PRAYER

Objectives
Understand the difference between
independent and dependent events based
on the situation of the problem.

Calculate the probability of and

independent and dependent events.

Relate probabilities in a real-life situation.

ACTIVITY
This activity is all about analyzing/understanding the given question if
they’re dependent to each other or independent.
For example,
1. Buying jewelries and drinking milk  independent
2. Cutting trees and making firewood  Dependent
Probability Involving a Sequence of Events
A compound event is one in which there is more than one
possible outcome. 

The probability of compound events combines at least

two simple events, either the intersection of two simple
events or the union of two simple events.
Multiplication Rule of Probability: Independent
Events

Formula:
P(A ∩ B) = P(A) x P(B)
or
P(A and B) = P(A) x P(B)
Example
Soln:
Let A be the event in getting a 1 in a die
When we roll a die and
and B the event in getting a head in a coin.
then flip a coin. What is
P(A) = 1/6
the probability of getting
P(B) = ½
1 and a head?
P(A and B) = P(A) x P(B)
P(A and B) = 1/6 x ½
= 1/12
Thus, the probability of getting 1 and a
head is 1/12 or 0.0833 or 8.33 %
Example
Soln:
Let A be the event in landing a head and B
In flipping a coin and
the event in getting a club.
drawing a card in a
P(A) = ½
standard deck of card.
P(B) = 13/52
What is the probability in
landing head and getting P(A and B) = P(A) x P(B)
a spade? P(A and B) = ½ x 13/52
= 13/104 or 1/8
Thus, the probability of landing and getting
a club is 1/8 or 0.125 or 12.5 %
Multiplication Rule of Probability: Dependent Events

Formula:
P(A ∩ B) = P(A) x P(B\A) or
P(A and B) = P(A) x P(B\A)
The probability of A
times the probability
of B given A
Example
Soln:
A bag has 4 red balls and 6
Let A be the event in choosing the first
blue balls. What is the
blue ball, and B the event in choosing the
probability of choosing 2
second blue ball.
blue balls at random?
P(A) = 6/10 P(B) = 5/9
P(A and B) = P(A) x P(B\A)
= 6/10 x 5/9
= 30/90
= 1/3
Thus, the probability of choosing blue
ball is 1/3 or 0.3333 or 33%
Example
In a standard deck of Soln:
cards, Jojo draw randomly Let A be the event in getting the first red
without any replacement. jack, and B the event in getting the
What is the probability in second red jack.
getting red jack? P(A) = 2/52 P(B) = 1/51
P(A and B) = P(A) x P(B\A)
= 2/52 x 1/51
= 2/2652 or 1/1326
Thus, the probability of choosing blue
ball is 0.0008 or 0.08%
 Application
1. If you toss two coins, what
is the probability of getting 2
heads?
 Application
2. In a jar there are 5 yellow
gums and 7 green gums.
What is the probability in
getting 2 yellow gums
without replacement?
 Application
3. Suppose a football player
has 65% chance of making a
goal he can keep each time he
tries to make a goal. What is
the probability he makes a goal
the first three times he tries to
but not on the fourth try?
 Application
4. There are 6 snickers , 4 m&m’s
and 6 cloud 9 chocolates in a
box. If Mary chooses 2 of them,
what is the probability if she gets
2 snickers?