EKOLOGI

ADMINISTRASI NEGARA
Definisi
Webster Dictionary EKOLOGI adalah
the branch of biology that deals with
relations between living organisms and their
environment;
in sociology, the relationship between the
distribution of human groups with reference
to material resources, and the consequent
social and cultural patterns
Human ecology
J.B. Bews dalam Human Ecology (1935) :
The word itself is derived from the Greek oikos,
as house or home, the same root word as occurs
in economy and economics.
Economics is a subject with which ecology has
much in common, but ecology is much wider. It
deals with all the relationships of living
organisms and their environment
 FAKTOR-FAKTOR EKOLOOGIS
Fred W. Riggs di Equilibrium model (1961) menyebut 5
faktor ekologis dlm Administrasi Publik AS
1. Economic foundations
2. Social structure
3. Communications network
4. Ideological/Symbol patterns
5. Political system
Riggs “No doubt other aspect equally deserve
examination but I cannot deal with all relevant
consideration in a single lecture, and these five
schould illustrate some of the more significant
relationship” (most)
 FAKTOR-FAKTOR EKOLOGIS
John M. Gaus di Ferrel Heady mengenalkan 6 faktor
ekologis di Sistem Administrasi Philipina
‘These six factors are people, place, physical
technology, social technology, wishes and ideas,
catastrope, and personality.’
Felix A. Negro ‘the outstanding characteristics of
American Society today, and how do they affect public
administration.’
Population changes, advances in physical
technology, advances in social inventions, and
ideological environment
S. PAMUDJI MELIHAT EKOLOGI DARI SISTEM ADMINISTRASI
NEGARA INDONESIA, DIBAGI ATAS 2 FAKTOR :

1. Faktor2 alamiah: letak geografis,

keadaan dan kekayaan alam,
keadaan dan kemampuan
penduduk
2. Faktor2 sosial: ideologi, politik,
ekonomi, sosial budaya, dan
pertahanan keamanan (militer)
 BAGAN SISTEM ADMINISTRASI NEGARA
Lingkungan 1. Lokasi dan posisi
FISIK
geografis Lingkungan
(Environment) Tri Gatra
2. Keadaan/kekayaan alam (Environment
3. Kemampuan Penduduk )
Masukan Proses konversi Luaran
(Input) (Conversion) (Output)
1 Tuntutan2
Unit administratif Barang2 dan jasa2
/keinginan2 1. Struktur
2. Sumber dana (pelayanan) bagi
2. Prosedur pengambilan
dan daya keputusan pemenuhan
3. Dukungan atau 3. Pengalaman dan kebutuhan
tantangan dari keadaan pribadi masyarakat dan
masyarakat administrator pegawai/pejabat
dan pejabat2 4. Prosedur kontrol cabang
cabang pemerintahan
pemerintahan Menggambarkan pengaruh lainnya
luaran thd lingikungan dan
yang lain Umpan dapat menjadi masukan baru
Balik:
1. Ideologi
Lingkungan 2. Politik
Sosial 3. Ekonomi Environment
(Environment) Panca Gatra
4. Sosial Budaya
5. Hankam