DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

Project Phase 1 Presentation

ANALYSIS OF LIFE CYCLE ENERGY AND COST IN

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

Group Members  Guided by

   Name                              USN  Ms. SUMA PARALADA
AST.PROFESSOR
1. PRAVEEN KUMAR 1NH17CV086 DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL
2. DANIYAL KHAN 1NH18CV402 ENGINEERING
3.MANOJ VAIDYA     1NH18CV409
4.NAVEEN KUMAR BR  1NH18CV412
 Abstract
• The world today has encountered with global warming and climate change. Besides
other contributors, extraction of natural resources as building materials itself
consume energy, cause environmental degradation and contribute to global
warming . With ongoing population growth and increasing urbanization, decreasing
immediate and irreversible embodied carbon emissions is imperative. With
feedback from a wide range of stakeholders - architects, structural engineers, policy
makers, rating-scheme developers, this research presents an integrated assessment
approach to compare embodied life cycle impacts of building structures.
Summary of the literature review
Materials and resources all have environmental, social, and economic
impacts beyond just their "use" phase in a project. For a material, impacts
occur during harvest or extraction of raw materials, manufacturing,
packaging, transporting, installing, using and ultimately discarding (or
hopefully reusing or recycling). Similarly, financial costs arise not only
during the initial purchase, but also with installation, operation and
maintenance, training, removal and disposal. Considering these
environmental impacts and financial costs over the entire life span of the
product or material is what is known as a life cycle perspective, or life
cycle thinking. Buildings consume energy directly or indirectly in all
phases of their life cycle right from the cradle to the grave and there is
interplay between phases of energy use (embodied and operating energy).
Hence, they need to be analyzed from life cycle point of view. Bakker
highlighted that in the building sector a life cycle approach is an
appropriate method for analysis of energy and use of other natural
resources as well as the impact on the environment.
Later on Adalbert presented a method describing the calculation of the energy
use during the life cycle of a building. The method is applied to gain insight
into the total energy use of dwellings in its life cycle in his companion paper .
The paper presented case studies of the total energy use for three single-unit
dwellings built in Sweden wherein, it was reported that 85% of the total
energy usage was required during the operation phase and energy used in
manufacturing all the construction materials employed in construction with
the erection and renovation amounts approximately to 15% of the total energy
use. The transportation and process energy used during erection and
demolition of the dwellings comprises approximately 1% of the total energy
requirement. Several other similar studies are reported in the open literature
for residential buildings and office buildings.
 Objectives of the study
• The main objective to LCA is to determine the outputs to the environment by
calculating the materials and energy balances.

• A tool to understand environmental impacts associated with products,

processes, and activities.

• Understand the life cycle of a product from Raw material to Disposal.

• Explains the way we could minimize the negative effects of a product has on
the environment.

• Outputs with similar environment impacts can be grouped and classified to

group their environmental impact.
 Significance of the study
• Provide comprehensive environmental impacts.

• Quantify environmental such as overall energy consumption or air emission

• Recognize inefficiencies significant changes across life cycle phases.

• Reduces environmental impact and cost.

 Life cycle assessment
• LCA is a Systematic study examining the environment impacts of a product from raw
materials extraction through production, use, and final disposal.

• The assessment includes the entire life cycle of a product ,process or system encompassing
the extraction and processing of raw materials, manufacturers, transportation and
distribution, use, reuse, maintenance, recycling and final disposal.

• It has been used as an environmental management tool worldwide since the late 1960s.

• Conducting a life cycle assessment. The LCA process is a systematic, phased approach and
consists of four components,
 Goal definition and scoping
 Life cycle Inventory Analysis
 Life cycle impact Assessment
 Interpretation
 Embodied Energy
• Embodied energy is the energy utilized during manufacturing phase of the
building.

• It is the energy content of all the materials used in the building and technical
installations, and energy incurred at the time of erection/construction and
renovation of the building.

• Energy content of materials refers to the energy used to acquire raw materials
(excavation), manufacture and transport to the building site.

• Embodied energy is divided in two parts,

 Initial embodied energy
 Recurring embodied energy
 Reference
Low Carbon Pathways for Structural Design: Embodied Life Cycle Impacts of
Building Structures by Catherine Wolf as, M.5k CnilArchiadnd V. (hi.. • 2012

Construction management preliminary cost estimate and scheduling of MIT's

civil and environmental engineering building by pushkar v Deshpande.
  
K . Adalbenh. Energy use during the life cycle of single-unit dwellings:
examples. Building and Environment 32 (4)(1997)321-329.
  
Alcorn (2003) Embodied Energy and CO, Coefficients for NZ Building
Materials, Wellington, Centre for Building Performance Research, Victoria
University of Wellington, New Zealand.