CASE STUDY OF

PUDINA RESIDENTIAL
COMMUNITY
(PUTRAJAYA, MALAYSIA)

FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM

SNIHAL DHANAWADE
16006 SEMESTER IX
INRODUCTION
• Introduction to basic building services.
• Investigation of building systems applied on a
larger scale structure

Architect: Kumpulan Senireka

Location: Jalan Kasturi P17 (Precinct 17),
Completed: 2018
Function: Residential building

• It is a housing development
• Perumahan Penjawat Awam Malaysia (PPA1M)
low cost housing scheme.
• It was established to remedy the housing issue
• Pudina residency occupies and overall footprint of
16.52 acres
• Features eight identical apartment blocks,
• Each possessing 25 levels
CASE STUDY OF PPA PUDINA
BLOCK H

• The PPA Pudina utilizes a standard active

fire protection system
• The building is built 25 floors high
• A clean agent suppression system is
utilized.
• Does not feature an automatic fire sprinkler.
• As the car park provided in Block H is
naturally ventilated.
PODIUM PARKING

• They are mainly 2 parallel podium

parking locate centrally.
• It’s a five storey structure located
centrally on site surrounded by
residential building
• Cars are transferred from one floor to
another flor with the help of lift
• There are 3 lift in podium parking(per
building)
• 2 for car parking 1 for public
• Every parking has each wet riser.
• Fifth floor is accommodated with
swimming pool and playing area
WATER BASED SYSTEMS IN PPA PUDINA BLOCK H

(A) EXTERNAL FIRE HYDRANT

• The fire hydrant utilized in PPA Pudina

is a two way fire hydrant.
• It provides firefighters with readily
available water supply
• The network extends into the building.
• The hydrants are connected to the
piping system
• sufficient pressure to the water in it.
• The PPA Pudina features one wet
barrel hydrant located approximately 3
metres
WATER BASED SYSTEMS IN PPA PUDINA BLOCK H

(B) HOSE REEL SYSYTEM

• Consists of a duty pump, standby pump and a jockey

pump.
• Serves to transmit pressurized water to all water based
systems in PPA Pudina.
• Distribution system and the hose reel system may
cause a sudden drop in pressure.
• The drop is pressure will be detected by pressure
switches.
• Generate sufficient pressure to maintain the flow of
water.
• These tanks are made of pressed steel and supply large
amounts of water to various water based
WATER BASED SYSTEMS IN PPA PUDINA BLOCK H

(C) WET RISER SYSTEM

• Network of pipes which supply water to all levels of a building

• Wet riser system is shared among other wet based systems
• Its pressure is regulated by a set of duty pump, standby pump and
an jockey pump.
• These pumps are controlled via pump starter panel
• The pressure switch serves to detect a sudden pressure drop.
• Wet riser breeching inlet of PPA Pudina are located on the ground
floor
• The type of breeching inlet utilized is a four way breeching inlet.
NON WATER BASED SYSTEMS IN PPA PUDINA BLOCK H

(A) PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHER

• Form of active fire protection device, designed to

control an initial fire outbreak
• PPA Pudina utilizes a 9kg powder fire extinguisher
which is capable of extinguishing fires from class .
• The powder will hinder the combustion of fuel.
• Provided in areas where sensitive or critical
electronic systems are present.
• They work by removing the oxygen component
from the fire triangle while removing heat with an
intensely cold discharge.
FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEMS IN PPA PUDINA BLOCK H

(A) FIRE DETECTOR

• PPA Pudina utilizes both smoke detectors
and heat detectors.
• The photoelectric smoke detector is utilized
on all lift lobbies.
• It is preferred over ionization smoke
detectors as it is has highly sensitive to light
and smoke.
• Heat detectors are only used in the
ventilation system room.
FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEMS IN PPA PUDINA BLOCK H

(B) FIRE CONTROL ROOM

• Located on the ground floor next to the lift

lobby.
• The room contains the building's fire
protection system.
PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
• It is an important component of the structural
fire
• begins at the planning design stage of any
construction
• structure even when failure of active fire
protection occurs.

Objective of Passive Fire Protection

(i) Helps to slow down the spread of fire within

building and to another adjacent buildings.
(ii) To protect building occupants from fire by
providing sufficient time and safe evacuation
routes.
(iii) To protect building structure from severe total
damage within a specific time, to ensure safe
fire fighting access.
(iv) To minimise building properties total
damages.
MEANS OF ESCAPE IN PPA PUDINA BLOCK H

• It is a 25 storeys building which includes Level G as the main

lobby.
• For level 1 to level 25 are the residences floors with 8 units each
• Break Tank - is a non-pressurised, closed water tank,
The purpose of having break tanks are as below :
1. As a backflow prevention device between main water supply and
fire pump suction.
2. To provide a steady suction pressure to the fire pump hence,
preventing pressure fluctuation in city water supply.
3. To prevent insufficient city water supply when in high demand for
fire protection purposes.

