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    BLB and BLS

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    Hilman Rachmat Ginanjar
    Bacterial Leaf Blight and Bacterial Leaf Streak are bacterial diseases that affect rice plants. Bacterial Leaf Blight is caused by Xanthomonas campestris and was first reported in Japan in 1884. It spreads widely and can cause over 36% yield decreases. Symptoms include grey, arched leaves with bacterial ooze coming from cuts. Controlling methods include using resistant rice varieties, limiting nitrogen fertilizer, and alternating dry and flooded conditions. Bacterial Leaf Streak is caused by Xanthomonas translucens and was first found in the Philippines in 1918. Symptoms appear as parallel, translucent streaks on leaves. It typically causes 5-10% yield decreases. The bacteria can survive between seasons in infected rice seeds and

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    BLB and BLS

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    Hilman Rachmat Ginanjar
    113 views16 pages
    Bacterial Leaf Blight and Bacterial Leaf Streak are bacterial diseases that affect rice plants. Bacterial Leaf Blight is caused by Xanthomonas campestris and was first reported in Japan in 1884. It spreads widely and can cause over 36% yield decreases. Symptoms include grey, arched leaves with bacterial ooze coming from cuts. Controlling methods include using resistant rice varieties, limiting nitrogen fertilizer, and alternating dry and flooded conditions. Bacterial Leaf Streak is caused by Xanthomonas translucens and was first found in the Philippines in 1918. Symptoms appear as parallel, translucent streaks on leaves. It typically causes 5-10% yield decreases. The bacteria can survive between seasons in infected rice seeds and

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    Bacterial Leaf Blight and Bacterial Leaf Streak are bacterial diseases that affect rice plants. Bacterial Leaf Blight is caused by Xanthomonas campestris and was first reported in Japan in 1884. It spreads widely and can cause over 36% yield decreases. Symptoms include grey, arched leaves with bacterial ooze coming from cuts. Controlling methods include using resistant rice varieties, limiting nitrogen fertilizer, and alternating dry and flooded conditions. Bacterial Leaf Streak is caused by Xanthomonas translucens and was first found in the Philippines in 1918. Symptoms appear as parallel, translucent streaks on leaves. It typically causes 5-10% yield decreases. The bacteria can survive between seasons in infected rice seeds and

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    113 views16 pages

    BLB and BLS

    Uploaded by

    Hilman Rachmat Ginanjar
    Bacterial Leaf Blight and Bacterial Leaf Streak are bacterial diseases that affect rice plants. Bacterial Leaf Blight is caused by Xanthomonas campestris and was first reported in Japan in 1884. It spreads widely and can cause over 36% yield decreases. Symptoms include grey, arched leaves with bacterial ooze coming from cuts. Controlling methods include using resistant rice varieties, limiting nitrogen fertilizer, and alternating dry and flooded conditions. Bacterial Leaf Streak is caused by Xanthomonas translucens and was first found in the Philippines in 1918. Symptoms appear as parallel, translucent streaks on leaves. It typically causes 5-10% yield decreases. The bacteria can survive between seasons in infected rice seeds and

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    of 16

    Bacterial Leaf Blight

    (Xanthomonas Campestris)

    Bacterial Leaf Streak


    (Xanthomonas Translucens)

    Presented On :
    Field Technical Annual Meeting
    By :
    Hilman Ginanjar
    Field Technical Assistant
    Karawang

    1
    Bacterial Leaf Blight
    (Xanthomonas Campestris)

    2
    History

    Bacterial Leaf Blight was found in Japan 0n 1884


    Spread wide in all over Rice Country such as China, Taiwan, Korea,
    Thailand, Philippine, India, Africa, and also Indonesia

    In Indonesia (Java), Bacterial Leaf Blight has a full concern on 1948.


