NSSOJT-BSNL

Jaipur
(06-01-2007 to 09-01-2007)
 GSM PLMN Organisation
Network Switching
Subsystem
• Switching
Air A • Mobility Management
• Connection Management
• Charging

MS BSS NSS
O&M

Base Station Subsystem

• Radio Resource
Management
NMS Network Management
System
• Fault Management
• Radio Link Management • Configuration Management
• Performance Management
Network Switching Subsystem
MSC Mobile services Switching Centre
GMSC Gateway MSC
VLR Visitor Location Register
AC HLR Home Location Register
EIR Equipment Identity Register
EIR HLR AC Authentication Centre

HLR

VLR

GMSC MSC
 Mobile services Switching Centre
(MSC)

MSC
• Call control
• Mobility management
• Initiation of paging
• Collection of changing information
• often associated with VLR
GMSC
• Call control
• Interrogation of HLR
• Collection of changing information
• often used for interworking with
external networks
 Registers in the NSS

VLR HLR
• Identification numbers of subscribers • Subscriber Profile
• Security information • Routing Information
• Services that the subscriber can use

EIR AC
• Lists for Mobile Equipment (ME) Data for
checks • authentication (SIM) and
• ciphering
 Base Station Subsystem
BSC
TC

BTS BSC

TC
BTS

BTS

Elements:
– Base Station Controller (BSC), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), and
Transcoder and Rate Adaptation Unit (TRAU, TC)
Functions:
– Radio path control, BTS and TC control, synchronisation with MSC
– Air and A interface signalling, connection establishment MS-NSS
– Mobility management, speech transcoding
– Collection of statistical data
 Base Station Controller (BSC)
BSC

– Connection establishment between the MS and the

NSS
– Mobility management
– Statistical raw data collection
– Air- and A-interface signalling support
– BTS and TRAU Control
 Base Transceiver Station (BTS)

– Air interface signalling

– Ciphering
– Speech processing (channel coding, interleaving,
and burst formatting)
– Generation of alarms and statistic
Omnidirctional and Sectorised Cells
f1,f2, f3
BTS
BTS BTS

f1 f2

Omnidirectional BTS f1, f2

2 sectorised BTS

f5, f6 BTS

BTS
BTS

f3, f4

3 sectorised BTS
f = carrier frequency band
 Speech Flow in BSS
Speech,
64 kbps 13kbit/s
compression Channel
Coding
MSC TRAU TRAU BTS = redundancy

22.8kbit/s

Interleaving
and ciphering

22.8kbit/s
Air
Interface 33.8kbit/s
GMSK TDMA burst
modulation formatting
Network Management Subsystem
(NMS/2000)
NMS/2000

BTS

Data Communications
Network

DN2

BTS

BSC HLR
AC
EIR
MSC
VLR
BTS

BTS SMSC
 Functions of NMS (1)
Fault management
– Collection of alarm reports from network
elements.
– One point for managing all fault situations.
 Functions of NMS (2)

Configuration management
– Management of radio network configuration.
– Maintain up to date information on the network
element status.
 Functions of NMS (3)
Performance management
– Collection of measurement data from network elements.
– Produce performance result from raw data.
 Nokia Implementation of GSM
architecture
BSS - Base Station
Subsystem
DX 200 DX 200
MSC/VLR HLR/AC/EIR
BTS

BTS DX 200
TCSM
BTS NSS - Network NMS / 2000
Subsystem Network
BTS Management
PSTN NSS Site System
DX 200 ISDN
BTS BSC PSPDN

A SMSC
Air Abis
Centralised CPU concept

Signalling towards subscribers

Collecting dialled numbers

Collecting charging data

Hunting for a free circuit

Making speech path connections

Signalling towards other exchanges

Analysing and subscriber data

Supervising the running processes

Collecting statistical data

Distributed structure of the
Nokia DX platform
Exchange
Signalling Signalling
towards
subscribers
towards
other exchanges Computer units

Message bus
Collecting Collecting
dialled statistical data
numbers

Collecting Supervising the

charging processes
data running

Making speech Hunting for a

path free circuit
connections
 DX 200 MSC architecture
CDSU
GSW CLS
Group Switch

BSS ET
Base Station ECU ET PSTN
Subsystem Public Switched
Telephone Network
TGFP

CNFC

ET HLR
Home Location
Register

VANG

X.25 to
AdC (Administrative Centre)

