NEIGHBOURHOOD PARK

N.RAMUPRIYA-116011001558
S.SRIVIDHYA-116011001565
INTRODUCTION
 An urban park, also known as a public park, public open space, is
a park in cities and other incorporated places to offer recreation and green
space to residents of the city.
 Urban Parks refers to specific piece of ground, excluding natural parks, within
the City/town and set apart for use of the general public
 Urban parks are now viewed as an important part of the broader structure of
urban and neighborhood development rather than just recreation and leisure
facilities.
 The design, operation and maintenance is usually done by government,
typically on the local level, but may occasionally be contracted out to a private
sector company.

COMPONENTS
Common features of municipal parks include playgrounds, gardens,
hiking, running and fitness trails or paths, bridle paths, sports fields and
courts, public restrooms, boat ramps and/or picnic facilities, depending on the
budget and natural features available.
COMPONENTS AND ACTIVITIES
1. Relaxed leisure and passive enjoyment.
2. Active play and physical involvement.
3. Appreciation of views and art works.
4. Preserving and recognizing our history and culture.
5. Hosting exhibitions and outdoor events.
6. Bringing city dwellers into contact with the natural environment.

It is important that a city park is designed to achieve visual variety and

interest. This is achieved through the techniques of using different:
a) Forms/shapes b) Materials c) Colours and textures d) Levels.
It is important that a city park is easily accessible with clear links to the
city. This is achieved through having access by:
a) Walking b) Cycling c) Public transport (Consider trains, buses, ferries)
d) Private car.
Thirdly- It is important that a city park provides for a wide range of age
and interest groups.
 THE URBAN PARK GUIDELINES
The urban park guidelines will develop a vision that will consider
Visual and physical access to parks that enhance mental, physical and
spiritual health
Green gathering spaces to improve social connections and relieve stress
Outdoor recreational opportunities to improve physical health
Low impact development and environmentally sensitive design to
improve health of the land
Interesting and aesthetic design to create a sense of space
Well maintained and safe spaces to encourage community interaction
Educational opportunities to provide information on health benefits of
parks
PARK CLASSIFICATION
Park classification is determined by the resource’s use, purpose, size, target
area, demographics and location. There are three park classifications:
1. Neighborhood parks
2. Community parks
3. Regional parks
NEIGHBORHOOD PARKS:
The neighborhood park is a "walk to" park, generally located along local
streets where pedestrians will not encounter heavy traffic.
It serves the population of a neighborhood in a radius of up to one-half
mile and should be easily accessed.
Typical facilities developed in the neighborhood park may include
playgrounds, recreation buildings, multi-purpose sport courts, sports fields,
picnic areas, and open space.
Additional facilities may be added, depending on the recreation demands
of the neighborhood or community area.

COMMUNITY PARKS
A community park is designed to serve the needs of multiple
neighborhoods and larger sections of the City and have been described as medium
size, typically ten to 40 acres in size based on national averages.
While community parks ought to be accessible via pedestrian and bicycle
pathways, community parks are also expected to meet the needs of automobile-
oriented users with parking lots and easy access to major streets or arterials.
 Community parks offer a wide range of programs and facilities for all
community individuals and families ranging from passive to active uses.
Just as the neighborhood park fulfills the recreation needs of the
neighborhood, the community park is designed to meet the recreational needs of
the entire community.

REGIONAL PARKS :
Regional parks are generally designed for resource-based
activities, location is dependent upon the availability of high
quality natural resources capable of being developed and used for
outdoor recreation.
Typical facilities include water-based recreation sites,
camping areas, hiking, nature trails, picnic areas and other
facilities not requiring extensive development.
Parking areas are necessary support facilities and should be
designed to minimize adverse impacts upon the natural
environment.
 FURTHER SOME MORE CLASSIFICATIONS ARE,

SPECIAL USE PARKS:

SPECIAL USE PARKS ARE PARKS WHICH HAVE BEEN DESIGNED FOR A SINGLE SPECIAL
PURPOSE. VARIABLE IN SIZE. EXAMPLES: ZOOS, ARBORETUMS, PLAZAS, OR MEMORIALS.

