansion evaporator of same size.

DISADVANTAGES

 Flooded evaporators is more expensive to operate because it

requires more refrigerant charge.
DRY EXPANSION EVAPORATORS

 Little refrigerant as compared to flooded evaporator having same

coil volume.

 Usually only one-fourth to one-third filled with liquid refrigerant.

 Bare-tube dry expansion and Finned coil dry expansion

evaporators are available.

 Refrigerant does not recirculate within evaporator as in flooded

evaporator.
DRY EXPANSION EVAPORATOR
COOLING LOAD ON COOLING LOAD ON
EVAPORATOR IS LIGHT EVAPORATOR IS HEAVY
WORKING
 In dry expansion evaporators , liquid refrigerant from receiver is fed
by expansion valve.

 Expansion valve controls the rate of flow of liquid refrigerant.

 Vapour is superheated to limited extent.

 Rate of liquid refrigerant fed to evaporator depends upon rate of

vaporization.

 When the cooling load on evaporator is light ,quantity of liquid

refrigerant in evaporator is small.

 When liquid refrigerant passes through expansion valve ,some vapour

is formed.
 CONTINUATION…….
 Flash gas causes bubbles in evaporator.

 As more refrigerant vaporises , bubbles get larger .If coil diameter is small bubble
cause dry areas on interior wall of coil.

 Dry areas reduce rate of heat transfer, thus reduce evaporator efficiency decrease.

 If cooling load on evaporator is heavy , expansion valve allows larger quantity of

liquid refrigerant in order to accommodate the heavy load.

 The liquid and vapour separate, liquid refrigerant flows along bottom of coil and
vapour rises towards the top ,its efficiency increases

 Efficiency depends upon diameter of evaporator tubes, quantity of refrigerant,

velocity of liquid refrigerant within evaporator coil.
THANKYOU………..