FACING AND

SURVIVING
HAZARDOUS EVENTS
Quebec Squad
 COMMON NATURAL DISASTERS IN THE
PHILIPPINES
• The Philippines is one of the most high-risk countries in the
world for experiencing natural disasters. The list of possible
natural disasters includes earthquakes, floods, mudslides,
typhoons, and volcanic eruptions.
EARTHQUAKE
Earthquakes, also called temblors, can be so
tremendously destructive that it’s hard to
imagine they occur by the thousands every
day around the world, usually in the form of
small tremors.
FLOODS
Flooding is a temporary overflow of water onto land that is normally
dry. Floods are the most common natural disaster in the Philippines..
Failing to evacuate flooded areas or entering flood waters can lead to
injury or death.
Floods may:
 Result from rain, coastal storms, storm surges and overflows of
dams and other water systems.
 Develop slowly or quickly. Flash floods can come with no warning.
 Cause outages, disrupt transportation, damage buildings and create
landslides.
LANDSLIDES
Landslides are caused by disturbances in the
natural stability of a slope. They can
accompany heavy rains or follow droughts,
earthquakes, or volcanic eruptions.
MUDSLIDES
Mudslides develop when water rapidly
accumulates in the ground and results in a
surge of water-saturated rock, earth, and
debris. Mudslides usually start on steep
slopes and can be activated by natural
disasters.
TYPHOON
A typhoon is a type of large storm system
having a circular or spiral system of violent
winds, typically hundreds of kilometers or
miles in diameter. The winds spiral around
a region of low atmospheric pressure.
VOLCANIC ERUPTION
Volcanic eruptions happen when lava and
gas are discharged from a volcanic vent.
The most common consequences of this are
population movements as large numbers of
people are often forced to flee the moving
lava flow.
MAN MADE DISASTERS
• Man-made disasters have an element of human intent, negligence
or error involving a failure of a man-made system, as opposed to
natural disasters resulting from natural hazards. Such man-made
disasters are crime, arson, civil disorder, terrorism, war, biological
/ chemical threat, cyber-attacks, etc.
COMMON MAN MADE DISASTERS:
Gas Leaks
 Gas leaks tend to be some of the most dangerous disasters,
because they seem innocuous until it’s too late. Gas can directly
and indirectly poison people and the environment — spreading
rapidly, being unobserved, potentially igniting, causing death. 

Oil Spills
 Oil spills are some of the most familiar man-made disasters,
devastating to people, the environment, animals and global
socioeconomics.
Nuclear Meltdown
 While nuclear energy is clean and sustainable, the
consequences of a meltdown can be devastating and wide
reaching.

Industrial Fires
 Fires may be natural or man-made, depending on what
originally caused the disaster. Lightning may cause a natural
fire, but leaked gas or faulty mechanical equipment is
considered a man-made cause.
 GENERAL
PREPARATIONS FOR
ALL NATURAL
Lets gear up! DISASTERS
  Water (one gallon per person
per day for at least three days,
for drinking and sanitation)
 Food (at least a three-day
 GO BAG supply of non-perishable food)
 Battery-powered or hand crank
A basic emergency radio and a NOAA Weather
supply kit could Radio with tone alert
include the following  Flashlight
recommended items:  First aid kit
 Extra batteries
 Whistle (to signal for help)
 Dust mask (to help filter
contaminated air)
 Plastic sheeting and duct
tape (to shelter in place)
 Moist towelettes, garbage
bags and plastic ties (for
personal sanitation)
 Wrench or pliers (to turn off
utilities)
 Manual can opener (for food)
 Local maps
 Cell phone with chargers
and a backup battery
  Disaster Plan

• Make a plan today. Your family may not be together if a disaster strikes, so
it is important to know which types of disasters could affect your area.
Know how you’ll contact one another and reconnect if separated. Establish
a family meeting place that’s familiar and easy to find.
 Disaster Plan
•Step 1: • Step 3:
Fill out a Family Emergency Plan.
Put a plan together by
discussing questions with
your family, friends or • Step 4:
household to start your Practice your plan with your
emergency plan. family/household.
•Step 2:
Consider specific needs in
your household.
  Disaster Plan
Plan for the Plan what to do in
Include Common
emergencies that are case you are
Emergency Scenarios 1 2
most likely to happen separated during an
When You Plan
where you live emergency

Plan what to do if you 4

Plan for everyone in 5
Plan to let loved ones
have to evacuate your home know you’re safe
 PREPARE YOURSELF AND YOUR FAMILY
1. Make sure you have a disaster plan
2. Familiarize yourself with the warning signs
3. Listen to emergency radio and latest news report about the status of the
calamity and your community
4. Prepare a bag that have first aid kit, extra battery for your radio, foods
that are accessible, extra clothes
5. If your area is flood prone secure all your important things and
document to a place or a section in your house that is not easy to be
flooded
SKILLS AND CAPABILITIES
• You need medical skills
• You need a working knowledge of food and water
storage/safety and sanitation
• You need excellent coping and stress management skills.
• You need crisis and trauma counseling skills. You also
need to be a great listener.
• You need to know alternative means of communication.
SKILLS AND CAPABILITIES

