1

ENTREPRENEURSHIP
DEVELOPMENT
Women Entrepreneurs and
Rural Entrepreneurship
 Women Entrepreneurs
2

 Women entrepreneurs are key players in any

developing country particularly in terms of their
contribution to economic development.
 In recent years, even among the developed countries
like USA and Canada, Women’s role in terms of
their share in small business has been increasing.
 Problems of Women Entrepreneurs
3

1. Patriarchal Society:
 Entrepreneurship has been traditionally seen as a
male protected and idea of taking up
entrepreneurial activities is considered as a
distant dream.
 Any difference from the norm is looked fiercely
and if possible, immediately restricted.
 Women also have to face role conflict as soon as
they initiate any entrepreneurial activity.
 Problems of Women Entrepreneurs
4

2. Marketing Problems:
 Women entrepreneurs continuously face the problems in
marketing their products. It is one of the core problems as
this area is mainly dominated by males and even women
with adequate experience fail to make a knock.
 For marketing the products women have to be at the
mercy of middlemen who pocket the chunk of profit.
Although the middlemen exploit the women
entrepreneurs, the elimination of middlemen is difficult,
because it involves a lot of running about. Women
entrepreneurs also find it difficult to capture the market
and make their products popular.
 Problems of Women Entrepreneurs
5

3. Financial Problems:
 Obtaining the Supports of Bankers,
 Managing the Working Capital,
 Lack of Credit Resources are the problems which
still remain in the males domain.
 Women are yet to make significant mark in
quantitative terms. Marketing and financial
problems are such obstacles where even training
doesn’t significantly help the women.
 Problems of Women Entrepreneurs
6

4. Family Conflicts:
 Women also face the conflict of performing of home role
as they are not available to spend enough time with their
families.
 They spend long hours in business and as a result, they

find it difficult to meet the demands of their family

members and society as well.
 Their inability to attend to domestic work, time for

education of children, personal hobbies, entertainment add

to their conflicts.
 Problems of Women Entrepreneurs
7

5. Credit Facilities:
 Though women constitute about large percentage of
population, the percentage of small scale enterprise
where women own very small percentage of share
capital.
 Women are often denied credit by bankers on the
ground of lack of collateral security. Therefore,
women’s access to risk capital is limited.
Example: Grameen Bank, BRAC, Proshika, Asa’s
microcredit facilities has been a good deal of self
employment program.
 Problems of Women Entrepreneurs
8

6. Heavy Competition:
 Many of the women enterprises have imperfect organizational set
up. But they have to face severe competition from organized
industries.

7. High Cost of Production:

 Undermines the efficiency and stands in the way of development
and expansion of women’s enterprises.
 Government assistance in the form of grant and subsidies to some
extent enables them to tide over difficult situations.
 Other than these, women entrepreneurs also face the problems of

Labor, Overload of Work,

Human Resources, Lack of Family Support,
Infrastructure, Mistrust etc.
Legal Formalities,
 Women Set Up an Enterprise Due to Economic and
Non-economic Reasons
9

 “When women moves forward, the family moves,

the village moves and the nation moves.” is
rightly said by Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru.
Employment gives status and economic
independence to women leading to an
empowered women.
 Various reasons can be due to Motivational
Factors and Facilitating Factors.
 Motivational Factors
10

 Economic Necessity
 Independence
 Education and Qualification
 Employment Generation
 Success Stories of Friends & Relatives
 Family Occupation
 Govt. Policies and Programs
 Role Models to Others
 Self Identity and Social Status
 Facilitating Factors
11

 Adequate Financial Facilities

 Innovative Thinking
 Co-operation of Family
 Support of Family Members
 Network of Contacts
 Rural Entrepreneurship
12

 In simple words, rural entrepreneurship implies

entrepreneurship emerging in rural areas. Or rural
entrepreneurship means rural industrialization.
 Industrialization can’t originate or sustain without
entrepreneurship whether rural or urban.
 Thus, rural entrepreneurship is the only solution to
rural poverty and backwardness.
 Some Village Industries
13

 Mineral Based Industry i.e. cottage pottery industry, slate &

slate pencil making, manufacture of bangles etc.
 Forest Based Industry i.e. hand made paper, manufacture of
katha, cottage match industry, agarbatties etc.
 Agro Based Food Industry it includes, honey, manufacture of
cane gur, nuts etc.
 Engineering and Non-conventional Energy includes
carpentry, household aluminum utensils and other waste
products.
 Textile Industry includes batik work, toys, and doll making
etc.
 Features of Rural Industry
14

 Agriculture and rural development are the ultimate

goal of our economy.
 As far as meaning of rural industrialization is
concerned, there are conceptual difficulties in
defining as such.
 However, it is generally taken as a group of
traditional industries like handloom, khadi,
handicraft, pottery, Bamboo made stuffs etc.
 Features of Rural Industry
15

 A Rural Industry has following features:

a) Very Low Investment
b) Use of Traditional Skills
c) Products are Either Essential Mass Consumer Goods or
Handicrafts;
d) Use of Locally Available Raw Materials
e) Cater to Limited Markets
f) Products are Becoming Popular in Foreign Markets for
their Unique Nature
 Problems in Growth of Rural Entrepreneurship
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a. Lack of Infrastructural Facilities

b. Non-supportive attitude of financial institutions which works
more on papers that its delay often disappoints the
entrepreneurs
c. Lack of Technical Know-how
d. Lack of Communication Facilities and Market Information
e. Lack of Warehousing Facilities
f. Banks do Provide Concessional Loans but their rules are Very
Rigid
g. Lack of Quality Management

Conclusion:
Village & small industries is under a threat of extinction.
Unless the rural industry is modernized, it has to face its
closure sooner or later due to increasing competition.
17

How to Develop Rural

Entrepreneurship
 Small Business Development
18

 Small Scale Enterprise

 Business firm which is independently owned and
operated and not dominant in its field of operation.
 According to new industrial policy of Bangladesh
 Small scale business enterprise refers to industries
engaged either in manufacturing process or in service
activity within a total investment up to taka 15 million
 The investment in machinery and equipment not
exceeding Taka 10 million.
 Small Business Development
19

 Characteristics of Small Business

 Independent Management –
 owner manager
 Capital –
 individual or small group provide the capital
 Location Oriented Operation –
 local and community based who fulfill the local need which
is termed as focused strategy.
 Small Sized Business
 Type of Business Activity –
 They contribute a lot of satisfying needs and wants of small
group of customers.
 Network is small and scattered.
 Small Business Development
20

 Problems of Developing SSE in Bangladesh

 Problems in Government Policies
 Govt. help developing enterprises not developing
entrepreneurship
 Emphasizes on other factor of production rather than the
human factor
 Frequent change in industrial policy
 Lack of Adequate Incentive Measure
 Small business are deprived of incentives, tax holiday, low
rate interest policy, relaxed loan repayment policy.
 Small Business Development
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 Problems of Developing SSE in Bangladesh

 Problem of Awareness of The Facilities
 People are not aware of facilities given by government
 Lack of educational background
 Lack of Training Facilities
 Institution of Management Bangladesh (IMB) and Small
Scale Enterprises Training Institute are Two Organization
that Provides Training.
 Lack of Research
 Absence of Integrated Package Assistance
 Stimulatory, supportive and sustaining activities on
assistance program are not included.
22

Find the Solution for the Problem of

Developing the SSE in Bangladesh?
23

END OF THE CHAPTER