GENERAL HEALTH By : Dr MEMOONA

CONDITION (GHC)
FATIGUE
Fatigue is a term used to describe an overall feeling of tiredness or lack of energy. It
isn’t the same as simply feeling drowsy or sleepy. When you’re fatigued, you have
no motivation and no energy. Being sleepy may be a symptom of fatigue, but it’s not
the same thing.
Fatigue is a common symptom of many medical conditions that range in severity
from mild to serious. It’s also a natural result of some lifestyle choices, such as lack
of exercise or poor diet.
 FATIGUE
extreme tiredness resulting from mental or physical exertion or illness.
Fatigue can cause a vast range of other physical, mental and emotional symptoms including:
chronic tiredness or sleepiness.
headache.
dizziness.
sore or aching muscles.
muscle weakness.
slowed reflexes and responses.
impaired decision-making and judgement.
moodiness, such as irritability.
WHAT CAUSES FATIGUE
They can be divided into three general categories:
lifestyle factors
physical health conditions
mental health issues
1: LIFESTYLE FACTORS
physical exertion
lack of physical activity
lack of sleep
being overweight or obese
periods of emotional stress
boredom
grief
taking certain medications, such as antidepressants or sedatives
using alcohol on a regular basis
using illicit drugs, such as cocaine
consuming too much caffeine
not eating a nutritious diet
PHYSICAL HEALTH
CONDITIONS