LINEAR PARKS:
THESE ARE DEVELOPED TO ACCOMMODATE WALKING OR BICYCLE TRAILS. USUALLY,
THESE PARKS ARE DEVELOPED ALONG A NATURAL OR UTILITY CORRIDOR; OFTEN SERVE THE
SECONDARY PURPOSE OF LINKING TWO OR MORE PARKS TOGETHER.

COMMON OPEN SPACE:

IT IS A TERRITORY THAT IS JOINTLY USED BY A GROUP OF PEOPLE. IT IS NOT A PUBLIC
BECAUSE THOSE WHO NOT HOLD IT COMMON CAN BE EXCLUDED. IT IS NOT A PRIVATE EITHER
BECAUSE IT HAS TO BE SHARED WITH OTHERS.

PLAZA BONUSES:
IT IS GENERALLY INTENDED TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF CONTIGUOUS STREETS
AND SIDEWALKS AND TO GIVE SPACE BETWEEN THE BUILDINGS AND CROWDED SITES.

NATURAL PARKS:
LOCATIONS THAT ARE VIRTUALLY FREE OF MAN-MADE STRUCTURES. USED FOR
PASSIVE, LOW IMPACT ACTIVITIES SUCH AS TRAIL WALKING, WILDLIFE WATCHING, AND
CONTROLLED PRIMITIVE CAMPING.
P
A
R
K
S
IMAGES OF DIFFERENT
CLASSIFICATIONS
OF PARKS
CHARACTERS;

• Neighborhood parks incorporate elements common to both small active parks and large
parks.

Traditional city leisure and

Half of the park should be given
Social point of the
To passive activities and natural
neighbourhood
features.
Permit leisure and social NEIGHBOURHOOD PARK
Activities that cannot be
Done in residential areas Should be of walking distances
From neighbourhood homes
Do not focus on attracting
Users from outside
neighbourhood

• Defined less by their size, which ranges anywhere from ten or twenty acres to upwards of one
hundred acres or more, these parks were built within the existing neighborhoods, often taking
advantage of challenging sites with dramatic topography or steep terrain.
• As in large parks, neighborhood parks incorporated such planning features as planted
perimeters, establishing views, and, to the extent size allowed, open spaces.

• Similar to the smaller, more active parks, they held numerous spaces for organized activities,
such as tennis courts, golf courses, and baseball fields.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR RESHAPING NEIGHBOURHOOD PARKS TO
ENHANCE ECOSYSTEM SERVICESAND CONSERVE BIODIVERSITY SERVICES.
Each neighbourhood offers high quality public spaces, with a variety and mix of leisure and
recreational opportunities. Open spaces are well connected and integrated. Public space is
accessible and suitable to a range of ages and abilities. Active and passive spaces provide
areas to congregate, socialize, recreate, be physically active and spend time outdoors.
PARK SIZES AND TYPES- GUIDELINES
Include a variety of park sizes and types from the following list:

• Neighbourhood and Community parks: large multi-functional open spaces that may
include school sites, larger community and/or recreational facilities and amenities
(sports fields, etc.) and social amenities (community gardens, market spaces, etc.)
• Linear parks: greenspaces integrated into street network and trail systems to increase
open space and opportunities to gather, play, and recreate within neighbourhoods,
linear parks provide connections between large/regional parks or nodes.
• Parkettes: Small greenspaces. Providing opportunities for ‘bumping spaces’ and
passive enjoyment of greenspace.
• Urban Plazas: Public gathering spaces integrated into the site of mixed use or
commercial areas, institutions and community/recreational facilities.
• Natural and Reclaimed Areas: Greenspaces provided for protection, conservation,
habitat value or visual appeal.
CONNECTIVITY

Provide a connected system of parks and open spaces through trail systems, sidewalks,
pedestrian links and green streets accessible to residents within a 400m walking radius.

Design for a mix of park types and community spaces both large and small. Focus on the quality
of park amenity rather than area.
greenspaces where at least two sides are accessible from a public street, unless otherwise
approved by the Parks Department.

Design parks to connect with a pedestrian trail system and/or sidewalks.

