Toothbrush

Toothbrush
The toothbrush is an oral hygiene instrument
used to clean the teeth and gums that consists
of a head of tightly clustered bristles mounted
on a handle, which facilitates the cleansing of
.hard to-reach areas of the mouth
***
 : History of Tooth brushes
Early forms of the toothbrush have existed for>
nearly 5000 years. Ancient civilizations used a
“chew stick,” . a thin twig with a frayed end
The sticks were rubbed against the teeth to>
.remove food
In the past 500 or so years, toothbrushes were>
crafted with bone, wood or ivory handles that held
.the stiff bristles of hogs, boars or other animals
The nylon-bristled toothbrush as we know it today>
“ was invented in 1938

 MISWAK
  ,The miswak (miswaak, siwak, sewak >
is a teeth cleaning twig made from the
.Salvado persica tree (known as arak in Arabic) 
A traditional and natural alternative to the modern>
,toothbrush
it has a long, well-documented history and have been used >
over 7000 years ago
Apart from their antibacterial activity which may help" >
control the formation and activity of dental plaque, they can
.be used effectively as a natural toothbrush for teeth cleaning
Such sticks are effective, inexpensive, common, available, >
and contain many medical properties". It also features
prominently in Islamic hygienical jurisprudence
Types of toothbrushes :
1) Manual
2) Powered
3) Sonic and ultrasonic
4) Ionic
manual Toothbrush

: With 3 main parts

 Toothbrush head
 Toothbrush bristles
 Toothbrush handle
: Toothbrush head
The Size :
There are 3 types of head size :
 Small
 Medium
 Large
The size based on :
 General guide of toothbrush size
 Size of patient mouth
small size usually for children and large-medium usually
for adult , however some adult with small mouth uses
small size.
Shape of toothbrush head :

Conventional :
All conventional
toothbrush head designs
are effective in
cleaning every tooth
surface.

Diamond shape :
The tips of these brush
heads are narrower than
those of the
conventional ones.
These tips are designed
for easy access to
posterior teeth.
 The size of the toothbrush head :
it should be considered according to the size of
the oral cavity

0-2 years
Brush head size should be approximately the 2-6 years
diameter of a Hong Kong 10-cent coin Brush head size should be approximately the
(~15mm). diameter of a Hong Kong 20-cent coin (~19mm). 　

6-12 years
Brush head size should be approximately the 12 years and above
diameter of a Hong Kong 50-cent coin Brush head size should be approximately the diameter of a
(~22mm). Hong Kong one-dollar coin (~25mm).
: Toothbrush bristle
: Offer with 3 types
: Hard
Uncorrect brushing way by it can lead to tooth abrasion , so not
recommended
: Soft
For sensitive teeth
: Ultra soft
For people underwent surgery in their mouth
: Medium
Usually recommended as it sufficient to cleaning without cause
unnecessary damage
Hard tooth brush is not more effective in cleaning the teeth as
.compared to a soft one as the hard is used to clean the dentures
Bristle pattern :

Block pattern :
The bristles are of the
same length and are
arranged neatly like a
block.

Wavy or V-shape pattern :

The bristles form a V-
shape or wavy pattern.
According to the
manufacturer, this is
intended to give the
bristles a better contact
with the areas around the
adjacent tooth surfaces.
Multilevel trim pattern :
The manufacturer claimed
that it enables the brush
to reach difficult-to-
clean areas.

Criss-cross pattern :
According to the
manufacturer, this design
can lift up plaque
effectively

Polishing-cup bristles :
It is claimed that the
bristles can clean
surface stains
effectively
: Toothbrush handle

 most handle made of plastic

 some have rubber coating for firm grip
 design of handle slightly curve to follow
natural fingers grip
 Handle with special design offer for those
who cannot hold handle properly e.g.
 People with Parkinson or down syndrome
Handle design :

Straight handle :
All conventional
toothbrushes
have straight handles that
are easier to control

Contra-angle handle :
This handle design is
similar
to a dental instrument,
intending to access to
the difficult-to-clean
areas.
Flexible handle :

This kind of handle intends

to reduce gum injury caused
by excessive brushing force

Slip prevention grip handle :

This handle intends to

prevent the toothbrush from
slipping away during tooth
brushing.
Modified types of manual tooth brush:
 Single-tuft toothbrush

 Inter-dental brush

 Super brush
 ADA specification for
a toothbrush
mm length 31.8_ 25.4 
mm in width 9.5_ 7.9 
row of bristles 4 _ 2 
tufts per row 12 _ 5 
: objectives of tooth brushing
 To clean teeth and interdental space from
food remanent ,debris ,and staine
 To prevent plaque formation
 To distrub and remove plaque
 To stimulate and massage gengival tissue
 To clean the tongue
: Characteristic of tooth brush

 conforms to individual patient requirements

 easily and effectively manipulated
 is durable and inexpensive
 flexible and soft of shank strength rigidity and
lightness of the
handle
 has rounded end
filaments or bristles
Proper type of tooth brush depends on
:

 Patient
 Gingiva
 Position of teeth
 Shape of teeth and exposed roots
 Method selected
: What’s the best tooth brush
There are a few factors which truly make a big difference when you choose your
.toothbrush and these are the size and hardness
Size
if the head of the toothbrush is much bigger, then, this might not be able to get
.into the narrow spaces such as areas in the back of the mouth
a cup shape head is for cleaning around teeth
a diagonal pattern of bristles to clean the sides of the teeth and along the gum
.line, or mix in a number of longer bristles that can help clean between the teeth
Hardness
.The toothbrush that is hard is not more effective in cleaning then the soft onse
.The toothbrush that is medium soft is recommended
The hard toothbrush can seriously damage the teeth and this may even cause the
gum line to recede.  Meanwhile, a soft toothbrush may not be too effective in
.cleaning the teeth and gums thoroughly
: powered tooth brush
 An electric toothbrush gives a feedback on
how much pressure is used.
 more effective and safer for teeth.
 help in avoiding the brushing too hard and
preserve toothbrush heads longer.
 there is no difference between electrical and manual in enamel wearing.
 They are able to reach difficult areas of your mouth easier
 They have interchangeable heads ,including a slow massage setting for cleaning
your tongue
 A power toothbrush is very useful to those who have limited arthritis or injury
 Power brushes are also great for the kids.

: There are two types of power toothbrushes

.The disposable battery powered toothbrushes -1
.The rechargeable power toothbrush -2
: How to keep the tooth brush

• use of a dishwasher or microwave oven, could damage the

brush .
• only rinse toothbrushes thoroughly with tap water.
• Store the brush in an upright position .
• keep the brushes separated to prevent cross-contamination .
• don’t share toothbrushes because the mouth harbors
hundreds of different types of microorganisms (germs).
• Do not routinely cover toothbrushes or store them in closed
containers.

TOOTHBRUSH SANITIZERS
: General Recommendations
 Do not share toothbrushes
 Thoroughly rinse toothbrushes
 Do not routinely cover toothbrushes
 Replace toothbrushes
 Brush or Floss to use first
 Don’t keep it at the path room
 Store it in up right position
 Two Minutes, Twice A Day
 The best time to brush
Tha
n k yo
u