CUSTOM POWER DEVICES

SUBHADIP SADHUKHAN
MT20EEE014
CONTENTS SLIDE NO.
• Introduction • 3
• Custom Power Devices and its classification • 4
• Static current limiter • 5
• Static transfer switch • 6
• Static circuit breakers • 7
• Uninterruptible Power Supply • 8
• DSTATCOM • 9-10
• DVR • 11-12
• UPQC • 13
• Installations • 14
• Reference • 15
INTRODUCTION
• The deregulation of electric power energy has boosted the public awareness
toward power quality among different categories of users.

• Passive filters are advantageous for their low initial cost and high efficiency, but it
has drawbacks of instability , fixed compensation , resonance with power supply
as well as loads and utility impedance.

• Power quality level is not obtained in usage of active power filters.

• To overcome the power disturbances and customer dissatisfaction , power

electronic controllers were launched and the evolution of them has given birth to
custom power.
CUSTOM POWER DEVICES AND ITS
CLASSIFICATION
• Custom power is a strategy , which is intended principally to convene the requirement of industrial and
commercial users.
• Application of power electronic controllers helps us to distribute quality power to the sensitive users and
these controllers can be named as custom power devices.
• For the generation of custom power devices VSI is generally used due to self-supporting of DC bus
voltage with a large DC capacitor.
CUSTOM
POWER DEVICES

NETWORK
COMPENSATING
RECONFIGURIN
TYPE
G TYPE

STATIC STATIC
STATIC CIRCUIT
TRANSFER CURRENT DSTATCOM DVR UPQC
BREAKER
SWITCH LIMTER
 STATIC CURRENT LIMITER

• It is a GTO/thyristor based device applied for high current limiting.

• It offers high impedance during fault condition and low impedance during normal condition.
• But sudden interruption of large current leads to transient overvoltage which in turn gives rise to
voltage magnification at the customer side.
 STATIC TRANSFER SWITCH
• Static transfer switch (STS) is used to protect sensitive load voltage sag or swell and it consists of two
parallel connected thyristor or GTO blocks.
• The main advantage of Static transfer switch is that it conducts load current continuously but in high
power application , it leads to conducting losses.
STATIC CIRCUIT BREAKERS
• Based on GTO or thyristor switching technology , these are applied to reduce fault
current and protect the distribution system.
• Being a high speed switching device , it offers very high speed sensitivity and a very
long life.
• High on state losses , cost and complex design are the major drawbacks.
UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY
• Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) is the conventional response to circumvent
production interruption and outage costs.
• For high power load financially , it is not suitable because of two conversions the
maintenance cost of battery has become too high.
 DSTATCOM
• Static shunt compensator is commercially known as DSTATCOM.
• DSTATCOM , a VSI based static compensator device , is applied to maintain bus voltages at the
required level by supplying or receiving of reactive power in the distribution system.
• It consists of a VSI , dc energy storage device, an active filter and coupling transformer.
 •   (VI* Vbus/XL) sin α
Q =Vbus(Vbus-VI)/XL cos α

VI= Inverter voltage

α= Phase angle difference between bus and inverter voltage

• Response is much faster to changing system conditions.

• No loss of synchronism under a major disturbance and maintenance is
easier.
• Though it does not contribute to short circuit current, it has a high cost level
due to complex setup.
• It is used in power factor improvement, current harmonic compensation,
load current balancing.
 DVR
• Static series compensator is commercially known as Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR).
• DVR being a high switching speed series connected custom power device , is designed to
inject a dynamically controlled voltage in magnitude and phase into distribution line via
coupling transformer to correct load voltage.
• It consists of a energy storage device, boost converter, voltage source inverter, ac filter,
coupling transformer connected in series.
• DVR provides reliable distribution power quality.
• DVR suppresses voltage sags and swells compensation but high speed transients
cannot be compensated.
• Since transformer tapping may be used, tap changing under load is costly.
• DVR is used in voltage balancing and regulation.
 UPQC
• It is the combination of series and shunt active conditioner; most flexible device as it can
suppress current in shunt and voltage in series simultaneously.
• Unified Power Quality Compensators allow the mitigation of voltage and current disturbances
while compensating the load reactive power.
• It consists of combined series and shunt active power filters.
INSTALLATIONS
• The first DSTATCOM was installed for reactive power compensation at timber mill in
British Columbia, Canada.
• World’s first DVR has been installed in the Dukey power distribution system to protect a
sensitive textile customer from voltage dips on August 26, 1946.
• Several locations are proposed for DSTATCOM installations like Nalagarh and New
Lucknow in Northern Region, Solapur in Western Region ,Trichy in Southern Region,
Rourkela in Eastern Region etc.
 REFERENCES

• Satyaveer Gupt, Ankit Dixit, Nikhil Mishra, S.P. Singh “Custom Power Devices for Power Quality
Improvement: A review’’ in IJERAS Volume 2 Issue 2(February 2012);ISSN 2249-3905
• T.Devaraju, Dr. V.C.Veera Reddy, Dr. M. Vijaya Kumar “Role of custom power devices in power
quality enhancement: A review” in IJEST Volume 2(8), 2010,3628-2634
• N.D.Mehta, Ashish P.Patel, A.M. Haque “A review on power quality improvement via custom power
devices” in IJAEMS Volume 2 Issue 9(Sep 2016);ISSN 2454-1311
• Prafull A.Desale, Visvadeep J. Dhawale, Ranjeet M. Bandgar “Brief Review Paper on the Custom
Power Devices for Power Quality Improvement” in IJEEE Volume 7 Issue 7(2014), pp. 723-733; ISSN
0974-2174
• FACTS by K.R. Padiyar, New Age International Publishers.