C.A.

DOXIADIS :-Concept of Human Settlement

INTRODUCTION
 C. A. Doxiadis, was a Greek architect and town planner.
 He was known as the lead architect of Islamabad.
 The father of ekistics.
 (Ekistics concerns the science of human settlements,
including
regional, city, community planning and dwelling design).
 He organized 5 ekistics elements: ‘nature’, ‘anthropos’,
‘society’
shells &‘nehoorks’
 Ekistics aims to encompass all scales of human habitation
& seek to learn from archaeological historic record, as much as
possible, at total settlement pattern:
BY EKISTICS UNITS: FOUR BASIC GROUPS :-
 Minor shells or elementary units- Man(Anthropos), room, house;
 Micro-settlements- units smaller than, or as small as, the traditional town
(housegroup. smail neighbourhood):
 Meso-settlements- ketween traditional town & conurbation within which one
can commute daily(small polis, polis, small metropolis, small eperopolis,
eperopolis)
 Macro-settlements- whose largest possible expression is the Ecumenopolis

THE KEY PRINCIPLES ARE :-

 Optimization of potential contacts
 Minimize efforts to make contacts.
 Try to make things easy & easy
accessibility.
 Optimization of protective open space
 Waste balance with environment
 synthesis of all principles
 PLANNING OF ISLAMBAD
 Master plan prepared in 1960 considering Islamabad as a part of a
large metropolitan area by integrating the city of Rawalpindi as a
twin city.
 *The important characteristics considered for planning of
Islamabad at that time were as follows:
 Site selection :-Proposed United Nations Trans-Asian Highway and
Topographical conditions such as a foothill of Himalayas.
 Dynapolis:-Three component of Metropolitan area will be
connected by four major highways
 Grid iron pattern:- Divide sector 2*2 km and sector used for
residential, educational, commercial and administrative
 Transportation network:-hierarchically structured road network
comprising a width of 1200, 600, 300 ft intersecting at right angles
and local road made to serve community