COMMUNICATI

ON SKILL
Brigitta Monica Wiyono 01112170017
Natasha Gabriela 01112170006
Zerlina Natasha 01112190029
DEFINITION OF COMMUNICATION

The process of sharing information, especially when this

increases understanding between people or groups.

“Act of process of using words, sounds, signs, or behaviours to

express or exchange information or to express your ideas,
thoughts, feelings, etc., to someone else.”

-Merriam Webster
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
There are three basic types (Ezezue, 2007:10).
WRITTEN
Requires competence in
writing and reading skills. In
written communication, oral
messages are translated into
alphabetic symbols, words,
and sentences.
NON VERBAL VERBAL
Informations and messages
Takes place mostly in a face-
are communicated through
to-face situation/relationship.
our physical environment,
The most important factor in
body environment, drawing
this type is human’s voice.
and pictures including sign
language.
ORAL COMMUNICATION
Is the process of verbally
transmitting information and
ideas from one individual or
group to another.

Is number one of the skill with

biggest gaps based on LinkedIn’s
2018 Emerging Report U.S.
 9 EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION SKILLS

01 Active listening Clarifying 05

“The most basic of Being Empathetic 06
all human needs is
Non-Verbal
the need of to 02 Communication
understand and be
understood. The best
way to understand
Providing feedback 07
people is to listen to
them.”
03 Asking Questions
-Ralph Nichols
04 Being clear Developing trust 08
Being present 09
THE IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION SKILLS

Applying for jobs

With businesses and

organisations

Improve personal
relationships
Ensure that you are able to
manage interactions
HOW TO IMPROVE YOUR SKILLS

Ask a close friend or Practice Attend Seek

colleague for improving communication opportunities to
constructive communication skills workshops or communicate
criticism habits classes
PROBLEM
SOLVING
WHAT IS PROBLEM?

A problem exist when there’s a discrepancy between an

initial state and a goal state, and there is no ready-made
solution.

Routine vs Non-Routine Problems

SOME EXAMPLE OF PROBLEMS

What is 2 x 2 ?

ROUTI
NE

Design a device to stop grease from

popping on a cook when frying bacon
NON-
ROUTINE
WHY WE NEED PROBLEM SOLVING

Problems come up at
our lives and at work
too. So, it’s helpful to
have a good problem
solving skills at work.
Employers value
people more if they
have a great problem
solving skill based on
World Economic
Forum.
IDEAL PROBLEM SOLVING TECHNIQUE

Identify the problem

Act the chosen solution

Define goals

Look and learn from the

result
Explore all possible solutions
 COMMON BARRIERS
01 Confirmation bias
This term refers to a cognitive bias. This
bias leads people to seek facts that confirm
their opinion. Unnecessary constraints 04
When people construct mental blocks
02 Mental set to solve a problem.
The tendency to use methods of problem Taking a mindset of group members
solving that have worked in the past but are can act as an unnecessary constraint.
not working in current situation. This lead
to inflexibility on complex problem solving. Irrelevant information 05
Distracting information that is
03 Functional fixedness irrelevant to solving the problem.
The tendency to use a certain object to
its only object association without
seeing the object to a different way.
REFERENCES
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/communication

Ezezue,B.O. (2007) Fundamentals of Business Communication, Enugu Precision Publishers Limited.

https://economicgraph.linkedin.com/research/linkedin-2018-emerging-jobs-report

Taylor, J. (2015) 9 Effective Communication Skills

Kenneth H. Cohn: Better Communication for Better Care: Mastering Physician-Administrator Collaboration.
Chicago, IL, Health Administration Press, 2005

Bransford, J. D., & Stein, B. S. (1984). The IDEAL Problem Solver: A Guide for Improving Thinking,
Learning, and Creativity. New York, NY: W. H. Freeman.

Cottam, Martha L., Dietz-Uhler, Beth, Mastors, Elena, & Preston, & Thomas. (2010). Introduction to Political
Psychology (2nd ed.). New York: Psychology Press.

German, Tim, P.; Barrett, Clark., H. "Functional fixedness in a technologically sparse culture. University of
California, Santa Barbara. American psychological society.

Kellogg, R. T. (2003). Cognitive psychology (2nd ed.). California: Sage Publications, Inc.

Öllinger, Jones, & Knoblich (2008). Investigating the effect of mental set on insight problem solving.
Experimental Psychology

Nickerson, R. S. (1998). "Confirmation bias: A ubiquitous phenomenon in many guises". Review of General
Psychology.

https://www.lexico.com/definition/problem-solving

http://reports.weforum.org/future-of-jobs-2018/shareable-infographics/
.
THANK
YOU