PIPELINE SHORE

APPROACH
CONTENTS
 Wave Characteristic

 Wave Breaking & Surf Zone

 Pipeline Installation at Shore Approach Region

 Soil Liquefaction
WAVE CHARACTERISTICS
WAVE BREAKING & SURF ZONE
WAVE BREAKING & SURF ZONE
 Swell: Deep water wave where D>1/2 L
 Transitional wave:

D≤1/2 L

Wave from swells becomes steeper (Peaking wave)

 Deeper part have friction with particle on bottom surface,

wave on top moves faster
 Front surface wave becomes steeper than back surface

 Shallow water wave:

 D<1/20 L

 Top wave travel much faster and wave height increases.

Top wave spill over and fall down
 Surf Zone:

 Extend to where wave breaks.

WAVE BREAKING & SURF
ZONE

The action of someone tripping is similar to the interaction

between a shallow-water and the bottom of the ocean
PIPELINE INSTALLATION

On-bottom Pull

TECHNIQUES FOR
PIPELINE
Pipeline Burial
INSTALLATION AT
SHORE APPROACH

Open Cut/ Cofferdam

Horizontal Directional
Drilling
ON-BOTTOM PULL
SOURCE: GOOGLE 
PIPELINE BURIAL &
COFFERDAM
 Pipeline burial:
 Pre-trench or post-trench

Rock dumping

 Cofferdam

 Install sheet piles to

become cofferdam
 Excavate

 Lay pipe

 Remove sheet piles

 Self burial

EVA-NMB GAS PIPELINE

 DIRECTIONAL DRILLING
 Place drilling rig on
punch-in point
 Drill borehole to
desired size
 Insert pipe

ANGSI-TCOT PIPELINE
SOIL LIQUEFACTION
 Cyclic loading, due to passage of waves may cause
liquefaction of seabed sediments.
 Most liquefaction problems occur in shallow water (shore
approach region).
 Loose cohesionless soil most susceptible to liquefaction.

 Liquefied soil behave as dense liquid and

SG(liquid)>SG(pipeline), pipe will rise to surface of soil.
 If SG(liquid)<SG(pipeline), pipe will sink until both SG are
equal.
 Pipeline trenching is required at soil liquefaction area
THANK YOU