Internet of Things and

home automation
Krishan Kr. Kumawat (17ESBCS007)
Manish Goyal (17ESBCS009)
 Agenda

• What is IoT
• Why IoT?
• My home automation system architecture
• Q/A
 What is IoT?

• Internet of Things
• Internet connected objects (things) working together to solve a business problem
• The Internet of things describes the network of physical objects—“things”—that are
embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of
connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the Internet, but
only recently has become affordable for personal use
 What are the “Things” in the IoT?

• Could be anything
• Physical
• Virtual
 Why IoT?

• Generate, collect, process and use acquired information to make better

decisions
• Smart objects: Make things that weren’t meant to talk to each other interact
smartly
• Gartner says the Internet of Things installed base will grow to 26 Billion units
by 2020; & We want to be well aligned and prepared for that
 Generate, collect, process and use acquired
information to make decisions
• DIKW model
• Information is inferred from data, in the
process of answering interrogative
questions (e.g., "who", "what", "where",
"how many", "when"), thereby making the
data useful for "decisions and/or action".
• Knowledge as "synthesis of multiple
sources of information over time"
 Smart objects: Make things that weren’t
meant to talk to each other interact smartly
• Phone  Location detection, presence detection  Thermostat
• Doorbell activation  CCTV takes picture Email + SMS + Tweet
• Fire Alarm  Email + SMS
• Security System CCTV  Email + SMS
• Climate control  presence @ home & weather forecast
• Hot water tank 1   Hot water tank 2   our presence, weather forecast
• Dog CCTV + Email
• Weather notifications  email
 Home Automation

• A home automation system will control lighting, climate, entertainment

systems, and appliances. It may also include home security such as access
control and alarm systems. When connected with the
Internet, home devices are an important constituent of the Internet of
Things ("IoT").
 Home Automation Process with IOT

• IOT or internet of things is an upcoming technology that allows us to control

hardware devices through the internet. Here we propose to use IOT in order
to control home appliances, thus automating modern homes through the
internet.
 Advantages

• Savings: Smart thermostats and smart lightbulbs save energy, cutting

utility costs over time.
• Convenience: Because home automation technology performs rote tasks
automatically, end users experience great convenience.
• Control: Consumers also choose smart home devices to better control
functions within the home. With home automation technology, you can
know what’s happening inside your home at all times.
• Comfort: Some people use smart technology to record shows or to play
music throughout the home.
 Disadvantages
• Cost: The biggest problems, or disadvantage of a smart home system is the
cost.
• Dependency on Internet: The basic requirement for the
smart home system is the internet.
• Dependency on Professionals: In case there is a problem with the smart
home system, you cannot simply call a handyman or someone similar to
repair or manage the bug. You will have to depend on the professionals.
Only the company professionals can help you to handle the problems. A
professional would be able to take care of the disadvantages of home
appliances.
 Challenges

• Global cooperation
• Proprietary and incompatible protocols
• Lack of APIs
• Example: Common external power supply

• Technological challenges
• Power usage
• Scalability
• Security
• Communication mechanisms

• Ethics, control society, surveillance, consent and data driven life

 Overall Architecture

Business logic

Visualiza Control
Storage tion, BI UI
Logic

M2M
Read
Prot
proper
ocol
ties
Process
Thing Interface Proto
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Proto
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Set Prot
Property ocol
 The hardware interface to “things”
• The ‘Funky’ project
• It is an Arduino-compatible multi purpose micro that is:
• Very small: 20×21.2mm (0.78″x0.83″)
• Very light: 3 grams
• Low power (up to 1 year on coin cell battery)
• Wireless capable (RFM12B transceiver)
 Receiver module
• The ‘RFM2Pi’ project
• It is an Arduino-compatible board that acts as a wireless bridge between wireless remote
nodes and the M2M layer
 ESP8266 WiFi relay/thermostat project

• This project is a device for controlling the heating and air-conditioning in

home. Many older homes have simple thermostats that turn on the heating
when the temperature falls below a set level, and turns the heat off once it
rises above a set level.
 Machine to Machine

• Using mosquitto MQTT broker, An MQTT broker is a server that receives all

messages from the clients and then routes the messages to the appropriate
destination clients, extremely lightweight publish/subscribe messaging
transport protocol.
• Machine-to-machine communication, or M2M, is exactly as it sounds:
two machines “communicating,” or exchanging data, without human
interfacing or interaction. This includes serial connection, powerline
connection (PLC), or wireless communications in the industrial Internet of
Things (IoT).
My MQTT topic tree structure:
 Business logic layer
• Using Node-RED (Node-RED is a programming tool for wiring together hardware
devices, APIs and online services)
• Very visual, drag-and-connect, Business logic is the programming that manages
communication between an end user interface and a database.
• Encapsulates all logic in single JSON file
• Examples
• Remote sensor data processing
• Speech recognition/generation
• Control UI
• Dynamic DNS updater
Control UI
Storage
Visualization
 End

• Thanks!
Questions?