EVACUATION ROUTE IN PPA PUDINA BLOCK H

• For PPA Pudina Block H, there is no sprinklered system
• The maximum travel distance for PPA Pudina is 30
metres ,
• The following diagrams show the evacuation route in
PPA Pudina.
EXIT
There are two types of exit in PPA Pudina Block H,
which are horizontal exit and vertical exits
(1) HORIZONTAL EXITS
• Horizontal exit is an exit that allows occupants to
egress from one side of a building to another side.
• has no sprinkler system because it is an open air
corridor .
• provides access to alternative exits on every floor.
• The width of horizontal corridor of PPA Pudina is
at around 2.50
(2) VERTICAL EXITS
• Vertical exit is any path of travel such as a stair,
ramp, escalator, or fire escape.
• Separated from other interior spaces of a building
or structure by opening protectives.
• Travel in a vertical direction to the exit
• This type of exit is very important.
• There are total 3 vertical exits in PPA Pudina
• Two different types of it which are enclosed and
natural ventilated staircases
• Enclosed and pressurized lift lobby
ENCLOSED AND NATURAL VENTILATED
STAIRCASE

• In PPA Pudina, the enclosed and natural ventilated

staircases can be found at both ends of the middle part
of the building.
• This type of staircase in PPA Pudina used vent blocks
as wall at each floor to act as a natural ventilation
system for the stairwell.
• it is located at two ends of the fire fighting shaft that
has more air flow.
• The vent blocks allow the smoke trapped within to
egress from the stairwell.
• The stairwell wall which is non load bearing offers up
to 2 hours of fire resistance period.
• Furthermore, the entrance to the staircase is also fitted
with a fire rated door.
FIRE FIGHTING SHAFT

• A fire fighting shaft provides fire rescue service with a

safe area from which to undertake firefighting
operations.
• In PPA Pudina, the firefighting shaft links all necessary
floors of a building, providing at least 2 hours fire
resistance to protect fire rescuers and are connected to
fresh air.
• Firefighting shaft includes firefighting lobby,
firefighting staircases and firefighting lifts.

FIRE FIGHTING ACCESS LOBBIES

• Within the fire fighting shaft in PPA Pudina, fire-
fighting access lobby can be found to provide access
for fire rescuers from fire fighting lift to
accommodation area.
• It is an enclosed area with a permanent ventilation
FIRE FIGHTING STAIRCASE

• Fire fighting staircase is a protected stairways that

provide access for fire fighters during a fire.
• In PPA Pudina, the fire fighting staircase give access to
the topmost floor of the building hence providing
access to every floor of the building.

FIRE FIGHTING LIFT

• This type of lift allows fire fighter to use in order to
rescue occupants in building that is 18.5m and above.
• Normal lift is unable to be used during a fire however,
fire fighting lift is specially designed to have extra fire
protection.
EMERGENCY EXIT SIGNS IN PPA PUDINA
(A) "KELUAR" Sign
• The emergency signage's act as a guide
to direct the way of occupants during a
fire. This signage is being placed along
the evacuation road and it need to be
illuminated all the time. The signs are
also equipped with backup electricity
power system or reflective material in
case of electricity shortage.
(B) Emergency Lighting
• Emergency lighting illuminates the
corridor and gives vision to the
occupants during fire. It also provides a
safe and efficient evacuation routes.
Furthermore. it also brighten the fire
equipment and safety equipment like
extinguisher, key box that holds the
emergency keys to exit.
(C) Fire Light Indicator
• Fire light indicator basically helps to
determine safety of the room. This helps
to inform people or fire rescuers about
whether it is safe to enter. Red light will
light up when smoke or fire is being
detected in the room while green light
will lit when the room is safe to enter.
CONCLUSION
ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION
Fire safety is a building service consideration that should not be
taken lightly. Countless lives are often lost due to poor integration
of necessary fire systems within a building and the disregard of
mandatory building regulations. Therefore it is of the utmost
importance for all buildings despite its size or height to adopt and
integrate necessary fire protection systems according to its
particular needs and requirements. This is to prevent the
unnecessary loss of lives during an event of fire and to install a
standard throughout the industry.
With that said, the active fire protection systems in PPA Pudina
includes the hose reel system, wet riser system, portable fire
extinguisher and the fire detection and alarm system. Although PPA
Pudina does not feature a fire sprinkler system, it does however,
feature a FM-200 fire suppression system in rooms where critical
and sensitive equipment's are located. As the building is relatively
new, fire systems such as the carbon dioxide suppression system
and wet chemical discharge systems has yet to be implemented or
is in the process of installation.
All in all, assuming all the systems mentioned above are in
working order and shall be installed or implemented as planned,
PPA Pudina has complied to the regulations set by the UBBL 1984.
Despite being a low budget housing programme, the building does
PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION
Passive fire protection is a crucial part of the building
as it prevents unpredicted accident to occur. It ensures
a safe environment for the occupants to live in. From
the research above, it is clear that PPA Pudina
provides solutions towards safety problems for the
occupants except for the fire escape plan part.
Furthermore, they also provide efficient path for fire-
fighters to carry out rescue operations.
Fire resistance materials are also taken into
considerations to protect the structure itself and the
occupants. This prevents the rapid spread of fire and
maintain the structural integrity and stability hence
minimising the damage on structure and lost.
In conclusion, the passive fire protection basically
meets all the requirements that are stated in UBBL
1984 by-laws and provides a safe evacuation routes to
occupants.
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