Machine Tools (IPE 431)

Grinding Operations

Farhan Mashuk Haidary

Lecturer (Adjunct Faculty)
Sonargaon Univeristy
• Removing material from workpiece by rotating wheel that has
a surface composed of abrasives.

• Considered to be the most accurate of the existing machining

processes.
• Used when high accuracies, close dimensional tolerances, and
a fine surface finishes are required.
• Hard materials can also be machined.
Grinding Machines
 Cutting conditions in Grinding

• Cutting velocity V is related to the rotational speed of

wheel by, V = πDN, where D is the wheel diameter, and
N is the rotational speed of grinding wheel.

• Depth of cut d is called infeed. The distance at which the

wheel is fed is called a crossfeed. The crossfeed is
actually the width of cut w.

• The cross-sectional area of cut, CSA =

crossfeed×infeed = wd

• The material removal rate is defined by

• MRR = Vwwd
 Common Grinding wheels

Grinding wheel is made of abrasive grains held together

by a bond.
These grains cut like teeth when the wheel is brought to
a work piece at high speed.
The properties of a wheel that determine how it acts are
the kind and size of abrasive, how closely the grains are
packed together and amount of the bonding material.
 Grinding wheels- Designation and selection

• The way the abrasive grains, bonding material, and the air
gaps are structured, determines the parameters of the
grinding wheel, which are
abrasive material

grain size

bonding material

wheel grade, and

wheel structure.

• To achieve the desired performance in a given

application, each parameter must be carefully selected.
Grinding wheels- Designation and selection
Identifying grinding wheels
Phases of chip formation- ductile material
Phases of chip formation- ductile material
Energy distribution and heat flow
Classification of grinding processes