JOSE RIZAL

LIFE, WORKS, AND

WRITINGS
 CHAPTER 1: ADVENT OF A
NATIONAL HERO
June 19, 1861 – birth date of Jose Rizal
Born in Calamba, Province of Laguna
7th child of the Rizal Family
June 22, 1861 – Rizal’s baptism
nickname “Pepe”
The greatest Filipino hero and peerless genius
 CHAPTER 1: ADVENT OF A
NATIONAL HERO
Father Rufino Collantes – priest who baptized Rizal
Father Pedro Casanas – Rizal’s Godfather
Maria Herbosa- nephew of Casanas and will marry
Lucia
Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado Y Alonzo Realonda
Lt, General Jose Lemery – the Governor General of
the Philippines when Rizal was born
 Jose– was chosen by his mother who was a devotee of San
Jose (St. Joseph)
 Protacio- from Gervacio P. which come from a Christian
calendar
 Mercado – adopted in 1731 by Domingo Lameo (the paternal
great-grandfather of Rizal ) which Spanish term “mercado”
means “market” in English
 Rizal
– from the word “Racial” in Spahish means a field
where weat, cut while stillgreen, sprouts again
Y and
 Realonda-was used by Dona Teodora from the surname of
her godmother based in the culture by the Filipinos
 RIZAL’S PARENTS
Francisco Mercado Rizal – real
name Francisco Engracio Rizal
Mercado y Alejandra II
born on May 11, 1818
born in Binan Laguna
June 28, 1848, he married
Teodora
the youngest of the 13 children of
Cirila Alejandro and Juan
Mercado
Teodora Alonzo Realonda– real
name Teodora Morales Alonzo
Realndo y Quintos
born on November 9, 1827
Rizal’s first teacher
Second child of Lorenzo Alonzo
and Brigida de Quintos
went to Collge of Sta. Rosa
THE RIZAL FAMILY
 RIZAL’S ANCESTRY