2n

PAU CASU LSU IWCU BSU CCSU M BDCU

MB Message Bus
2n 2n

CCMU CMU CM VLRU STU CHU OMU

I/O
 DX 200 HLR Architecture 2n
2n
CLS
GSW
Group Switch
ET NSS

X.25/LAN to
AdC, NMS, CEIR...
n+1
2n
n+1/C

CCSU M BDCU
MB Message Bus

n+1/L 2n 2n 2n 2n (2n)

EIRU CM HLRU ACU STU OMU I/O

 DX200 Units
• DX 200 MSC/VLR UNITS
Signalling Units
• CCSU (Common Channel Signalling Unit), which handles trunk signalling
(SS7) towards the HLR, other MSCs and PSTN exchanges and is responsible
for call control for trunk originated calls.
• BSU (Base Station Signalling Unit), which takes care of SS7 signalling
towards the BSC and call control for mobile originated calls
• CCMU (Common Channel Signalling Management Unit) handles the
centralised functions of the SS7 signalling system
• CASU (Channel Associated Signalling Unit), which performs R2 signalling.
• PAU (Primary Access Unit) handles DPNSS signalling towards PABXs

Switching related units

• GSW (Group Switch) is the switching matrix
– M (Marker) controls and supervises the GSW
– TGFP (Tone Generator Field Programmable)
• DTMFG (Dual Tone Multi-Frequency Generator) for generating DTMF
signals when required, such as when the user is trying to transmit
DTMF signals to equipment at the other end
• TG (Tone Generator), which is responsible for generating various
types of tones, such as dial tone, busy tone, information tone etc
• CNFC (Conference Circuit), used for enabling multi-party conference
 DX200 Units
Database and statistics related units
• VLRU (Visitor Location Register Unit). This is the Nokia implementation of the
VLR as a functional unit of the MSC
• CMU (Cellular Management Unit) controls and supervises the cellular network
and handovers
• STU (Statistical Unit). Exchange specific statistical data is collected by STU
• CHU (Charging Unit) is needed to collect charging data
External interface and data related units
• OMU (Operation and Maintenance Unit operation and maintenance tasks are
performed via this unit. This is the link between the user and the MSC
• The BDCU (Basic Data Communications Unit) contains all communication links
to the O&M network
– Data Service Pools are used for subscribers’ data (data calls, fax etc.). They contain
modems for data communication services to the PSTN
• ECU (Echo Canceller Unit) is needed in interworking with the PSTN. It cancels
the echo generated in the 2-wire subscriber cable in the PSTN
• ET (Exchange Terminal) is the unit that handles the external 2 Mb PCM circuits
Other units
• CM (Central Memory) This is the RAM of the exchange, which holds the system
software and also keeps a copy of all exchange specific software data
• CLSU (Clock and Synchronisation Unit) is responsible for generating the
synchronisation signals for different units as well as for other elements such as
the BSC and the HLR
 Definitions
MMI = Man Machine Interface
• System consisting of software and peripherals. It
is used by the operator to perform operation and
maintenance functions in the exchange system.

MML = Man Machine Language

• A command language with which the operator
ZUSI can manage the operation of the exchange.
• I/O syntax follows CCITT recommendations.

DIALOG / MML SESSION

• Sessions are either local sessions or remote
sessions.
• Communication between the system and the
user using MML command language.
 Dialog = MML session

Local network element

1. Local Session OMU

 Command class menu
MAIN LEVEL COMMAND <___>
<?
DX 200 TRAINING_1 1993-02-13 14:08:25
MAIN LEVEL

? ..... DISPLAY MENU

A ..... ALARM SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION
C ..... ROUTING STATE ADMINISTRATION
D ..... SYSTEM SUPPORT AND COMMUNICATION
E ..... CELLULAR RADIO NETWORK ADMINISTRATION
I ..... I/O SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION
N ..... SS7 NETWORK ADMINISTRATION
O ..... SUPPLEMENTARY SS7 NETWORK ADMINISTRATION
Q ..... O&M NETWORK ADMINISTRATION
R ..... ROUTING ADMINISTRATION
T ..... TRAFFIC ADMINISTRATION
U ..... UNIT ADMINISTRATION
W ..... SYSTEM CONFIGURATION ADMINISTRATION
Y ..... SYSTEM SUPERVISION
Z; .... END DIALOGUE/DESTINATION SELECTION (:)
 Command group menu
MAIN LEVEL COMMAND <___>
< U?

