Experimental linguistics

SCIENTIFIC EXPERIMENTS
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
• The Scientific Method is a systematic way to look at
a "problem" and evolve a solution.
• The method uses different stages of its methodology.
These steps follow the natural pattern of intuition,
observation, information gathering and analysis
• The system is designed to develop hypotheses,
conclusions and subsequent hypotheses to advance
the theory or mode of thinking.
WHAT ARE THE 5 BASIC STEPS?
• Define the problem;
• Reviewing the literature;
• Formulating the Hypothesis;
• Selecting the research design
and collecting , analyzing data;
• Developing the conclusion.
DEFINING THE PROBLEM
• The first step in any research project
• State as clearly as possible what it is you hope to investigate
• Clearly Outline the problem to be investigated

REVIEWING THE LITERATURE

• Researchers refine the problem under study, clarify possible
techniques to be used in collecting data and eliminate or
reduce avoidable mistakes

FORMULATING A HYPOTHESIS
• Hypothesis is a speculative statement about the relationship
between two or more factors known as variables
• Identifying dependent and independent variables is a critical
step in clarifying cause and effect relationship
 DEVELOPING A CONCLUSION

The conclusion of a research study represents both end and a

beginning. It terminates a specific phase of the investigation but
should also generate ideas for future study
MAJOR RESEARCH DESIGNS
• Research Design: Detailed plan or method for obtaining data scientifically.
• Selection of a research design is often based on the theories and hypotheses
the researcher starts with.
• The choosing of a design requires creativity and ingenuity because it
directly influences both the cost of the project and the amount of time
needed to collect data
• These designs including surveys, observations, experiments, and existing
sources.

A study, generally in the forma of an interview or questionnaire,

that provides researchers with information about how people
think and act
WHAT MAKES THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD POSSIBLE?
Hypothesis can only be verified using the scientific method described
here if there is a cause and effect relationship between the variables
you have chosen and the system you are studying.