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Summary For Chapter 3,4,5
Summary For Chapter 3,4,5
Summary For Chapter 3,4,5
MODAL CHARACTERISTICS
Traffic characteristics
Passenger traffic
Physical characteristics of passengers
The passenger is a standard unit. Load and unloads themselves unless disable
people that need some assistance.
They have right to a service which will bring them to their destination as they
comfort and safety.
Also assumed they can follow instructions, read timetable/schedule and self
consolidating.
Economic characteristics of passengers
Economic status of people may dictate the demand for movement, the choice
of various forms of movement and the amount of movements take place.
Ability to pay depends on the standard of living of people which varies
enormously and the price of service.
Willingness to pay depending on the journey purpose, if an essential trips
people may be willing to pay at any cost. This is where the situation of inelastic
demand towards transport occurs.
Cont’d
Journey purpose
People may have various reasons in making trips, this has a marked effect on the
type of services people demand.
Journey purposes can be categorized into;
Essential journey (e.g. Trips to work, school, etc)
Businessman require fast and comfortable service as they values their time highly
whilst a tourist may not be interested in speed at all but may consider.
Location
The activities which make up the purpose of the journey made by people may be
located anywhere, at any time and various types of services could be demanded:
Urban , inter-urban, rural and international services
Traffic characteristics
Goods/Freight traffic
Physical characteristics freight
Goods may have various properties and qualities which are very important to be identified before planning for its
transportation. This includes:
Liquid, solid or gas
Animate or inanimate – livestock
Fragile or non-fragile
Hazardous or non-hazardous ,etc
It can be in variety of sizes, shapes and weights and this will influence the packaging and material handling
equipment to be used for it.
Economic characteristics
Demand for transport is derived demand.
Goods can be classified as valuable and non-valuable, and the value of freight is an indicator of the economic
ability to bear the cost of transport.
e.g. coal is low value goods, so it cannot bear high cost of transport. Gold is high value, so it can bear high cost of
transport which secured, less transit, etc.
Cont’d
Stages in processing
The value and bulk weight ratio of goods is different at each stage and has a great
implication for transport.
Three stages concern in transport:
Raw materials
Semi processed Goods
Finished Goods
Method of handling
The inherent properties of commodities influence the methods of packing to
avoid loss and damage.
Packaging serves to consolidate goods into convenient sizes for handling and
marketing and also to protect the goods from damage or contamination.
Size and divisibility
The size of individual pieces or packages – dimensions, volumes or weights will
influence the capacity and the type of equipment to be used
CHARACTERISTICS OF EFFICIENT
TRANSPORT SERVICE
SAFE
SAFE PUNCTUALITY
PUNCTUALITY
ARRIVAL
ARRIVAL &&RELIABILITY
RELIABILITY
COMFORT
COMFORT
SPEED
SPEED
REGULARITY
REGULARITY CAPACITY
CAPACITY
FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY ACCEPTABLE
ACCEPTABLE
COST
COST
COMPREHENSIVENESS
COMPREHENSIVENESS
Chapter 4: Concept and
Definition
SYSTEM CONCEPT - PASSENGER
• For passengers, factors needed:
1. Interchange/station/terminal
2. Ease of fare collection/integrated ticketing scheme
3. Parking bays
4. Application of Kiss and Ride, & Park and Ride
‘The use of two or more modes of transportation in moving a shipment from origin to
destination’.
transportation
In the freight transport sector, the growth of intermodal transport is