Where housing backs onto public green space, the space should ensure adequate public
access, safety, security and ensure it is not perceived as private space for adjacent
homeowners
AMENITIES AND FACILITIES
Incorporate attractive outdoor amenities within park and gathering spaces based
on identified or anticipated community needs.

This may include (but is not limited to):

• seating areas, playgrounds, public art, trees, landscaping, weather protection, places for
people to garden and grow food, and,

• where suitable, infrastructure for outdoor events such as farmers’ markets, festivals and
concerts.
Provide fencing of parks, greenspace or gathering spaces only where it is necessary to
prevent direct access to sensitive environmental areas or unsafe conditions and to prevent
encroachments Balance park and community gathering spaces with both
informal (such as passive open space) and formal
opportunities (such as defined seating areas and sports
fields) for area residents to gather and interact.
Provide gathering areas, play spaces and outdoor
seating areas within park spaces and as onsite amenities
within multi-family developments
Where a development is greater than one quarter
section, include park amenity construction timing in the
phasing plan to ensure residents have places to interact
while their neighbourhood is being constructed.
 Why neighbourhood parks are vital to biodiversity
Neighbourhood Parks in Bangalore city were selected using the Bangalore Comprehensive
Development Plan . The city is bounded within three zones/belts and further divided into 48 planning
districts (henceforth residential areas). The first belt is Bangalore Core, also called ‘‘petta” comprises
the old residential and commercial areas; second belt comprises the old residential areas and the
third belt comprises newly developed or peri-urban areas
In the city of Bengaluru, neighbourhood parks are an
under-utilised resource for protecting local biodiversity. So
far, the main goal for neighbourhood parks has been to
provide a recreational zone to citizens. In a new study
researchers argue that apart from recreation, biodiversity
protection should also be included in parks’goals.

Large green spaces, though great for biodiversity,

are hard to set up in congested and highly
populated cities like Bengaluru. On the other
hand, a cluster of high-density of parks is easier to
create and sustain.
In highly urbanised areas, where large green zones
are impossible to establish, urban developers
should focus on setting up a high density of small
parks.
ONE EXAMPLE STUDY- A LANDMARK ‘LUNG’ AREA OF BANGALORE: CUBBON PARK
LOCATION : CUBBON PARK,
BENGALURU URBAN
ABOUT THE PLACE:

Cubbon Park, Officially called Sri Chamarajendra Park is a landmark 'lung' area of the
Bengaluru city, located (12.97°N 77.6°E) within the heart of the city in the Central
Administrative Area. Originally created in 1870, when Major General Richard Sankey was the then British
Chief Engineer of Mysore state, it covered an area of 100 acres (0.40 km2) and subsequent expansion
has taken place and the area reported now is about 300 acres (1.2 km2). It has a rich recorded history
of abundant flora and fauna plantations coupled with numerous impressive and aesthetically located
buildings and statues of famous personages, in its precincts.

ABOUT THE VEGETATION :

Indigenous and exotic botanical species found in the park are about 68 genera and 96
species with a total of around 6000 plants/trees. Indigenous species found in the park
are: artocarpus, cassia fistula, ficus, polyalthias etc., and exotic species such as
araucaria, bamboo, castanospermum australe, grevillea robusta, millettia,
peltophorum, schinus molle, swietenia mahagoni, tabebuia. etc.

Amongst the ornamental and flowering exotic trees lining the roads in the park are the
Grevillea robusta (silver oak)—the first oaks introduced to Bangalore from Australia[5]—and
the delonix or the gulmohar tree (bright red flowers with long petals) along the Cubbon
road in the park, which is a widely cultivated tropical ornamental tree around the world.
 The park is accessible from M.G. Road, Kasturba road, Hudson Circle
and Ambedkar Veedhi (Road). The motorable roads which run
ACCESS :
through the park are allowed for light motor vehicles only. All
locations of the park are accessible through walking paths.
THERE ARE 6 ENTRY
GATES The Park is open to the public at all times but the roads around the
park are closed for traffic from 5:00 to 8:00 am every day to
1. CORPORATE CIRCLE provide more safety and fresh environment for morning walkers
GATE and exercisers.
2. K.R CIRCLE GATE
3. GOPALA GOWDA
CIRCLE GATE
4. TIFFANY CIRCLE GATE
5. M.G ROAD GATE
6. MINSK SQUARE GATE
OBSERVATION
S:

