B.Ed.

FIRST YEAR

INTEGRAL CALCULUS
 Unit- XII Chapter- 1

Indefinite Integral

A function F(x) is said to be an anti-derivative of a function f(x) if F’(x) = f(x)

For all x in the domain of f.
The set of all anti-derivatives of f in the indefinite integral of f with
respect to x is denoted by

, the function F(x) is a primitive function of f(x).

So, F(x) +c is also a primitive of f(x).

Methods of integration:

(i) Method of transformation

(ii) Method of substitution
(iii) Method of integration by parts.

(i) Method of transformation

Exercise 1(A)

Solution: Here,
Solution: Here, I =
 Method of substitution
Some standard Integrals:
Exercise - 1(B)
(iii) Integration by parts:

is known ‘’ formula for integration by parts’’.

Exercise – 1(c)

(Integrating by parts)
(Again integrating by parts)
Some Standard Integrals:
To evaluate this type of integral, we convert

=
 This type of integral can be integrated by reducing

=
Where,
Or, I
 Formulae:

Exercise - 1(D)
Integrate w.r. to x.
Evaluate:
=
Exercise- 1(E)
Or, I

(After calculating simple partial fractions)