BURNS

Prepared by: Althea Cristine S. Escritor, RN, MSN

BURNS
 Definition
 Extent or Classification according to depth of burn
 Formula for the percentage of TBSA involve
 Severity of Burns
 Burn Management (First Aid)
BURNS
 An injury to tissues of the body caused by hot objects or
flames, electricity, chemicals radiation.
 DEGREE OF THE BURN(CLASSIFICATION OF BURNS)
Partial- Thickness Partial- Thickness Full thickness
(Superficial) (deep) Third degree
First degree Second degree
Causes Flame, sunlight Contact with hot liquids, Contact with hot liquids,
flames, chemicals flames, chemicals

Skin Layers Epidermis Epidermis and dermis Epidermis, dermis,

affected hypodermis, muscle
bone
Appearance Skin surface is dry, and Skin moist, mottled, Skin dry and leathery;
reddened, no blisters or white to cherry red, charred blood vessels are
swelling blistered often visible; skin is a
mixture of white, dark,
and charred

Symptoms Painful Extremely painful Pain on epidermal and

dermal layer; no pain on
hypodermal and muscle
layer
DEGREE OF THE BURN(CLASSIFICATION OF BURNS)
 FORMULA FOR COMPUTING
PERCENTAGE OF BODY BURNED
 Rule of nines
 A method of estimating how much body
surface was burned by mentally
dividing the body into regions, each
representing 9 % of the body surface

 Palm method (palmar surface

method)
 A method of using the size of the
victim’s palm to estimate the % of body
surface that has been burned. (palm
=1%)
SEVERITY OF BURNS
Critical Moderate Minor
1st degree More than 75% 50-75% TBSA Less than 20%
TBSA TBSA
2nd degree More than 30% 15-30% TBSA Less than 15%
TBSA TBSA
3rd degree More than 10% 2-10% TBSA Less than 2 %
TBSA TBSA

*TBSA- total body surface area

BURN MANAGEMENT
 Perform RSABCFPO and simultaneously activate EMS
 R- remove the victim from the source of burn
 S- stop the burning process

Assess:
 A- airway
 B- breathing
 C- circulation
 F- fluid administration/ fluid balance assessment
 P- pain assessment/ wound assessment
 O- other medical management

 continue to assess vital signs

FIRST AID FOR BURN

 FIRST DEGREE: Flush with cool running water, Apply

moist dressings and bandage loosely.
 SECOND DEGREE: Apply dry dressings and bandage
loosely Do not use water as it may increase risk of
shock.
 THIRD DEGREE: Same treatment as second degree.
 Burns may also be caused by CHEMICALS. In these
cases, it is important to remove clothing on which
chemicals have spilled and flush the affected area with
copious amounts of water for 15 to 30 minutes.
Thank You
&
Good day!
POST QUIZ
1. In 1st degree burn, the skin is ______ and painful.
a. mottled

b. reddened

c. moist
2. A 2nd degree burn affects both the epidermal and dermal
layers of the skin and is characterized by ___________.
a. blistering

b. dryness

c. charring
3. The most serious burn in an adult is:
a. 3rd degree burn covering 10% TBSA

b. 2nd degree burn covering 35% TBSA

c. 1st degree burn covering 75% TBSA

4. Burns in the face are considered serious because of the
possible______.
a. disfigurement

b. injury to the mouth

c. airway closure
5. The first aider’s initial action at a burn accident should
be to:
a. remove the victim from the source of burn
b. examine the victim for respiratory or cardiac complications
c. determine the severity of burn
d. assess airway
Thank You
&
Good day!