DEFORMACIÓN UNITARIA: LEY DE HOOKE

P
   stress
A
 2P P
   normal strain  
L 2A A


L P
 
A
2 
  
2L L
DEFORMACIÓN UNITARIA

𝐸=𝜎
  /𝐴

P
   stress
A   𝑃𝐿
 𝛿=
   normal strain 𝐸𝐴
L
DONDE: P= Carga
  L= Longitud
  E= Módulo Elástico
  A= Área Transversal
RELACIÓN DE POISSON
• For a slender bar subjected to axial
loading:
x
x  y z  0
E
• The elongation in the x-direction is
accompanied by a contraction in the
other directions. Assuming that the
material is isotropic (no directional
dependence),
y  z  0
• Poisson’s ratio is defined as

lateral strain y z
  
axial strain x x
 MÓDULO DE RIGIDEZ

Shear Modulus - YouTube.asf

• A cubic element subjected to a shear stress
will deform into a rhomboid. The
corresponding shear strain is quantified in
terms of the change in angle between the

τ xy  f  γ xy 
sides,

• A plot of shear stress vs. shear strain is similar

the previous plots of normal stress vs. normal
strain except that the strength values are
approximately half. For small strains,

 xy  G  xy  yz  G  yz  zx  G  zx
where G is the modulus of rigidity or shear
modulus.
RELACION DE CTES
ELÁSTICAS

𝐸=2𝐺 ( 1+𝜈 )
 

 
𝐸
𝐺=
2 ( 1+𝜈 )
 
𝐸
𝜈= −( 1)
2𝐺
EL MÓDULO DE RIGIDEZ (G) DE
CUALQUIER MATERIAL ES MENOR A
LA MITAD DE SU MÓDULO ELÁSTICO
(E), PERO SUPERIOR A LA TERCERA
PARTE DE ESTE.
 
1 1
𝐸 ≤𝐺 ≤ 𝐸
3 2