CASE-

Group 3

“Slums in Ashish Tomar

Sahil Tomar

Mumbai” Sonam Kujur

Sweta Dugtal
Vijay Kumar
“A Slum is a
predominantly
an overcrowded
area which is in
an advanced
stage of decay
where dwelling
are unfit for
human
habitation”
BACKGROUND
● Asia’s largest slums and third
highest in the world
● Founded in 1884 during British
Colonial era
● 55% of Mumbai population lives in
Slum areas
● Covers 6-8% of the cities land (535
acres)
● Before 19th century- habited by
Koli Fishermen
● 1st school in 1930
● 72% of population is literate
 FACTS

Recycling is the major

16 public toilets per 3000 people. 1 industry
water tap per 100 people

Products made here sold globally

and also available in e-commerce
sites

Guided tours are specially

organized for tourist
Most educated slums in India
 POLICIES
1995 2005
NRI developer Mukesh Mehta envisions Urban development issues resolution
redevelopment of Dharavi, but the plan creating the Dharavi notified area.
remains on paper for years.

2016 May 2019

The state government says it has sought the
The committee of Secretaries approves
legal opinion of the state advocate general
a hybrid model of redevelopment, with
whether 45 acres of railway land constitutes
emphasis on community participation.
extra benefit for the preferred bidder.
SLUM REHABILITATION AUTHORITY (SRA)
SCHEME
DHARAVI SLUM REDEVELOPMENT PROJECT

Slum Rehabilitation Authority declared Dharavi as the most difficult

area and provided higher incentive.
Inspite of higher incentive, only 15% of Dharavi is developed in 12
years.
Local developers built extremely poor quality housing

STRATEGY
● Formulate sustainable master plan.
Rehabilitate all the slum families and
business in dharavi itself.
● Rehabilitate all non polluting industries.
● Integration of slum dwellers with main
stream residents of Mumbai through hikes.
REDEVELOPMENT PLANS

There have been many plans since 1997 to redevelop Dharavi

In 2004, the cost of redevelopment was estimated to be Rs 5000 crore.

The latest urban redevelopment plan proposed for the Dharavi area is
managed by American-trained architect Mukesh Mehta.

Concerns have also been raised by residents

The government has said that it will only legalize and relocate industries
that are not "polluting.“
DHARAVI PROBLEMS
● Lack of Sanitation
● Lack of access to clean water
● Lack of legal rights
● Poor health
● Unemployment and poor quality
work
● Water pollution is a major issue
● Air pollution
● Waste
 SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT

Provision of basic amenities to the slum like water, electricity, latrines and sewage disposal.

Granting the residents “legitimate status”; Photo identities were issued to establish legitimacy of
residents.

Leasing out existing slum land to cooperative groups of slum dwellers at affordable rates;
granting loans for environmental and housing improvements.

Transferable Development Rights introduced to attract private developers; central monitoring and
clearing agency developed; redevelopment efforts more decentralised than before .

Rehousing Dharavi’s residents into tower block apartments; freed up slum land would be sold for
private development.
 REASONS OF FAILURE

1) No comprehensive census on number of households

and residents obtained.
2) Administrative issues due to lack of census; de facto
control of slumlords over parts of the slum in which no
redevelopment could take place.
3) The scheme required consent from 75% of the slum
dwellers, which was not obtained due to
fragmentation of slum communities .
4) Unacceptable to Dharavi residents since livelihood
depended on Dharavi’s sprawling layout.
5) A large portion of the area to be redeveloped was held
by private developers and could not simply be
redeveloped without adequately compensating them.
Covid-19 Outbreak

● In the month of April, Maharashtra

was the epicentre of corona outbreak
● In Mumbai the biggest challenge was
to curb the spread of coronavirus in
Dharavi.
● Till mid september, Dharavi hit 288
deaths cases due to corona.
● Difficulty in maintaining social
distance.
 Decision Dilemma

Why it is challenging to implement development

programs

● Uneven land distribution.

● With a population nearly a million, it has a population density of
869,565 per square mile.
● There are no maps or road signs.
● Many slum dwellers have refused government issue housing.
 CONCLUSION
● The people have been attracted to these places
because of push and pull factors to earn better
living

● Local authorities need to be empowered with

financial and human resources to deliver services
and infrastructure to the urban poor

● The lessons that can be learned by analyzing the

effects of overpopulation are to stop the problem
before it occurs
● We see how these problems stem from the poor
infrastructure and policy-making of these
communities.
THANK YOU