UNIT ADMINISTRATION

? ..... DISPLAY MENU

B ..... RADIO NETWORK TEST HANDLING
D ..... DIAGNOSTICS HANDLING
S ..... WORKING STATE AND RESTART HANDLING
Z; .... RETURN TO MAIN LEVEL

UNIT ADMINISTRATION COMMAND <U__>

 Command menu
UNIT ADMINISTRATION COMMAND <U__>
< S?
LOADING PROGRAM VERSION 1.28-0

DX 200 TRAINING_1 1993-02-13 14:47:13

WORKING STATE AND RESTART HANDLING COMMANDS

? ..... DISPLAY MENU

C: ..... CHANGE UNIT STATE
T: ..... CHANGE UNIT INFO
I: ..... INTERROGATE UNIT STATE
L: ..... LIST UNITS IN SPECIFIED STATE OR INFO
U: ..... RESTART UNIT
S: ..... RESTART SYSTEM
Z; ..... RETURN TO MAIN LEVEL

WORKING STATE AND RESTART HANDLING COMMAND <US_>

 MML command syntax
Command

ZABC: Parameter Block : Parameter Block :;

.... : Parameter, Parameter, ..... , :...

Parameter Type
1. Name Defined
.. : UNIT = OMU, DEV = LPT : ...

or: .. : DEV = LPT, UNIT = OMU : ...

2. Position Defined
.. : P1, P2, P3, , P5 : ...
Omitted Parameter = DEFAULT
 Punctuation marks
: Pass or End Parameter Block
; End of Command --> EXECUTION
, Separation of parameters

? Menu or Parameter Information

% Wildcard
(e.g. SW % = all names with SW .... )
 Usage of &, &&,-
& => AND
&& => UP TO
- => Timeslot TSL
Examples:
PCM 3 AND 5 3&5

PCM 3 TSL 1 AND TSL 8 3-1&-8

PCM 3 UP TO 8 3 && 8

PCM 3 TSL 1 UP TO TSL 8 3 - 1 && - 8

 DX200 Disk directory structure

ROOT

SCMANA Package A Package B ... Package X

BLCODE MMDIRE LFILES CONVPR ASWDIR

 DX200 SW Build Contents
BLCODE - The Boot Loadable Code subdirectory
Contains the program code files and parameter files that are loaded first
into the computer unit's memory when the computer unit starts up
MMDIRE - The MMI system subdirectory
Contains MML programs and their text files

LFILES - The Loadable Files subdirectory

Contains disk copies of memory files, e.g. net element’s database

ASWDIR - The Application Specific Work subdirectory

Saves applications' work files on disk, e.g. for routine measuring.
The system itself constructs the necessary directory and files
CONVPR - The Conversion Program subdirectory
Contains the file conversion programs that are needed to perform
software
updates
SOMAFI = Software Management File
• General information on every SW build
in the system
– status
– package-id
– name
– directory
• Located in SCMANA directory
• Knows the default package
 Back-up, BU Fall-back, FB
• Usually active and in use • Safecopy of the BU package
(on-line back-up of the SW in RAM) on WDU
• Usually default package • Should be made regularly
(loaded in initial loading) • Can be defined as the default
• One package at a time package
• One package at a time

New, NW Untitled,
•
UT
Other packages
• Created during major SW
update • May be several packages at
• Introduced for testing a time
• Can be defined as the default
package
• One package at a time
 SW Build Information

SW-PACKAGE STATUS DIRECTORY ENVIRONMENT DEF ACT

SW-PACKAGE STATUS DIRECTORY ENVIRONMENT DEF ACT
PACKAGE-ID (REP-ID) DELIVERY
PACKAGE-ID (REP-ID) DELIVERY
CD-ID
CD-ID
TRAINING
TRAINING FB
FB TRAINING
TRAINING SA
SA 12.16-0
12.16-0 YY YY
SA
SA 12.16-0
12.16-0 22 CID000SX
CID000SX 10.20-0
10.20-0
SA5I201G
SA5I201G
SYSTS105 BU ASA_12_16_0 SA 12.16-0 - Y
SYSTS105 BU ASA_12_16_0 SA 12.16-0 - Y
SA 12.16-0 2 CID000SX 10.20-0
SA 12.16-0 2 CID000SX 10.20-0
SA5I201G
SA5I201G
FB130803
FB130803 NW
NW FB130803
FB130803 SA
SA 12.16-0
12.16-0 -- YY
SA 12.16-0 2 CID000SX 10.20-0
SA 12.16-0 2 CID000SX 10.20-0
SA5I201G
SA5I201G
SW package status handling
safe-copy

FB BU
status
rollback swapping

rollback status
NW swapping UT

safe-copy rollback
 Recovery system

• Controls the operating states of functional units:

Takes a redundant unit into use

Sets the faulty unit into test state

• Operates automatically or activated by user

 Switchover

Changing the state of the redundant unit

in order to replace the faulty active unit.

