Basic Design Principles of Turbofan Engine

P M V Subbarao
Professor
Mechanical Engineering Department

An Evolution of Turbojet for Better

Characteristics???
 Energy Flow in Jet Engine

Energy input

Long distance travel demands high flight velocity.

A Single hot Jet was creating huge noise.
Also blackmailing the jet engine !!!
High flight velocity leads to drop in compactness and fuel
economy.
 An Evolved design of Turbojet
Inlet

m
 fan

m air m
 core m
 core m
 core
m total

m
 fan
4 7 or hj
5 6
1 2 3 cj
Total thrust may be Shared by both cold and hot jets..
In 1939-1941 Soviet designer Arkhip Lyulka elaborated the design
of turbojet and created an evolved turbojet.
Created the world's first turbofan engine, and acquired a patent
for this new invention on April 22, 1941.
Special Design Variable for an Ideal Turbofan Engine
Inlet
m fan

m air m core

1
2
 Sizing of Fan
Inlet
m fan m fan

m core
m air
m core
Design Parameter : Fan Total Pressure ratio

1
2 3

 W fan  m core 1    c pT0 1   0 p , fan 

 Sizing of Compressor
Inlet m fan

m air m core

Design Parameter : Compressor total

4 pressure ratio
2 3
1

 W compressor  m core c pT0  0 p , fan 1   0 p ,comp 

 Sizing of Combustor

Inlet m fan

m air m core

5
4

1
2 3
f 
  0 ,cc  0 p , fan 0 p ,comp 
H .V .
  0,cc
c pT0
Combined Gas Dynamic & Thermodynamic SSSF model for Turbine
Inlet m fan

m air m core

6
4 5

1
2 3

 W turbine  m core 1  f  c p  0,ccT0  1   0 p ,turb 

