Event Horizon Telescope

&
VLBI
 WE HAVE SEEN WHAT WE THOUGHT WAS UNSEEABLE

THE FIRST EVER IMAGE OF THE BLACK HOLE

 WHAT MAKES THIS IMAGE SPECIAL

The first ever image of the black hole is iconic for what it can tell astronomers and physicists about how
gravity and general relativity work under most extreme condition

• This opens for a whole new window of study.

• We can start teasing apart physical processes at the black hole boundary.
• We’re able to ask bunch of questions we couldn’t even conceive before
 About the picture

The picture we’re seeing is the super-massive blackhole at the centre of the giant elliptical galaxy m87, Sgr*A

We see black-holes by their influence on surroundings.

The picture taken shows the photon sphere of the blackhole

the event horizon itself is the region where light can’t escape

The fact the image is blurred because the EHT is only the size of the earth
 EHT
The Event Horizon Telescope is a large telescope array of radio telescopes

The array made this observation at a

wavelength of 1.3 mm and with a
theoretical diffraction-limited resolution
of 25microarcseconds. Future plans
involve improving the array’s resolution
by adding new telescopes and by taking
shorter-wavelength observations. The EHT
functions as an interferometer by literally
matching the identical mm-separated
wave fronts that reach these telescopes
separated by thousands of kilometres
 List of telescopes used in EHT
1. Atacama Large Millimetre /submillimetre Array(APEX)
~CHAJNATOR PLATEAU, CHILE
2. Atacama pathfinder Experiment(ALMA)~CHAJNATOR
PLATEAU, CHILE
3. JAMES CLERK MAXWELIRAM 30-M TELESCOPE(IRAM)~ PICO And they kept on
VELATA, SPAIN adding.
4. L TELESCOPE(JCMT)~MAUNAKEA, HAWAII
5. LARGE MILLIMETRE TELESCOPE(LMT)~SIERRA NEGRA,
MEXICO
6. SUBMILLIMTRE ARRAY(SMA)~MAUNAKEA, HAWAII
7. SUBMILLIMTRE TELESCOPE(SMT)~MOUNT GRAHAM,
ARIZONA
8. SOUTH POLE TELESCOPE (SPT)~SOUTH POLE STATION
9. THE GREELAND TELESCOPE(GLT)~THULE AIR BASE,
GREENLAND, DENMARK
10. KITT PEAK 12-METRE TELESCOPE(KITT PEAK) ~KITT PEAK,
ARIZONA, USA
11. NOEMA OBSERVATORY (NOEMA)~PLATEAU DE BURE,
FRANCE
 Interferometry
Interferometry is a family of techniques in which waves,
usually electromagnetic waves, are superimposed, causing
the phenomenon of interference, which is used to extract
information.

Later this technique is developed by radio astronomical scientists into VLBI

 VLBI
In VLBI a signal from an astronomical radio source, such as a
quasar, is collected at multiple radio telescopes on Earth.
The distance between the radio telescopes is then calculated
using the time difference between the arrivals of the radio
signal at different telescopes. This allows observations of an
object that are made simultaneously by many radio
telescopes to be combined, emulating a telescope with a size
equal to the maximum separation between the telescopes.

VLBI is best known for imaging distant cosmic radio

sources, spacecraft tracking, and for applications in
astrometry.
VLBI is also used for :-
1.High resolution radio imaging of cosmic radio sources
2.Imaging the surfaces of nearby stars at radio wavelengths (see
also interferometry) – similar techniques have also been used to
make infrared and optical images of stellar surfaces. Definition
of the celestial reference frame.
3.Motion of the Earth's tectonic plates.
Regional deformation and local uplift or subsidence.
4.Variations in the Earth's orientation and length of day.
5.Maintenance of the terrestrial reference frame.
6.Measurement of gravitational forces of the Sun and Moon on
the Earth and the deep structure of the Earth.
7.Improvement of atmospheric models.
8.Measurement of the fundamental speed of gravity.
9.The tracking of the Huygens probe as it passed through Titan's
atmosphere, allowing wind velocity measurements
THANKYOU FOR YOUR TIME

PRESENTATION BY :-
N.P.S.AKHIL
ECE-A ¼