WO SP

Automatic recovery action

TE
 Changing of working states
2N or N+1 redundancy:

WO SP TE SE

NO redundancy:

WO BL TE SE
Working states of redundant
units
Working states of non-redundant
units
 Recovery User Interface

WORKING STATE AND RESTART HANDLING COMMANDS

? ..... DISPLAY MENU

C: ..... CHANGE UNIT STATE
I: ..... INTERROGATE UNIT STATE
U: ..... RESTART UNIT
S: ..... RESTART SYSTEM
Z; ..... RETURN TO MAIN LEVEL

WORKING STATE RESTART HANDLING COMMANDS <US_>

<
Changing states of redundant functional
unit
WO - EX

SP - EX

TE - EX

SE - OU

SE-NH
Diagnostic Printout Example

DIAGNOSTIC REPORT
CMU-0 1B085-00
PARTIAL DIAGNOSIS CPU
DIAGNOSTIC PROGRAM 0000
DIAGNOSIS 3996
3996 PARTIAL DIAGNOSIS EXECUTED
DIAGNOSTI C REPORT
CMU-0 1B085-00
PARTIAL DIAGNOSIS DMC
DIAGNOSTIC PROGRAM 000B
DIAGNOSIS 0002
EXTRA INFO 1 0000
EXTRA INFO 2 0042
3725 ACCUSED PLUG-IN UNITS:
TYPE INDEX LOCATION TRACK
MBIF_T 0 1B085-00 77
DIAGNOSTIC REPORT
CMU-0 1B085-00
PARTIAL DIAGNOSIS DMC
DIAGNOSTIC PROGRAM 000B
DIAGNOSIS 3998
3998 DIAGNOSIS EXECUTED - UNIT NOT OK
 Restart Initiators
Power cut
System:
Recovery
DX 200 SERVICE TERMINAL MAIN LEVEL COOMANDS:

? ..... MENU / HELP

A ..... ANALYSER L ..... EXTENSION HANDLING
B ..... DEFINE ENVIROMENT O ..... OPERATING SYSTEM COMMANDS
C ..... COMMAND LANQUAGE UTILITIES R ..... REMOTE DEBUGGER HANDLING
D ..... MEMORY AND I/O HANDLING S ..... SYSTEM MONITORING COMMANDS
E ..... EXIT DEBUGGER SESSION T ..... SET/DISPLAY TERMINAL TYPE
I ..... GENERAL INFORMATION W ..... WS-220 FILE TRANSFER UTILITY

INITIAL NAME: 00BE 0000 00 CURRENT NAME: 00BE 0000 00

00-MAN>

Session 2 Online Caps Lock Num

User:
Service terminal

User: Reset button

User: MML terminal
 Restart of the Primary Unit







 







 

 
  

The primary unit restart follows the standard restart principle

with the exception that the active unit gets its files from disk if
restarted.
 Normal Loading

primary copy (unit)

SP WO WO
secondary units

program code
parameter file OMU
 System Restart - Warm

If the whole system is warm restarted, normally no code

uploading takes place unless there is a memory check sum
error. Data Files are always loaded from the primary unit.
System Cold Restart - MML C=DSK

Cold restart takes place in case of a power cut or MML

command parameter C=DSK is given in software upgrading.
In system cold restart, the code is loaded from disk.
Files are always loaded from the active units.
 Printouts
Alarm printout

MSC-KARA CCSU-1 TRANSM 1989-01-01 23:16:45.49

*** ALARM ET-94 1H160 ERATES *RECOV*
(0072) 2915 FAULT RATE MONITORING
0014 005E 00

Disturbance printout

MSC-KARA BSU-2 SWITCH 1994-01-20 11:58:30.66

* DISTUR BSU-2 1E085 IC2_SS
1153 ERROR IN DIAL ANALYSIS DATA
0030 AA 10 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
 Alarm printouts
Printout Alarm
Urgency
type object
level
Location Recovery
Consecutive Network Alarm Date and time
Number
Informatio event
informatio
element n
(HST) n type
name

