RT40402

Isu-Isu & Perkembangan Semasa

Pertanian

Semester 1 Sesi 2020-2021

Kuliah 3
05 November 2020 (Khamis)
 RT40402

ISU DAN PERKEMBANGAN SEMASA PERTANIAN

(ISSUES AND CURRENT DEVELOPMENT
IN AGRICULTURE)
 KULIAH 3
KESELAMATAN MAKANAN (FOOD SAFETY)
Are we eating safe foods?
 Name the difference..

Food
security

Food
production
Food
safety
Source: Shiva Makki/World Bank. http://blogs.worldbank.org/climatechange/deforestation-
disastrous-consequences-climate-and-food-security
 
 HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL
CONTROL POINT (HACCP)
• Annex to CAC/RCP 1-1969, Rev. 3 (1997)
• Specific hazards and measures for their control
to ensure the safety of food.
• A system which is capable of accommodating
change, such as advances in equipment design,
processing procedures or technological
developments.
• HACCP can be applied throughout the food chain
from primary production to final
 Principles of HACCP
• PRINCIPLE 1 Conduct a hazard analysis.
• PRINCIPLE 2
• Determine the Critical Control Points (CCPs).
• PRINCIPLE 3
• Establish critical limit(s).
• PRINCIPLE 4
• Establish a system to monitor control of the
CCP.
 Principles of HACCP
• PRINCIPLE 5
• Establish the corrective action to be taken when monitoring
indicates that a particular CCP is not under control.
• PRINCIPLE 6
• Establish procedures for verification to confirm that the
HACCP system is working effectively.
• PRINCIPLE 7
• Establish documentation concerning all procedures and
records appropriate to these principles and their
application.
 Consumer Demands
• High quality
• Superior sensory attributes
• Naturals - Transmitting strong link to nature
• Nutritionally healthy
• Less severe processing
• Food safety - Improved safety, track and
traceable
• Environmentally friendly produced
 Food safety is related to
value chain of food production
Value chain food safety approach

Chain
mechanism
Value chain
Stakeholde
r
Value chain of food production

Product Manufacture Consumers

SAFETY
 Stakeholders
stakeholders
Policies (Food security
Government
etc)

Compliance
Manufacturers
System (ISO, HACCP etc)

Marketers EU standards etc

 Food Safety Issues
in South America:

A Case Study on Shiga Toxin Producing Escherichia coli

Food safety measures in Australia
• Food Acts
• Mandatory standards for food safety
practices and food premises and
equipment
– a model standard for food safety programs
• Supporting infrastructure projects
– to assist with its implementation.
Food safety measures in Australia
• Primary objective of this new system
– to reduce the incidence of foodborne illness in
Australia
– by requiring food businesses to take responsibility
for the safety of the food they handle
• Preventative approach to managing the food safety
risks within their business.
Implementation of food safety management systems in the UK

• Great deal of both statutory and private regulation that has

incentivised enterprises.
• Enterprises have implemented integrated food safety
management systems to proactively deal with the risks
• associated with food safety
• Enterprises claim that statutory regulations are biased
towards consumers
– without adequate impact assessments on all stakeholders within
the chain
– causing industry to incur significant costs that could otherwise be
avoided.
 Policies and practices for aquaculture food
safety in China
• The top-down approach focuses on end
product rather than the production practices.
– Regulations pertaining to antibiotic use are not
being followed. \
• Food safety to the attention of the Chinese
public and the Government is acting positively
towards addressing these deficiencies.
• Introduction of Food Safety Law which comes
into effect in June, 2009.
Policies and practices for aquaculture food
safety in China
• Challenge
– Central government must work in concert with
provincial and local authorities
• to improve the infrastructure for inspecting
• To tracking food from farms to the end consumers
• to ensure a greater degree of safety of aquatic food
for the Chinese population
 Stakeholders
stakeholders
Policies (Food security
Government
etc)

Compliance
Manufacturers
System (ISO, HACCP etc)

Marketers EU standards etc