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ASPECTS OF WORLD ECONOMY
1. World economy as a global unity

2. World economy as an antipode of two economies

3. World economy as scope of national economies

MAIN ELEMENTS OF WORLD
ECONOMY
Global market of commodities and services

Global scale movement of production factors:

1) global market of capital and investments,
2) global labor force market

International monetary system

International economic organizations

STEPS OF DEVELOPMENT OF
WORLD ECONOMY
1. until Roman empire (including)

2. until 18th century

3. contemporary period (with accelerated development since the middle of 70`s of

20th century)
 DIVISION OF LABOUR
I
Natural 1) by age,
2) by gender

Social 1) separation of farming from

husbandry,
2) separation of craft from
farming,
3) separation of trade from craft,
4) separation of usury from trade
5)...
DIVISION OF LABOUR
II
Technical

International
1) natural specialization
2) random specialization,
3) forced specialization
 WORLD ECONOMY
DEVELOPMENT:
FIRST STEP I
Process Development of commodities-money
relationship, appearance of
commerce, international economic
relations,
natural specialization

1) satisfaction of needs,
Aim
2) enlargement of territories

craftsmanship
Background to
achieve the aim
WORLD ECONOMY
DEVELOPMENT:
FIRST STEP II
Result
Developed exchange,
accompanying
phenomenons–
usury, money
exchange

Until the collapse of

Time framework Roman empire
WORLD ECONOMY
DEVELOPMENT:
SECOND STEP I
Process
International division of labour,
forced specialization

Aim World repartition, creation of

colonial system

Background to achieve the

aim Industrial production
(capitalistic factory)
WORLD ECONOMY
DEVELOPMENT:
SECOND STEP II
Result Appearance of world
wide market,
appearance of
commodities
exchanges

Time framework Until 18th century

WORLD ECONOMY
DEVELOPMENT:
THIRD STEP I
Process
1) Economic integration– on the
level of States,
2) transnationalization – on the
level of enterprises
Aim

Profit rate,
Background to competitiveness
achieve the aim

Internationalization of production
and capital
WORLD ECONOMY
DEVELOPMENT:
THIRD STEP II
Result United world economy,
international
organizations

Nowadays, accelerated
Time framework since 70`s of 20th
century, especially
rapid since 80`s
MODERN WORLD ECONOMY
World economy is a system in uninterrupted development, which appeared as a result of
competition of international exchange networks.
More and more agents are involved a race for the access to limited resources.
 T
LD A S F
R Y O
O M ON
. W N O T I D
2 O SI R L
C O
E PP W IE O S
O O OM
W
T ON
E C
EUROPE AS A NON-UNIFIED
SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENTITY
Western European industrially developed countries,
Central and Eastern Europe:
 Eastern Germany,
 Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia,
 Baltic States,
Eastern part of Eastern Europe
 A
LD AS
R
O M Y
. W O F
3 ON E O L
C P
E O ON IE A S
C
S ATI OM
N ON
E C
CRITERIA OF CHARACTERIZING
NATIONAL ECONOMY
Territorial geographic conditions

Inhabitants

Level of technological development

CLASSIFICATION OF ECONOMIC
SYSTEMS
I1. by the Tradition
mechanism of
coordination
Market
between the
elements of the
system Order
CLASSIFICATION OF ECONOMIC
SYSTEMS II
2. by the form of Private property as
ownership the main form

Public property as
the main form

Mixed economy
ELEMENTS FOR COMPARING THE SYSTEMS

Power

Problem of bureaucracy

Centralization - decentralization

Competition