PATERNAL SIDE MATERNAL SIDE

Domingo Lameo– great-great grandfather
A Chinese immigrant from Chang chow “China’s
City of Spring”, he was married to Ines De La Rosa
1731- he adopt the name Mercado meaning market
Francisco Mercado- Domingo Lameo’s son
Juan Mercado- Francisco’s son married Cirila
Alejandro
Francisco Mercado- Rizal’s father (son of Juan
Mercado)
Lakan Dula– descendant
Eugenio Ursua – great-great grandfather of Rizal
He was married to Benigna
Regina- daughter of Eugenio, married Manue de
Quintos
Brigida- daughter of Regina, married to Lorenzo
Alberto, mother of Narcisa, Teodora, Gregorio,
Jose, and Manuel
Rizal- “racial” meaning “new pasture” and green
field
 CHAPTER 2
CHILDHOOD YEARS IN
CALAMBA
JOSE RIZAL had many beautiful memories of
childhood in his native town. He grew up in a happy
home, with good parents, bubbling with joy, and
sanctified by God’s blessings.
CALAMBA, natal town of Rizal, named after a big
native jar. A hacienda town which belong to the
Dominican friars who also owned the lands around it.
UN RECUERDO A MI PUEBLO (IN MEMORY OF MY TOWN) a
poem written by Rizal in 1876 (15 yrs old) while he was a
student of Ateneo remembering his hometown
Childhood memories;
• Rizal is frail, sickly, and undersized child
• His father built a nipa hut in the garden for him
to play in day time
• daily Angelus prayer
• nocturnal walk in the town, moonlight walk by the river
Rizal’s First Sorrow:
• the death of little Concha
• Concha (Concepcion), Jose loved the most of his
sisters
• Rizal played with herand upon whom Rizal
learned the sweetness of sisterly love
• Rizal was very fond of her and cried bitterly at
losing her
• died of sickness in 1865, age 3, Rizal was 4 years
old then
Rizal’sFirst Sorrow:
“…and then for the first time I shed tears caused by love
and grief…”
DEVOTED SON OF THE CHURCH
•Rizal grew of a good Catholic
•age 5 when he was able to read haltingly the Spanish
family Bible
•he seriously devout that he was laughingly called Manong
Jose by the Hermanos and Hermanas Terceras
•his mother was a devout Catholic
•town priest Fr. Leoncio Lopez was one of the men Rizal
respected
PILGRIMAGE TO ANTIPOLO
• June 6, 1868 with his father, to fulfill his
mother’s vow which was made when Jose was born,
his mother could not accompany them as she has
given birth to Trinidad
• first trip of Jose across Laguna de Bay and his first
pilgrimage to Antipolo riding a casco (barge), his
first lake voyage, and did not sleep the whole night
as the casco sailed towards the Pasig River
• Jose and his father went to Manila afterwards to
visit Saturnina who was studying at La Concordia
THE STORY OF THE MOTH
• story told by Doña Teodora to her favorite son Jose
that made the most profound impression on him
• the tragic fate of the young moth which “died a martyr
to its illusions”, such noble death, “to sacrifice one’s
life for it,” which means for an ideal, is “worthwhile”
• like the young moth, he was fated to die as a martyr
for a noble ideal
• “The Childs’s Friend” (El Amigo de los Ninos) a Spanish
reader
ARTISTIC TALENTS
• age 5, started making sketches with his pencil,
mold in clay and wax objects which attracted his
fancy (sketching and sculpturing talent)
• he found great joy in nature; riding the pony bought
by his father; take long walks in the meadows and
lakeshore with his black dog named Usman
• anecdote of Rizal on his clay and wax images,
“All right laugh at me now! Someday when I die,
people will make monuments and images of me!”
RIZAL’S FIRST POEM
• his mother, being a lover of literature noticed his
poetic inclination and encouraged him to write
poetry
• age 8, he wrote his first poem in the native
language entitled Sa Aking Mga Kababata (To My
Fellow Children) that revealed his earliest
nationalist sentiment
• in poetic verses he proudly proclaimed that a
people who truly love their native language will
surely strive for liberty
FIRST DRAMA BY RIZAL
• Tagalog comedy applauded in Calamba festival, the
manuscript of which was bought by Gobernadorcillo
from Paete, Laguna for 2 pesos. It was also shown
during Paete’s fiesta.
RIZAL AS BOY MAGICIAN
• making a coin appear and disappear in his finger
• handkerchief vanishing in thin-air
• magic lantern exhibition, casting shadows in white
screen
• Puppet shows, making shapes using his fingers
LAKESHORE REVERIES
• with his pet dog (Usman) he used to meditate at
Laguna de Bay wondering what might be over on the
other side of the waves
• When he became a man, he wrote to Mariano Ponce
(a friend of Rizal);
“In view of these injustice and cruelties, although
yet a child, my imagination was awakened and I
made a vow dedicating myself someday to avenge
the many victims”
INFLUENCES ON THE HERO’S BOYHOOD
• HEREDITARY INFLUENCE
Malayan ancestors; love for freedom, innate desire to travel
and indomitable courage
Chinese ancestors; serious nature, frugality, patience, love
for children
Spanish Ancestors; elegance of bearing, sensitivity to insult,
gallantry to ladies
Father; sense of self-respect, love of work, independent
thinking
Mother; religious nature, self-sacrifice, passion for arts and
literature
ENVINRONMENTAL INFLUENCE
• Scenic Beauties of Calamba; literary talents
• Religious Atmosphere at home; religious nature
• Paciano; love of freedom and justice
• Rizal’s sisters; courteousy and respect to women
• Tio Jose Alberto; artistic ability, studied 11 years
in a British school in Calcutta India; travelled Europe
• Tio Gregorio; love for reading of books
• Tio Manuel; develop his body through physical
exercises, horse riding, walking and wrestling
ENVINRONMENTAL INFLUENCE
• Father Leoncio Lopez; Rizal’s love for scholarship
and intellectual honesty
• Death of Concha and Improsenment of Dona Teodora;
contributed to Rizal to strengthen his character,
enabling him to resist blows of adversity in later years
• The Spanish abuses and cruelties he witnessed in his
boyhood, e.g. brutal acts of the lieutenant of the
Guardia Civil and the alcalde, unjust tortures inflicted
on innocent Filipinos, execution of the GOMBURZA ;
awakened Rizal’s spirit of patriotism
AID OF DIVINE PROVIDENCE
• greater than heredity and environment in the
fate of man- a person cannot attain greatness in
the annals of the nation despite having
everything life (brains, wealth, and power)
without this- Rizal was providentially destined to
be the pride and glory of his nation; endowed by
God with versatile gifts of a genius, vibrant spirit
of a nationalist, and the valiant heart to sacrifice
for a noble cause
ACTIVITY TIME...