    Reitsma and Schure (Bogor ;1950) thought that it’s a new disease and
    called it “Kresek”

    In Japan, Kresek is identified as Bacterial Leaf Blight, and international


    Kresek is the highest grade/Level from Bacterial Leaf Blight. Because the
    leafs are decaying, and causing decrease in yield more than 36%

    This disease is causing by bacterial which called


    Xanthomonas Campestris/Pseudomonas Oryzae
    (Ishiyama ; 1922)

    3
    Symptom

    Symptom are emerge 1-2 weeks after transplanting,


    Leafs which infection by Xanthomonas are green rather grey on leaf edge,
    arch, and generally first symptom seen on cut leaf when transplanting

    First, Bacteria attack few leafs, but it can spread until plant die.
    The last level of this symptom is decaying leafs which recognized by
    “Lodoh”

    Bacteria are live in binding small channel, if the infection leaf cut and put
    down in damp room, brass dilution jell will flow out from binding small
    channel which are million of bacterium

    4
    Symptom

    We can also find the symptom when rainy weather,


    and rice land are suffused, because bacteria are like
    high dampness condition.

    Too much Nitrogen also causing leafs infected easily,


    when leafs to much this element, the surface of the
    leafs are soft and hurt easily, when the leafs injured,
    bacteria will infiltrating inside leafs.

    5
    Disease Cycle
    Infection happen
    Bacteria infected from : when transplanting
    or a few days after
    1. Injured leafs cut when transplanting. transplanting.
    2. Through injured root when repeal process.
    3. Hurt by friction
    4. Hurt by insect

    Bacteria aren’t stay on seed, generally this disease doesn’t


    brought by seed

    Carrier plant, how it’s infect, and how the bacteria can
    survive from season to season still not yet known much.

    6
    Disease Cycle

    7
    Controlling Methods

    There are not yet cure to control this disease,


    but we can control it by :
    1. Planting the strength rice type
    2. Do not cut leaf edge if using transplant method
    3. Balance fertilization (do not to much nitrogen element
    esspecially when rainy season)
    4. Don’t suffuse rice land continuously, but alternate it with
    dry condition (Irrigating System)

    8
    Bacterial Leaf Streak
    (Xanthomonas Translucens)

    9
    History

    Bacterial Leaf Streak first time found in Philippine on 1918.


    This disease has serious concern on 1950, there are much
    found in tropical area such as Philippine, Indonesia, Thailand,
    Malaysia, South China, Vietnam, Cambodia, West Africa.

    In Indonesia, this disease reported by Oka (1972), According


    to Ramlan (1985) BLS spread in all over Indonesia, but Anon
    (1987/1989) not in Maluku and Papua.
    Generally, There are so many attack in high flow rate rain area
    in Indonesia

    This disease is causing by bacterial which called


    Xanthomonas Translucens.
    Called Translucens because the leafs seen translucent

    10
    Symptom

    Streak for the first time, parallel length with leaf bone, old green colored,
    wet, and translucent.
    Streak are increase accros the leaf bone. On damp condition dropping
    mucus which bacterial on it, and after it dry, looks like regular yellow blots.

    Next level, all leafs are brown and dead, leafs are discolor,
    looks grey, attack by saprofit microorganism.

    On this level, Streak can’t be different with Bacterial Leaf


    Blight.

    Differing from Bacterial Leaf Blight, Bacterial Leaf Streak are


    not expanding in small binding channel, and it not to much
    causing decrease on yield (5-10%).

    11
    Symptom

    We can also find the symptom when rainy weather,


    and high wind, because there are friction among
    leafs and causing leafs injured and bacteria can
    infiltrate easily.

    12
    Disease Cycle

    Bacteria can hold up from one season to


    another in seed of infected plant, after seed
    germinating, bacteria infect sprout by skin
    mouth.

    Bacteria can spread from one plant to another carried by


    irrigate water

    Wide spread can happen when rainy wind, cause the


    bacterial mucus are spread to other leafs, wind also
    causing injured leafs.

    13
    Disease Cycle

    14
    Controlling Methods

    Generally, doesn’t need special operation to control


    Bacterial Leaf Streak.
    If still are, do not plant seed which infected.
    When plant infect, do not too much activity in rice
    land area, because the friction can help the bacteria
    to spread.

    15
    Thank You

    16

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