Counseling and

its work settings

COUNSELING
• Counseling- the provision of assistance and guidance in
resolving personal, social, or psychological problems and
difficulties, especially by professional. Counselors help their
clients by counseling them;
• Counselors also help their clients explore and understand their
worlds and so discover better ways of thinking and living.
Some definitions include counseling:

a. Help clients understand and clarify their views of their

lifespace, and to learn to reach their self determined goals
through meaningful, well-informed choices and through
resolution or problems of an emotional or interpersonal nature.
(Burks and Steffire, 1979)

b. Work individuals and with relationships which may be

developmental, crisis support, psychotherapeutic, guiding or
problem solving.. (BAC 1984)
c. The task of counseling is to give the client an opportunity to
explore, discover, and clarify ways of giving more satisfyingly
and resourcefully. (BAC 1984)

d. A principled relationship characterized by the application of one

or more psychological theories and a recognized set of
communication skills, modified by experience intuition ad other
interpersonal factors, to clients’ intimate concerns, problems or
aspirations. (Feltham and Dryden, 1993)
Counseling
• A common factor in most counseling situations is that the
client is more demoralized, distressed or otherwise in a
negative state of mind about something.

• Counseling can be for one person or a group(couples and

families) and may be delivered through a number of
methods, from face-face dialogue, group work, telephone,
email and written materials.

• Counseling is largely a voluntarily activity whereby clients

must wish to change and collaborate willingly with the
counselor.
RESULTS OF COUNSELING
Results of Counseling can include:
• Insight and understanding of oneself, with greater self
awareness.
• Changing of one’s beliefs and mental model.
• Increased acceptance and appreciation of oneself.
• Increased emotional intelligence
• Increase ability to control oneself and one’s urges
• Improved motivations towards actions that are good
for one’s self
• Improvement of relationship with others.
• Making amend for past negative actions.
Work settings
• Professional counselors can also work in similar
environments. Settings in which a counseling
professional may work include private practice,
community settings, the legal system, long term care
facilities, short-term facilities, and in educational system.

Work settings
Schools
• You may choose to counsel at a school. School
counselors can serve many different functions such as
helping high school students plan for college and for a
career; helping middle school children with their social
and family life concerns.
• A counselor in a hospital is most likely to work with
inpatient clients. The job functions could vary greatly
from working with mental illness to helping someone
through their grief to rehabilitation counseling.

Hospitals
• Counselors employed by churches are often considered
pastoral counselors. These type of counselors may
counsel on many different issues, but they will likely to
revolve around spiritual concerns such as the afterlife,
forgiveness, and morality.

CHURCHES
• Counselors in mental health clinics may work with
inpatient or outpatient clients. Generally they will see
more mental illness than counselor in private practice. In
other words they have a higher degree of clients with
disorders such as bipolar disorder and a lower incidence
of clients with marital discord as their primary concern.

MENTAL HEALTH CLINICS

• Career counselors administer personality, aptitude, and
interest assessments to help people determine their ideal
career. They also counsel people who are in a career
transition such as recently being laid off from a long-term
position. In addition, they may help clients develop a
good resume and prepare for interviews.

CAREER CENTERS
THANK YOU!