SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

REFRIGERATION & AIR CONDITIONING

SEMINAR ON

AIR CONDITIONING & ITS TYPES

PRESENTED BY
DHARSHINI S(17ME028)
 AIR CONDITIONER- INTRODUCTION
• An air conditioner (AC) in a room or a car works by collecting
hot air from a given space, processing it to release cool air into
the same space where the hot air had originally been collected.

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 COMPONENTS
• Evaporator
• Compressor
• Condenser
• Expansion valve
• Refrigerant

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 WORKING
• An air conditioner (AC) in a room or a car works by collecting
hot air from a given space, processing it within itself with the
help of a refrigerant and a bunch of coils and then releasing
cool air into the same space where the hot air had originally
been collected. This is essentially how air conditioners work.

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 WHAT IS A NEED OF AIR CONDITIONER
• Imagine that you’re outside in the sweltering heat of a particularly
hot summer day, running some godforsaken errands that couldn’t
be put off any longer. The heat is so unbearable that it feels like
the hottest day on Earth since the dawn of civilization. However,
there is one thing that keeps you going: the knowledge that you’ll
be inside your air conditioned home in one hour.
• Finally, that moment comes. You open the door and step inside
your house. A gust of chilled air envelops every cell of your body
and you instantly feel better.

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WHAT’S INSIDE AN AIR CONDITIONER?

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 TYPES OF AN AIR CONDITIONER
• Air conditioner installations mainly come in two types:
window systems and split systems (these are further classified
into mini-split and central systems).
• In everyday language, these are commonly referred to as
window ACs and split ACs, respectively.

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 EVAPORATOR
• An evaporator is basically a heat exchanger coil that’s
responsible for collecting heat from inside a room through a
refrigerant gas.
• This component is known as the evaporator, and is where the
liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates to become gas.

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 COMPRESSOR
• As the name clearly signifies, this is where compression of the
gaseous refrigerant occurs.
• It’s located in the outside unit, i.e., the part that’s installed
outside the house.

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 CONDENSER
• The condenser receives the vaporized refrigerant from the
compressor, converts it back to liquid and expels the heat
outside.
• Needless to say, it’s also located on the outside unit of the
split AC.

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 EXPANSION VALVE

• Also referred to as the throttling device, the expansion valve is located

between the two sets of coils (the chilled coils of the evaporator and
the hot coils of the condenser).
• It keeps tabs on the amount of refrigerant moving towards the
evaporator.
• Note that in the case of window ACs, the three aforementioned
components are all located inside a small metal box that is installed in
a window opening.
• These are the main components of an air conditioner. Now let’s look at
how they work together to make an AC do what it does.

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HOW IT WORKS : CENTRAL AIR & SPLIT SYSTEMS
• The air conditioner in a central heating and cooling system provides
cool air through ductwork inside your home, by providing a process
that draws out the warm air inside, removing its heat.
• In a split system, the compressor condenses and circulates the
refrigerant through the outdoor unit, changing it from a gas to a liquid.
• The liquid is then forced through the indoor evaporator coil or cooling
compartment.
• The indoor unit’s fan circulates the inside air to pass across the
evaporator fins. 

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HOW IT WORKS : CENTRAL AIR & SPLIT SYSTEMS
• The evaporator’s metal fins exchange the thermal energy with the air around
it.
• There, the refrigerant turns from liquid into vapor, removing any heat from
the surrounding air.
• As the heat is removed from the air, the air is cooled and blown back into the
house.
• From that point, the condenser or outdoor unit then turns the refrigerant
vapor back into a liquid, removing any heat.
• By the time the fluid leaves the evaporator again, it is a cool, low-pressure gas,
eventually returning to the condenser to begin its trip all over again.
• This process continues again and again until your home reaches the cooling
temperature you want, as programmed and sensed by your thermostat
setting.
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 ADVANTAGES
•  Less Insects And Parasites
• Better Sleep
• Prevents Electronics From Overheating
• Reduces The Risk Of Dehydration
•  Less Noise
• Enhances job performance.

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 DISADVANTAGES
• Air conditioners use a lot of electricity.
• Skin dryness
• Regular usage of air Conditioner dries skin & mucous membranes
• Airborne dust & fungi cause allergic reactions
• Air conditioning can worsen eye conditions like conjunctivitis &
blepharitis, and also results in causing problems for contact lens
wearers.
• Spending long hours in air conditioned of offices or home you may cause
also suffer heat intolerance when you go outside.

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