anemia autoimmune disorders

arthritis
congestive heart failure
fibromyalgia
chronic fatigue syndrome cancer
infections, such as cold and flu diabetes
Addison’s disease, a disorder that can affect your hormone
levels kidney disease
hypothyroidism, or underactive thyroid
liver disease
hyperthyroidism, or overactive thyroid
sleep disorders, such as insomnia
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COP
D)
eating disorders, such as anorexia
emphysema
MALAISE
a general feeling of discomfort, illness, or unease whose exact cause is difficult to
identify.
a feeling of overall weakness
a feeling of discomfort
a feeling like you have an illness
simply not feeling well
WHAT CAUSES MALAISE
have a musculoskeletal condition, you can often experience a general sense of
discomfort and unease. Additionally, malaise is a typical symptom of various forms
of arthritis, such as osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis.
Acute viral disorders, such as the following, can cause malaise:
HIV
AIDS
fibromyalgia
Lyme disease
hepatitis
CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROM
E
Chronic fatigue syndrome is a particularly complex disorder that’s characterized by a
feeling of overall pain, fatigue, and malaise.
These chronic conditions may cause malaise:
severe anemia
congestive heart failure
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
kidney disease
liver disease
diabetes
Other causes of malaise can include:
parasitic infections
the flu
mononucleosis
cancer
adrenal gland dysfunction
diabete
FEVER
Fever is when a human's body temperature goes above the normal range of 36–37°
Centigrade (98–100° Fahrenheit). It is a common medical sign. Other terms for
a fever include pyrexia and controlled hyperthermia. As the body temperature goes
up, the person may feel cold until it levels off and stops rising.
SYMPTOMS
When somebody has a fever, signs and symptoms are linked to what is known as sickness behavior, and may include:
feeling cold when nobody else does
shivering
lack of appetite
dehydration — preventable if the person drinks plenty of fluids
depression
hyperalgesia, or increased sensitivity to pain
lethargy
problems concentrating
sleepiness
sweating
If the fever is high, there may also be extreme irritability, confusion, delirium, and seizures.
 CHILLS
The term “chills” refers to a feeling of being cold without an apparent cause. You get this
feeling when your muscles repeatedly expand and contract and the vessels in your skin
constrict. Chills can occur with a fever and cause shivering or shaking.
CAUSES OF CHILLS
Some chills occur after exposure to a cold environment. They can also occur as a response to a
bacterial or viral infection that causes a fever. Chills are commonly associated with the following
conditions:
bacterial or viral gastroenteritis
flu
meningitis
sinusitis
pneumonia
strep throat
urinary tract infections (UTIs)
malaria
SWEAT
moisture exuded through the pores of the skin, typically in profuse quantities as a reaction to heat, physical
exertion, fever, or fear.
Health conditions that may cause excessive sweating include:
Diabetic hypoglycemia.
Endocarditis (an infection of the inner lining of the heart)
Fever of undetermined cause.
Generalized anxiety disorder.
Heart attack.
Heat exhaustion.
HIV/AIDS.
Hyperhidrosis
NAUSEA/VOMITING
Vomiting is an uncontrollable reflex that expels the contents of the stomach through
the mouth. It’s also called “being sick” or “throwing up.” Nausea is a term that
describes the feeling that you might vomit, but aren’t actually vomiting.
WHAT CAUSES NAUSEA AND
VOMITING?
Nausea and vomiting may occur together or separately. They can be caused by a number of physical and
psychological conditions.
Nausea
The most common causes of nausea are intense pain — usually from an injury or illness — and the first trimester
of pregnancy. There are also a number of other relatively common causes, including:
motion sickness
emotional stress
indigestion
food poisoning
viruses
exposure to chemical toxins
If you have gallstones, you’re also likely to feel nauseated.
Vomiting in children
The most common causes of vomiting in children are viral infections and food
poisoning. However, vomiting can also be caused by:
severe motion sickness
coughing
high fevers
overeating
Vomiting in adults
Most adults rarely vomit. When it does occur, a bacterial or viral infection or a type
of food poisoning usually causes vomiting. In some cases, vomiting can also be the
result of other illnesses, especially if they lead to a headache or high fever.
CHRONIC STOMACH
CONDITIONS
Chronic, or long-term, stomach conditions can often cause nausea and vomiting.
These conditions can come along with other symptoms, such as diarrhea, 
constipation, and stomach pain. These chronic conditions include food intolerances,
such as celiac disease and dairy protein and lactose intolerance.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common stomach condition that causes bloating,
nausea, vomiting, heartburn, fatigue, and cramping.
Lifestyle choices
Certain lifestyle choices can increase your chance of experiencing nausea and
vomiting.
Eating disorders
An eating disorder is when a person adjusts their eating habits and behaviors based
on an unhealthy body image. It can cause nausea and vomiting.
Bulimia is an eating disorder in which a person induces vomiting deliberately to
purge the stomach of any consumed food. People with anorexia may also feel nausea
due to starvation and excess stomach acid.
Serious conditions
Though rare, vomiting can sometimes occur as a symptom of a more serious
condition, including:
meningitis
appendicitis
concussion
a brain tumor
migraines
DIZZINESS/LIGHTHEADEDNES
S
Dizziness is the feeling of being lightheaded, woozy, or unbalanced. It affects the
sensory organs, specifically the eyes and ears, so it can sometimes cause fainting.
Dizziness isn’t a disease, but rather a symptom of various disorders.
Vertigo and disequilibrium may cause a feeling of dizziness, but those two terms
describe different symptoms. Vertigo is characterized by a spinning sensation, like
the room is moving.
it may also feel like motion sickness or as if you’re leaning to one side.
Disequilibrium is a loss of balance or equilibrium. True dizziness is the feeling of
lightheadedness or nearly fainting.
CAUSES OF DIZZINESS
Common causes of dizziness include a migraine, medications, and alcohol. It can also be caused by a problem in the inner ear,
where balance is regulated.
udden drop in blood pressure
heart muscle disease
decrease in blood volume
anxiety disorders
anemia (low iron)
hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
ear infection
dehydration
heat stroke
excessive exercise
motion sickness
SYMPTOMS OF DIZZINESS
People experiencing dizziness may feel various sensations, including:
lightheadedness or feeling faint
a false sense of spinning
unsteadiness
loss of balance
feeling of floating or swimming
UNEXPLAINED WEIGHT
LOSS
Unexplained weight loss is a noticeable drop in body weight that occurs even if the
person is not trying to lose weight. Unexplained weight loss can be a symptom of a
serious illness, including cancer or diabetes
PARESTHESIA
Paresthesia is an abnormal sensation of the skin (tingling, pricking, chilling,
burning, numbness) with no apparent physical cause. ... The most familiar kind
of paresthesia is the sensation known as "pins and needles" or of a limb "falling
asleep"
WHAT CAUSES PARESTHESIA
Radiculopathy
Radiculopathy is a condition in which nerve roots become compressed, irritated, or
inflamed
Neuropathy
Neuropathy occurs due to chronic nerve damage. The most common cause of
neuropathy is hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar.
COGNITION
the mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through
thought, experience, and the senses.