(01072) RNC-SALO 1A002-00-9 EQUIPM *RCY* 2001-05-21 15:16:17.89

** ALARM MXU-0
3050 NO RESPONSE FROM PLUG-IN UNIT
HMALAR OMU-1
MX622-A 06 04 09

Alarm Alarm text

number (short description)
Alarm issuer
(program Computer
Supplementary
block sending
information
issuing the alarm
fields
alarm)
 Diagnosis Test on Computer Unit
• Set the state of the unit to TE
• Start total or partial diagnostics with an MML
command.
• Study the diagnostics print-out. If the unit is found to
be faulty, there is a list of “accused plug in units“.
• Change the accused plug-in unit.
• Test the new plug-in unit. If the test run did not reveal
any faults in the unit, replace the next accused plug-in
unit on the diagnostics print-out. This operation should
be repeated until the faulty plug-in unit is found.
• When the faulty plug-in unit has been found, fill in a
Problem Report and send it together with the plug-in
unit to Nokia service, where it is replaced or repaired.
Back-up Procedure
 Back-up Procedure
1) Check the FB Package name
ZWQO:CR;

2) Formatting the MOD when ever using new MOD or once it is full.
ZIWI:,OMU:F0,,N:;

2) Give the instruction to copy FB package into DAT which is in CTU-0.

a) Define the source.
ZIWY: S:UNIT=OMU,PATH=/<FB Package Name>,DRIVE=WDU-S,:
Ex:- ZIWY:S:UNIT=OMU,PATH=/MS130605,DRIVE=WDU-S,:;

b) Define the destination

ZIWY: D:UNIT=OMU,PATH=/<FB Package Name>,DRIVE=WDU-S,:
Ex:- ZIWY:D:UNIT=OMU,PATH=/,DRIVE=FDU-N0,:;

C) Copy the FB Package

Z IBC:,,,,,,,,,DIR:DSN=<Dest set name>:;
Ex:-ZIBC:,,,,,,,,,DIR:DSN=OMUBACKUP,:
 MSC CDR copying into MOD
FORMATE MO DISK-
ZIWI:,CHU,0:F0,,N:;
Where MO disk is put in CHU-0 of drive F0. It has two sides A & B.

SET SOURCE-
ZIWY:S:UNIT=CHU-0,PATH=/,DRIVE=WDU-S,;
Where source is from CHU-0

SET DESTINATION-
ZIWY:D:UNIT=CHU-0,PATH=/,DRIVE=FDU-N0,;
Where destination is CHU-1 and MO disk is put in drive N0.
COPY CDR –
ZIBC:,,CF001%,%,,,,,,:DSN=071004,:;
Where CDR – CF0010 to CF0019 are copy from CHU-0 to MO-disk
.
 What is Signalling?
Signalling is any transfer of data that enables speech and data
connection between users and supports mobility management
and GSM services handling.

Use of Signalling
• to handle speech and data connection (set up, supervice and
release a call)
• to handle mobility management (location update, handover)
• to handle subscriber administration (including the handling of
basic and supplementary GSM service)
 Signalling Message Structure

CIC (Circuit Identification Code)

1. Circuit-related
Origin Destination Circuit information Other information

2. Non-circuit-related

Origin Destination Other information

•Location data (LAI)

•TMSI/IMSI
•Short message
•C-number (FORW)
•Target cell (Handover)
 CCS7 Protocol Stack vs.
the OSI Reference Model
CCS7 – is a signaling method in which signaling information is
conveyed over a single channel by addressed
Layer OSI Reference Model Common Channel Signalling No. 7 Level

7 Application layer
6 Presentation layer Application Part User Part 4
5 Session layer User Part
(GSM specific part) (Common part)
4 Transport layer (PSTN, ISDN,
GSM)
SCCP
3 Network layer
3
2 Data link layer MTP (levels 1-3) 2
1 Physical layer
1
 Functional & Application Parts
• CCS7 is divided into
(1)Functional part
– User part (Common to PSTN/ISDN/GSM)
• Need Service from MTP level only
• CIC is always defined
• Only for circuit related signalling
– Application Part (GSM Specific)
• BSSAP(towards BSC)
• MAP(towards HLR,VLR,MSC)
• INAP(towards IN)
• Needs services of the SCCP

(2)Message Transfer Part

• Includes MTP Level 1-3
CCS7 Protocols in Various Network
Elements
MSC/VLR
PSTN TUP
MAP/INAP Exchange NUP
BSSAP TUP ISUP
TCAP NUP
ISUP
SCCP
SCCP

