‫اختبار أنظمة البرمجيات‬

‫‪SWEN 5325‬‬
‫د محمد زكي شبير‬
‫‪www.islamit.net‬‬
 Chapter 1
Introduction

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Introduction
• Software testing provides basic and advanced concepts of software
testing.
• Software testing is widely used technology because it is compulsory
to test each and every software before deployment.
• Software testing includes all topics of Software testing such as
Methods such as Black Box Testing, White Box Testing, Visual Box
Testing and Gray Box Testing. Levels such as Unit Testing,
Integration Testing, Regression Testing, Functional Testing. System
Testing, Acceptance Testing, Alpha Testing, Beta Testing, Non-
Functional testing, Security Testing, Portability Testing
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What is Software Testing?
• Software testing is a process of identifying the
correctness of software by considering its all
attributes (Reliability, Scalability, Portability, Re-
usability, Usability) and evaluating the execution
of software components to find the software
bugs or errors or defects

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continue

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continue
• Software testing provides an independent view and objective
of the software and gives surety of fitness of the software. It
involves testing of all components under the required services
to confirm that whether it is satisfying the specified
requirements or not. The process is also providing the client
with information about the quality of the software.
• Testing is mandatory because it will be a dangerous situation if
the software fails any of time due to lack of testing. So,
without testing software cannot be deployed to the end user.

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What is Testing?
• Testing is a group of techniques to determine the
correctness of the application under the predefined script
but, testing cannot find all the defect of application.
• The main intent of testing is to detect failures of the
application so that failures can be discovered and
corrected. It does not demonstrate that a product
functions properly under all conditions but only that it is
not working in some specific conditions.

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continue
• Testing furnishes comparison that compares the
behavior and state of software against
mechanisms because the problem can be
recognized by the mechanism. The mechanism
may include past versions of the same specified
product, comparable products, and interfaces of
expected purpose, relevant standards, or other
criteria but not limited up to these.
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continue
• Testing includes an examination of code and also
the execution of code in various environments,
conditions as well as all the examining aspects of
the code. In the current scenario of software
development, a testing team may be separate
from the development team so that Information
derived from testing can be used to correct the
process of software development.
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continue
• The success of software depends upon acceptance of
its targeted audience, easy graphical user interface,
strong functionality load test, etc.
• For example, the audience of banking is totally
different from the audience of a video game.
Therefore, when an organization develops a software
product, it can assess whether the software product
will be beneficial to its purchasers and other audience
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Manual testing
• The process of checking the functionality of an
application as per the customer needs without taking
any help of automation tools is known as manual
testing.
• While performing the manual testing on any application,
we do not need any specific knowledge of any testing
tool, rather than have a proper understanding of the
product so we can easily prepare the test document.

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White-box testing
• The white box testing is done by Developer,
where they check every line of a code before
giving it to the Test Engineer.
• Since the code is visible for the Developer during
the testing, that's why it is also known as White
box testing.

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Black box testing
• The black box testing is done by the Test
Engineer, where they can check the functionality
of an application or the software according to
the customer /client's needs.
• In this, the code is not visible while performing
the testing; that's why it is known as black-box
testing.
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Gray Box testing
• Gray box testing is a combination of white box
and Black box testing

int i=0; print

For i = 1 to 10
Print (i);
End
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F1 is used to print the number from 1 to 10 • output
•1
•2
int i=0; print •3
For i = 1 to 10 •4
Print (i); •5
End •6
•7
•8
•9
• 10
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How to perform Manual Testing
1. First, tester observes all documents related to software, to select
testing areas.
2. Tester analyses requirement documents to cover all requirements
stated by the customer.
3. Tester develops the test cases according to the requirement document.
4. All test cases are executed manually by using Black box testing and
white box testing.
5. If bugs occurred then the testing team informs the development team.
6. The Development team fixes bugs and handed software to the testing
team for a retest.

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Client Req Software Functions test
User can login User can login ok
User can view profile - missing
User can make order Order management ok
User can cancel order Order delete modify
User can print order Print order ok
User can email order report
User can save order as pdf - missing
Order notification by sms
Change order title

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Software Build Process

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Example of Build process

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Advantages of Manual Testing
• It does not require programming knowledge while using
the Black box method.
• It is used to test dynamically changing GUI designs.
• Tester interacts with software as a real user so that they
are able to discover usability and user interface issues.
• It ensures that the software is 100% bug-free.
• It is cost-effective.
• Easy to learn for new testers.
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Disadvantages of Manual Testing
• It requires a large number of human resources.
• It is very time-consuming.
• Tester develops test cases based on their skills and experience.
There is no evidence that they have covered all functions or not.
• Test cases cannot be used again. Need to develop separate test
cases for each new software.
• It does not provide testing on all aspects of testing.
• Since two teams work together, sometimes it is difficult to
understand each other's motives, it can mislead the process.
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