AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES ANALYSIS OF

AIRCRAFT
– II STRUCTURES

(AER18R372)
© Kalasalingam academy of research and education
 Syllabus
SHEAR FLOW IN OPEN SECTIONS
Unit 2
Definition and expression for shear flow due
SHEAR FLOW IN OPEN
to bending, shear flow in thin-walled Open SECTIONS
sections with and without stiffening
elements, torsion of thin-walled Open
sections, the shear center of symmetric and Outcomes
unsymmetrical open sections, structural On completion of this unit, Students can able to
idealization analyze the thin walled open section beams supporting
shear loads, bending loads and torsional loads.

© Kalasalingam academy of research and education AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)

 Course Progress

Lesson 1. shear flow due to bending

Lesson 2. shear flow in thin-walled Open sections -

without stiffening elements
Lesson 3. shear flow in thin-walled Open sections - with
stiffening elements

Lesson 4. Torsion of thin-walled Open sections

Lesson 5. shear center of symmetric and unsymmetrical

open sections

Lesson 6. Structural idealization

© Kalasalingam academy of research and education AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)

 Lesson 2: shear flow in thin-walled Open sections - without stiffening elements
Topic 4: Problems on shear flow in thin-walled Open sections - without stiffening elements

Thin Walled Open Section Beams – Shear Flow

Near surface, shear stress = 0

Consider only shear loads applied through shear center (no twisting)
Torsion loads must be considered separately

© Kalasalingam academy of research and education AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)

 Thin Walled Open Section Beams – Shear Flow

Assumptions
Axial constraints are negligible Shear stresses normal to beam surface are negligible
Walls are thin
Direct and shear stresses on planes normal to the beam surface are const through the
thickness
Beam is of uniform section
Thickness may vary around c/s but not along the beam Thin-Walled Neglect higher
order terms of t (t2, t3, …)

© Kalasalingam academy of research and education AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)

 Problems on Expression for shear flow in thin-walled
Open sections - without stiffening elements

Problem: 1
For the beam and loading shown,
determine:
The shear flow 'q' distribution due to
'Vmax’
Maximum shear force, Vmax = 55.8kN
Take, Moment of Inertia, I=42.079*10-6m4

© Kalasalingam academy of research and education AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)

 Solution:

Shear flow, q = (V/I)*Y*A

Where,
◦ Y- Centroid point about y-axis
◦ A-Area of the element
◦ I-Moment of Inertia
◦ V- Shear force

© Kalasalingam academy of research and education AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)

 Solution:
Step 1: Find the shear flow in the upper
flange
© Kalasalingam academy of research and education
q0 = 0kN/m (Free edge shear flow will
always zero)
q0.064 = 85.18kN/m (Top right flange)
Due to symmetry about the vertical
centroidal axis, the shear flow in the
top left flange will be the same as the
flow in the top right (same magnitude,
opposite direction).
AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)
 Solution:
Step 2: Find the shear flow in the Web q0 = 170kN/m (Web, 0<q<0.34m)
Begin at the web-flange junction q0.23298 = 215.92kN/m (At centroid point in
the web – Maximum shear flow)

The maximum shear stress will

occur at the point on the cross section
where (q/t) is maximum. In this
problem maximum shear stress occurs
at the neutral axis.

© Kalasalingam academy of research and education AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)

 Solution:
Step 3: Find the maximum shear stress, τmax

τmax = qmax / t

= 215.93 / 0.006

= 35.988Mpa

© Kalasalingam academy of research and education AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)

 Result:

The maximum shear stress in the horizontal

flanges occur at their respective junction
with the vertical flange. This shear stress is
9.02 MPa.

The minimum shear stress in the vertical

flange is 28.39 MPa and the maximum shear
stress is 35.99 MPa.
© Kalasalingam academy of research and education AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)
 Practice Problem:

For the beam and loading shown,

determine:
The shear flow 'q' distribution due to
'Vmax’
Maximum shear force, Vmax = 55.64kN
Take, Moment of Inertia, I=6.8533*10-6m4

© Kalasalingam academy of research and education AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)

 Practice Problem: Hint
Step 1: Find the shear flow in the upper Step 2: Find the shear flow in the Web
flange Begin at the web-flange junction

© Kalasalingam academy of research and education AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)

 Practice Problem: Hint
Step 3: Find the maximum shear stress, τmax
Answer:

τmax = qmax / t

= 590.3 / (10*10-3)

= 59.03*103kN/m2

= 59.03MPa
© Kalasalingam academy of research and education AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)
 Topic 4: Problems on
Expression for shear flow in
thin-walled Open sections -
without stiffening elements
The maximum shear stress
will occur at the point on the
cross section where (q/t) is
maximum. In these problems,
maximum shear stress occurs at
the neutral axis. Second Lesson Summary
Shear flow in thin-walled Open sections - without
stiffening elements

© Kalasalingam academy of research and education AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)

 References & External Resources

Click to edit Master text styles ◦ Fourth level

T. H. G. level
◦ Second Megson, Aircraft Structures for Engineering
◦ Fifth level Students (Aerospace
◦ Third level
Engineering) 6th Edition, Kindle Edition
https://www.ae.msstate.edu/tupas/exp/A14.7_ex3.html

© Kalasalingam academy of research and education AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)

 Problems on

Roadmap Problems on shear center of

symmetric open sections
unsymmetrical open
Definition and
Problems on shear center of expression for
Structural
Structural idealization
of thin walled open
section
sections idealization
Problems on torsion of thin-
walled Open sections
Expression for torsion of
thin-walled Open sections
Problems on Expression for shear
flow in thin-walled Open sections
- with stiffening elements Expression for shear flow in
thin-walled Open sections - Problems on Expression
with stiffening elements
for shear flow in thin-
walled Open sections -
without stiffening
Definition and Expression for shear flow in thin- elements
expression for Problems on walled Open sections - without
shear flow due to shear flow due stiffening elements Lesson 1
bending to bending
Lesson 2

Lesson 3
Lesson 4

Lesson 5

Lesson
6

© Kalasalingam academy of research and education AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)

 Thank You!

© Kalasalingam academy of research and education AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES – II (AER18R372)