• You need to speak more than one language

• You need technical skills. Media skill are especially
valuable
• You need basic survival skills and low expectations
• You need training and you need to join an
organization
• You need to view this as an investment
 1. Be mindful of the different kinds of disasters so that
you can always be prepared.
2. Try not to panic
3. Know your limits.
4. Act: Physically prepare and rehearse your plan.
10 Emergency 5. Learn how to do more with less.
Preparedness 6. Keep it simple.
7. Create mobile emergency for your family.
Survival Tips: 8. Be aware of your local threats both natural and
manmade.
9. Do the W.I.S.E. (Working to Innovate Safety
Education) thing.
10. Revisit your plan.
BASIC FIRST
AID SKILLS
Basic First Aid for Cardiac Arrest
• Command someone to call 911 or the medical alert system for the locale.
• Immediately start chest compressions regardless of your training. Compress
hard and fast in the center of the chest, allowing recoil between
compressions. Hand this task over to those who are trained if and when they
arrive.
• If you are trained, use chest compressions and rescue breathing.
•  An AED should be applied and used. But
• it is essential not to delay chest
• compressions, so finding one should
• be commanded to someone else while
• you are doing chest compressions.
Basic First Aid for Bleeding

• Cover the wound with a gauze or a cloth.

• Apply direct pressure to stop the blood flow.
• Don't remove the cloth. Add more layers if
needed. The cloth will help clots form to stop the
flow.
Basic First Aid for Burns
• Flush the burned area with cool running water for
several minutes. Do not use ice.
• Apply a light gauze bandage.
• Do not apply ointments, butter, or oily remedies to the
burn.
• Take ibuprofen or acetaminophen for pain relief if
necessary.
• Do not break any blisters that may have formed.
Basic First Aid for Blisters
• Whether or not a blister needs any treatment is
debatable. If the blister is small, unbroken and not
very painful, it is probably best to leave it alone.
Cover it to prevent continued rubbing and
pressure on it that can cause it to swell more and
possibly burst on its own.
Basic First Aid for Blisters
• If the blister is large or painful—especially if the activity
isn’t finished (such as you are in the middle of a hike)—
follow steps to drain and dress a blister:
• Use a sterilized needle and make small punctures at the
edge of the blister.
• Express the fluid.
• Then apply antibiotic ointment.
• Cover it to protect it from further rubbing and pressure.
Basic First Aid for Fractures
• Take these steps for a suspected fracture:
• Don't try to straighten it.
• Stabilize the limb using a splint and padding to keep it
immobile.
• Put a cold pack on the injury, avoiding placing ice directly
on the skin.
• Elevate the extremity.
• Give anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen or naproxen.
Basic First Aid for Sprains
• The symptoms of a sprain are almost exactly the same
as that of a broken bone. When in doubt, first aid for
sprains should be the same as broken bones. Immobilize
the limb, apply a cold pack, elevate it, and take anti-
inflammatory drugs. See your doctor for further
diagnosis and treatment.
Basic First Aid for Nosebleeds
• Lean slightly forward, not back.
• Pinch the nose just below the bridge. Don't pinch the
nostrils closed by pinching lower.
• Check after five minutes to see if bleeding has stopped.
If not, continue pinching and check after another 10
minutes.
• You can also apply a cold pack to the bridge of the nose
while pinching.
DURING DISASTERS:
 Stay at home
 Obey evacuation orders if needed
 Be updated to any news reports
 Always make sure that family
members are complete
 Stay connected with your family
using phones if separated or use
signals that your family only
knows.
AFTER DISASTERS:
 Make sure that all family
members are safe
 Check if anyone got injured
 Before going outside make
sure that it is already safe and
know the latest news update
about the calamity
If your community has been hit by a natural disaster, you’re
probably trying to make sense of what happened and deal with
the stress of the situation. These events create a tremendous
amount of stress and anxiety for those directly and indirectly
affected. In the days and weeks following the disaster, you
may begin to have some of these common reactions:
Common Reactions:
• Disbelief and shock
• Fear and anxiety about the future
• Disorientation; difficulty making decisions or
concentrating
• Apathy and emotional numbing
• Nightmares and reoccurring thoughts about the event
• Irritability and anger
• Sadness and depression
Common Reactions:
• Feeling powerless
• Changes in eating patterns; loss of appetite or overeating
• Crying for “no apparent reason”
• Headaches, back pains and stomach problems
• Difficulty sleeping or falling asleep
• Increased use of alcohol and drugs
Coping After Disastrous
Event
 Here are
some tips
for coping
in these
difficult
times
 Talk about it.
 Spend time with friends and family.
 Take care of yourself.
 Limit exposure to images of the disaster.
 Find time for activities you enjoy.
 Take one thing at a time.
 Do something positive.
 Avoid drugs and excessive drinking.
 Ask for help when you need it.
Quebec Squad
Presented by:
BSN 2C