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Nervous Tissue.: Dr. Zahid Mehmood DPT, MS-NMPT
Nervous Tissue.: Dr. Zahid Mehmood DPT, MS-NMPT
It Consists of:
• Cell body
• Processes
Cell body(perikaryon or
soma)
•It is basically a cell nucleus
surrounded by cytoplasm.
•Nuclei of nerve cells are:
large, round and
euchromatic with a single
prominent nucleolus.
•Centrioles- absent.
•Cytoplasm of nerve cell
bodies is abundantly
supplied with: - masses of
RER ,numerous Golgi
bodies, lysosomes
Cell
body.....
•Nissl substance:-(nissl bodies /
granules):-granular material,
composed of rough endoplasmic
reticulum.
protein synthesis – high
•Neurofibrils:- microflaments and
microtubules)
•Pigment granules:-
neuromelanin( substantia
nigra)
lipofuscin(resudual
bodies –
lysosomes)
Aggregation of cell
PROCESSES (NEURITES)
Two types:-
• Axon
• Dendrites
Initial segment
Axon:-
• long, cylindrical process up to 1m
• nissl substance absent
• axon hillock
telodendria
• impulse:- away from cell body.
• telodendria.
• terminal boutons.
• commenly refer to as nerve fibers
Dendrites
•Numerous, Highly branched
•Irregular
•Terminate near the cell body.
•Nissl granules – present
•Impluse- towards the cell body
Gray matter:- cell body of
neuron unmyelinated
White matter:- myelinated fibers
1. Multipolar neurones:-
many processes arises form the cell body
eg:- motor neurone
• 2.Bipolar neurone
•single dendrites and axon eg:- olfactory
neuron, retina.
3.Unipolar neurone
single dendrite and the axon arise
form common stem of the cell body.
Eg:- dorsal root ganglian.
According to variation
in axon
2 types
2. Protoplasmic astrocyte:-
• grey matter
• numerous short , highly branch cytoplasmic process.
olios– few, dendron– tree.
Oligodendrocytes
•Small number of short , branching
process.
•Myelination of axon in CNS.(4th
mts)
•Upto 50 axon
•Aggregate closely around nerve cell
bodies.
•Large cell, with
Small rounded condense nuclei
Cytoplasm unstain( clear halo oligodendrocyte
around nuclei)
Microgli
a:-
•Small cell,
•mesenchymal in origin.
•Elongated nuclei,
•little cytoplasm which forms, highly branch process
•Becomes active after damage phagocytes.
Ependy
ma
•Epithelial lining of ventricles and spinal canal
• Cuboidal to low columnar, and tightly bounded at
luminal surface
•Luminal surface cilia present
•Donot rest on BM
which ramify with process of astrocytes.
Ependymal
Schwann cell
( lemnocytes, peripheral glial )
1.Sensory
2.Autonomic
Sensory:-
unipolar
• fibers passes
centrally
• ganglion cell
located
peripherally
• nerve cell
body–
Autonomic
ganglion
•Multipolar
•Neuron are scattered througout the
ganglion
•Nerve fiber are non myelinated and
thinner so, less conspicious than
sensory
•satellite cell present but not well
define
•Nissl subs are better define.
•Outside by connective tissue
capsule.
Thank
you