MTP MTP

MAP / INAP

BSC HLR/EIR/AC
BSSAP TCAP

SCCP SCCP

MTP MTP
 1. Routing by MTP

Level 3 Signalling Message Handling Message

Message
Transfer Level 2 Data Link Control Signal unit
Part (MTP)
Bit
Level 1 Physical Connections
 Signal Unit Types of MTP Level 2
F B
1. MSU F CK SIF SIO LI I FSN I BSN F
B B First bit
8 16 8n, n>2 8 2 6 1 7 1 7 8 transmitted

(a) Basic format of a message signal unit (MSU) , Length Indicator (LI) >2 =<63

F B
2. LSSU F CK SF LI I FSN I BSN F
B B First bit
transmitted
8 16 8 or 16 2 6 1 7 1 7 8
(b) Format of a link status signal unit (LSSU) , Length Indicator (LI) =1or 2

F B
3. FISU F CK LI I FSN I BSN F
B B First bit
transmitted
8 16 2 6 1 7 1 7 8
(c) Format of a fill-in signal unit (FISU) Length Indicator (LI) =0

CK Check Bits SF Status Field

F Flag SIF Signalling Information Field
LI Lenght Indicator SIO Service Information Octet
FSN Forward Sequence Number BIB Backward Indicator Bits
BSN Backward Sequence Number FIB Forward Indicator Bits
 Functions of MTP Level 2 and Level 3
TUP ISUP SCCP

Network management messages

To other
network Message handling Network Management Level 3
element

No No

Yes Yes
Are there Error Are there Level 2
any errors? handling any errors?

MSU LSSU
 Message Handling in MTP Level 3
MTP users

ISUP TUP SCCP Network Management

Distribution
Signalling Message
DPC NE own SPC
Handling DPC = own SPC

Routing Discrimination

To MTP level 2 From MTP level 2

 Structure of Messages from MTP Users
User Data CIC OPC DPC SIO TUP

S
User Data CIC L OPC DPC SIO ISUP
S

S
User Data L OPC DPC SIO SCCP
S

S
User Data L OPC DPC SIO Network Management
C

F B
F CK SIF SIO LI I FSN I BSN F
B B First bit
8 16 8n, n>2 8 2 6 1 7 1 7 transmitted
8
Structure of SIF, SIO and Routing Label

Signalling Information Field (SIF)

User information Service information First bit

Label
subfield octet (SIO) transmitted

DCBA DCBA
SLS OPC DPC Subservice Service
field indicator(SI)
4 bits 14 bits 14 bits 4bits 4 bits
0000-0011 : IN0 0000 : SNM
Routing label
0100-0111 : IN1 0001 : SNT
1000-1011 : NA0 0011 : SCCP
OPC Originating Point Code 1100-1111 : NA1 0100 : TUP
0101 : ISUP
DPC Destination Point Code
SLS Signalling Link Selection
Signalling Routing (MTP and SCCP)

Application parts
BSSAP MAP INAP

RI = GT RI = SSN
GT Analysis
RI SSN
SCCP
Own SPC
DPC

Other DPC

SIO = SCCP

Distribution
MTP DPC is not own SPC
DPC = own SPC
Routing Discrimination
 Adding a New MSC to the Network
Creation of MAP
Create SCCP subsystem
(MAP-M, MAP-V) MAP
3 BSSAP TCAP TUP
Define SCCP
SCCP ISUP
to new MSC
2

Create MTP definitions MTP

(SL, SLS, SRS)
1

Start procedure Creation of ISUP

1 Create ISUP-ET
The ISUP Message Structure
Only circuit related signalling messages

ISUP User data Label

message
8n bits

Label
structure
CIC SLS OPC DPC

12bits 4bits 14 or 24 14 or 24 bits

 Application Parts
(Called the SCCP Subsystems)

MAP / INAP
BSSAP
TCAP

SCCP

MTP
 What are Application Parts?

• All application parts which use services

provided by SCCP level can be called as SCCP
subsystems or SCCP users.
• For example, SCCP subsystems are
– BSSAP
– MAP
– INAP
 BSSAP
(Base Station Subsystem Application
Part)
Both circuit-related and non-circuit related L

signalling messages.

MSC/VLR

DTAP (Call setup, location update)

DTAP

BSSAP
MS BSSMAP
BSSMAP
(Paging,HO)

BSC
 MAP (Mobile Application Part)
Only non-circuit related signalling messages
Ex of MAP is HLR Inquiry,Inter MSC HO,Authentication
IMEI Checking,SMS
F

EIR
MSC
B C

VLR D HLR

E G

•Uses services of MTP,SCCP &TCAP

VLR •Uses only connectionless service
B
MSC