THE PEDESTRIAN PATH WAYS VARIES IN WIDTH, i.e from 1.5m , 2m , 3m

THE MAIN ROADS ALSO HAVE WALK WAYS , SIZE OF ROADS VARIES, i.e from 6m, 8m, 12m
 TREES TALKING WITH SKY UNEVEN MUDDY ROADS THE TREES WITH HISTORY

SIGN BOARDS FOR PROTECTING

BOARDS ON BIRDS FOUND HERE WOODEN ART IN THE THE PARK
PARK
1. USED BY ALL AGE GROUPS- CHILDREN,
ADULTS, SENIOR CITIZENS.
2. ECO FRIENDLY ENVIRONMENT.
3. IT’S A NATURAL HOME TO MANY BIRD
SPIECES
4. HAS 6 ENTRIES MAKING ACCESS EASY
5. DENSLY POPULATED WITH TREES.
6. TOURIST ATTRACTION AND HISTORICAL
PLACE
7. GOOD SEATINGS AND RELAXATION SPACES
ARE PROVIDED.

MAINTAINENCE:
8. TRAFFIC ISSUES AS THERE IS LESS TRAFFIC
MAINTENANCE BY AUTHORITY
9. CHILDREN ARE NOT ALLOWED TO PLAY.
3. PATH WAYS AND ROADS NEED
IMPROVEMENT AND RECONSTRUCTION.
4. PROPER MAINTENANCE AND SECURITY HAS
ALSO HOUSES :

THE SATE CENTRAL LIBRARY

KARNATAKA HIGH COURT

STATUE OF QUEEN STATUE OF STATUE OF KING

VICTORIA WODEYAR EDWARD
EXAMPLE 2;
Foreign Neighbourhood Park : SURIN AVENUE NEIGHBOURHOOD PARK, SINGAPORE
1. LOCATED BETWEEN THE SURIN AVE AND AROOZOO AVE ROADS.
2. LOCATED IN FRONT OF DPS INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL.
3. LOCATED IN RESIDENTIAL AREA. • Rollerblading and
4. WELL EQUIPPED WITH: skateboarding
• A playground • Exercising and doing fitness
• Jogging Pathway • Children playing in the
• Skating Pathway playground
• Lights provided for night time • Gathering
• Shelters
• Gymnasium’s equipments
1.Formerly a crocodile park along Upper
Serangoon Road.
2. Upgraded facilities 2 years ago, including
skateboard lane.
3.However, the skateboard lane now is broken
due to the lacking of maintenance.
4. Developed by ACT-NOBEL, NOBEL AND
DESIGN HOLDINGS LTD, PINNACLE ASSET ASSET
GROUP.
5. This park was shared among the
Singaporean around Surin Avenue. Currently, this
park become the main attraction
SUMMARY ON THIS PARK WHICH INCLUDES:

• HAVE SMALLER AREA AND PERIMETER OF 708m

• WITHOUT MAINTANENCE

• FEW RESIDENTIAL AREA SHARE THE SAME PARK

• WITHOUT LAKE

• WITH SKATE

• LESS OPEN SPACES

• SHORTER JOGGING PATH

• MORE TREES

• WITHOUT BASKETBALL, FUTSAL COURT

 REFERENCES:

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0215525
https://india.mongabay.com/2019/10/bengalurus-neighbourhood-parks-can-support-biodiversity/

https://www.slideshare.net/FarooqhA/cubbon-park-bangalore?from_action=save
https://tclf.org/category/designed-landscape-types/public-park/neighborhood-park

https://www.reddeer.ca/media/reddeerca/business-in-red-deer/planning-and-development-of-
property/planning/Neighbourhood-Planning--Design-Standards-combined-June-2015.pdf

https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/228319569.pdf
https://www.slideshare.net/sslele456/landscape-architecture-greening-the-areas-with-respect-to-
neighbourhood-planning
https://www.slideshare.net/NurAzreenSamiu/experiental-landscape-neighbourhood-park