DRILLING PRACTICES

Basic Drill String Design

 DRILL STEM COMPONENTS
Top Drive

Jars

Crossovers
drillpipe

Drill
Collars

Heavy Weight drillpipe Stabilisers

(HWDP)
Bit
Air Weight Buoyed Weight
BUOYANCY AND NEUTRAL POINT
Subjected to Buckling

Keeps rest of Drill String in Tension

70% to 85% Max of Drill Collar Wt.

In compression to provide Weight on Bit

Example 1 0 lbs..
Air
BUOYANCY
Example 2
Weight

20 lbs... 10 ppg fluid

Volume of
immersed object
= 2 gallons

Volume displaced
Buoyed
Weight by immersed object
= 2 gallons
18
lbs...
Bf = 18 lbs.. = .9
20 lbs.. Buoyancy Force (Fb) = Weight of fluid
displaced x Volume of fluid displaced.

Any object
immersed in this Fb = 10 ppg x 2 = 20 lbs..
fluid would lose its
air weight by a
factor of .9
 BUOYANCY FORCE/FACTOR
EXAMPLE

DP Metal displacement = .00764 bbls/ft

61.38 bbls DC Metal displacement = .054 bbls/ft

If 4500 ft of pipe and 500 ft of drill collars are ran into

a well with 10 ppg mud the volume displaced from
the well would be.

4500 x .00764 = 34.38 bbls

500 x .054 = 27 bbls
Total = 61.38 bbls or x 42 = 2578 galls

The Fb (buoyancy force) = 2578 x 10 ppg = 25,780 lbs..

 BUOYANCY FORCE/FACTOR
CONTINUED

DP approximate weight = 20.87 lbs../ft

DC weight = 148 lbs../ft
Weight in air = (4500 x 20.87) + (500 x 148) = 167,915 lbs..

The Fb (buoyancy force) = 2578 x 10 ppg = 25,780 lbs..

If the weight in air is 167,915 lbs.. and the buoyancy

force is 25,780 lbs... The immersed weight will be
167,915 - 25,780 = 142,135 lbs..

Bf = 142,135 = .847
167,915
 BUOYANCY FORCE/FACTOR
CONTINUED

Density of Drilling
Fluid = 10 ppg

Bf = 1- Df 1- 10 = 1- .153 = .847
Ds 65.5

Density of Carbon
Steel = 65.5 ppg
 DRILL COLLARS FOR WEIGHT ON BIT

35,000 lbs.. (Buoyed wt) = 42,839 lbs.. (Air wt)

Neutral Point
.817 Bf

42,839 lbs.. (80% For WOB) = 53,550 lbs.. (100% of collars)

.8

53,550 lbs.. = 364 ft of Drill Collars

147 lb/ft

364 ft = 12 Drill Collars

30
DRILL COLLARS and HEAVY WEIGHT drillpipe FOR
WEIGHT ON BIT

300 HWDP x 49.3 lbs../ft = 14,790 lbs..

DC. 53,550 lbs.. - 14,790 lbs.. = 38,760 lbs.. of DC weight

38,760 lbs.. = 263 ft of Collars

147 lbs../ft

263 ft = 8.7 rounded up to 9 Drill Collars or 9 x 30 = 270 ft

30 ft

Length of BHA (300 + 270) = 570 ft

MARGIN OF OVERPULL AND TENSION AT TOP OF HWDP

Tension at top of Heavy Weight if maximum

pull applied = 154,480 lbs..

100,000 lbs.. MOP + 54,480 BHA weight = 154,480 lbs..

New BHA weight = (9 x 30 x 147) + 14,790 = 54,480 lbs..

 MAXIMUM drillpipe LENGTH

Max load of S135 = 504,687 lbs..

Load already applied if BHA and maximum
margin of overpull is used. = 154,480 lbs...

Max length of S135 = 504,687 - 154,480 = 15,495 ft

22.6 lb/ft

Tension at top of BHA and

bottom of S135 = 154,480 lbs..
 LOAD WHILE DRILLING AT 12500 ft
Design over-pull available = 180,589 lbs..

Actual over-pull available = 239,899 lbs..

S135 length = 11,930 ft

Weight of pipe -
11,930
lbs.. ft x 22.6 lb/ft = 269,618
12,500 ft

Total Air weight of drill string (269,618 + 54,480) = 324,098 lbs..

Buoyed weight (Load) = 324,098 x .817 = 264,788 lbs..

BHA length = 570 ft

BHA weight = 54,480 lbs..
 MAXIMUM SURFACE TORQUE

S135 = 28,381 ft/lbs..

HWDP from data = 30,000 ft/lbs..

Surface Torque Limited To

28,381 ft/lbs..
Drill Collars = 45,680 ft/lbs..
 BENDING STRENGTH RATIO

ZB = .098 x (D4 - b4)

BSR = ZB D ZB = (D4 - b4) x R
Zp Zp = .098 x (R - d4)
4
Zp (R4 - d4) x D
R

Where:
R BSR = Bending Strength Ratio
ZB = Box Section Modulus - cu-in
d
Zp = Pin Section Modulus - cu-in
D = OD of Pin and Box - in.

b d = ID or Bore - in.
b = Thread root diameter of box threads
at end of pin - in
R = Thread root diameter of pin threads
3/4” from shoulder of pin - in.
D
 BENDING STRENGTH RATIO EXAMPLE

ZB = .098 x (D4 - b4)

BSR = ZB D ZB = (D4 - b4) x R
Zp Zp = .098 x (R - d4)
4
Zp (R4 - d4) x D
R
NC 46 - 62
D = 6.25”
R
d = 2.8125”

d b = 4.12”
R = 4.465”

b ZB = (6.254 - 4.124) x 4.465 = 5523 = 2.638

Zp (4.4654 - 2.81254) x 6.25 2093