FILIPINO values and practices

1. Solidarity- “pakikipagkapwa”
2. Utang na Loob- technique of
reciprocity of debt or gratitude
3. Pakikisama-value of
belongingness and loyalty
4. Hiya- controls to a large extent
the behaviour of the individual
5. Bahala na- rests on a fatalistic
outlook (filipino expression)
 6. Individualism-filipino cha.
that is self-centered

 7. Amor propio-individuals
highly emotional reaction
to protect honor and dignity
when threatened and
questioned

ex. Pakipot /helehele

bago quire
Others:
 1.Communication
 2. Helping Others
and Gratitude
 3. Respect
 4. Independence
 5. Service
 6. Trust
Ethical considerations in CHN
practice

 Ethical values are

essential for any
healthcare
provider. 
 Ethics - a philosophic analysis of
morality, & the systematic endeavor to
understand moral concepts to justify
moral principals & theories (Pojman,
1991)

Principals - provide guidelines for actions

Rules - more specific, describe what must

 not be done morally in any situation
 Ethical Dilemma

 Conflict between two or more

courses of action
 When strong values underlie the

potential choices & are

incompatible

Moral reasoning
is the thought process used to
evaluate possible actions and make
a decision about the best choice
Steps to Making an Ethical Decision
 1. Identify the problem
 2. Gather additional information
 3. Identify all options
 4. Think the situation through considering

outcomes
 5. Make the decision
 6. Act then assess the decision and the final

outcome

(Jameton’s Framework, 1984)

Medical vs. Community Health Ethics

 Medical - deals with values, choices, and

personal behavior through actions with
individual clients

 Community Health - relates to same values,

choices, and social morality but applied to
population groups
 Patients bill of rights
 1. Receive care that is respectful of your personal beliefs, cultural and
spiritual values.
 2.An explanation in terms that you can understand and to have any
question answered concerning your symptoms, diagnosis, prognosis,
and treatment.
 3. Appropriate assessment and management of your symptoms,
including pain.
 4. Know your:  diagnosis; prognosis; testing and treatment to be used;
risks of treatment and common side effects of medications; financial
considerations associated with medical care
 5. Know the contents of your medical records through interpretation by
the provider.
 6. Know your health care team.
 7. Develop a collaborative plan to prevent your medical problem from
recurring.
 8. Choose or change your provider.
 9. Refuse to be examined or treated and to be informed of the
consequence of such decisions. 
 10. Be assured of the confidential treatment of
disclosures and records and to approve or
refuse the release of such information, except
when release of specific information is
required by law or is necessary to safeguard
you or the university community.
 11. Be informed and provide consent to
participate in research conducted at Health
Services.
 12. Participate in the consideration of ethical
issues that may arise in the provision of your
care.
 13. Provide feedback on the services you receive.